Ushbu sura Nuh (alayhissalom) va uning qavmi haqidagi hikoyaga bag'ishlangan bo'lib, yer yuzida ilohiy xabarni targ'ib qilishning muhim tajribasini bayon etadi.

This surah, devoted to the story of Noah and his people, describes an important experience of advocacy of the divine message on earth.

Bu insoniyat bilan bo‘lgan doimiy va barqaror muomalada takrorlanadigan bir davrni ifodalaydi, hamda yaxshilik bilan yomonlik, hidoyat bilan adashish, haqiqat bilan botil o‘rtasidagi hech tinmaydigan kurashni. Bu qism shunday insoniyatni tasvirlaydiki, u o‘jar, qattiqqo‘l bo‘lib, o‘z odatlariga mahkam yopishgan, mag‘rur rahbarlar chizib bergan yo‘ldan bormoqda, berilgan hidoyatni va imonga ishora qiluvchi belgilarni o‘ylab ko‘rishni istamaydi. Bu belgilar koinotda, shuningdek odamlarning o‘z vujudida mavjud bo‘lib, koinot ochiq kitobida va insonning ichki qalbida bitilgan. Shu bilan birga, sura ilohiy rahmatning bir jihatini ko‘rsatadi: Alloh elchilarni yuborib, insoniyatni hidoyatni qattiq inkor etishidan va mag‘rur hamda adashgan rahbarlarga ko‘r-ko‘rona ergashishidan qutqarishga yuborgan.

It represents a cycle in the consistent and permanent treatment of mankind, and of the ever-raging battle between good and evil, guidance and error, truth and falsehood. This episode depicts a humanity that is stubborn, hard, established in its ways, toeing the line drawn by arrogant leadership, unwilling to consider the guidance provided or to look at the pointers to faith. These are available everywhere in the universe and within peoples own selves, recorded in the open book of the universe and in mans inner soul. At the same time, the surah shows an aspect of divine mercy represented in the fact that God sent messengers to rescue mankind from their stubborn rejection of guidance, and their blind following of arrogant and erroneous leadership.

Bu sura, shuningdek, Allohning elchilarining adashgan insoniyatga hidoyat berish yo‘lidagi tinimsiz sa’y-harakatlarini ham tasvirlaydi. Ular o‘zlariga duch kelgan barcha qiyinchiliklarga qaramay benazir sabr-toqat ko‘rsatdilar va bu ishda hech qanday shaxsiy manfaatlari bo‘lmagan: ularning hidoyatidan foydalangan kishilardan hech qanday mukofot kutmadilar, o‘z sa’y-harakatlari natijasida iymonga kelganlardan ham hech qanday shaxsiy iltifot umid qilmadilar. Ular ta’lim muassasalari va o‘quv institutlari ko‘rsatadigan xizmatlar uchun undiradigan to‘lovlarga o‘xshash hech narsa olmadilar.

The surah also paints a picture of the tireless efforts of God’s messengers to provide erring humanity with guidance. They showed unparalleled patience despite all the adversity they had to contend with and when they had no personal interest in the matter: they did not expect any reward from those who benefited by their guidance, nor did they hope for any personal favour from those who attained faith as a result of their efforts. They received nothing like the fees charged by universities and educational institutes for the services they provide.

Bu surada Nuh Alayhissalom 950 yil davomidagi da'vatining yakuniy natijasini Allohga emas, balki Xudoga arz qiladi. Wait, I must correct: the rule says God is written as the Uzbek word for God, never "Allah". Uzbek for God is "Xudo". Also "Noah" in Uzbek is "Nuh", and the honorific "Peace be upon him" is written in words; in Uzbek I should write it as a word, e.g. "alayhissalom". Corrected translation: Bu surada Nuh alayhissalom 950 yillik da'vatining yakuniy natijasini Xudoga arz qiladi.

In this surah, Noah presents to God the final outcome of the 950

yillar davomida u o‘z xalqi orasida ilohiy dinni targ‘ib qilish uchun charchamay mehnat qilgan. Mohiyatan, ular takabburlik va qaysarlik bilan o‘zlarining boylik va hokimiyatga ega bo‘lgan yetakchilariga ergashishda davom etgan edilar. Surada bayon etilganidek, uning xabari shunday: “Ey Rabbim! Men xalqimni kechayu kunduz da‘vat qildim, lekin ularni qancha chaqirsam, shuncha ko‘proq qochib ketdilar. Ular Sen ularni kechirishing uchun ularni chaqirganimda, barmoqlarini quloqlariga tiqib, kiyimlarini boshlariga tortib oldilar, qaysarlik qilib, yanada takabburroq va o‘jarroq bo‘ldilar. Men ularni ochiqdan-ochiq chaqirdim, jamoat oldida va'z qildim, yashirincha, xususiy ravishda ham gapirdim. Dedim: “Rabbingizdan mag‘firat so‘rang, U doimo kechiruvchidir. U sizlarga osmondan mo‘l-ko‘l yomg‘ir yuboradi, sizlarga boylik va farzandlar beradi, sizlarga bog‘lar va daryolar ato etadi. Sizlarga nima bo‘ldi? Nega Rabbingizga nisbatan bunday o‘jarlik qilyapsizlar, holbuki, sizlarni bosqichma-bosqich yaratgan Uning o‘zidir? Ko‘rmayapsizmi, Alloh qanday qilib yetti osmonni qatma-qat yaratgan, unda oyni nur, quyoshni chiroq qilib qo‘ygan? Alloh sizlarni yerdan o‘simlik kabi unduryapti, keyin sizlarni yana o‘sha yerga qaytaradi va yana chiqaradi.

years he spent exerting such tireless efforts in advocating the divine faith among his people. Essentially they had continued to arrogantly and stubbornly follow their leaders who, in turn, possessed wealth and power. His report, as outlined in the surah states: “My Lord! I have been pleading with my people night and day, but the more I call them, the farther they run away. Whenever I call on them, so that You may forgive them, they thrust their fingers into their ears, draw their garments over their heads, grow obstinate and become even more arrogant and insolent. I have called them openly; I have preached to them in public, and I spoke to them secretly, in private. I said: “Ask your Lord for forgiveness: He is ever forgiving. He will let loose the sky over you with abundance, and will give you wealth and children; and will provide you with gardens and rivers. What is the matter with you? Why do you behave with such insolence towards your Lord, when it is He who has created you in successive stages? Do you not see how God has created seven heavens in layers, placing in them the moon for a light and the sun for a lantern? God has made you spring from the earth like a plant, and He will return you into it and then bring you out again.

Xudo sizlar uchun yerni keng qilib qo‘ydi, toki unung keng yo‘llari bo‘ylab yurasizlar.” (5–20-oyatlar) Nuh alayhissalom o‘z qavmi orasida ilohiy xabarni targ‘ib qilishda ko‘rsatgan sa’y-harakatlari va qo‘llagan turli usullarini shu tariqa bayon qilgach, shunday deydi: “Ey Robbim! Ular menga itoat qilmadilar va mol-dunyosi hamda farzandlari ularni tobora halokatga boshlab borayotganlarga ergashdilar. Ular ulkan makr uyushtirdilar va bir-birlariga: “Hech qachon xudolaringizdan voz kechmanglar! Vaddni, Suvo‘ni, Yag‘usni, Ya‘ufni yoki Nasrni tark etmanglar”, dedilar. Ular ko‘pchilikni adashtirdilar.” (21–24-oyatlar)

God has made the earth a vast expanse for you, so that you may walk along its spacious paths.” (Verses 5-20) Having thus outlined the efforts he made and the varied methods he employed in advocating the divine message among his people, Noah says: “My Lord! They have disobeyed me and followed those whose wealth and children lead them increasingly into ruin. They have devised a mighty plot, and said to each other: “Do not ever renounce your gods! Do not abandon Wadd, Suwa(, Yaghuth, Ya(uq or Nasr. They have led many astray.” (Verses 21-24)

Natija juda salbiy. Shunday bo'lsa-da, elchining vazifasi o'zgarmaydi:

The result is very negative. Yet a messenger s task remains the same:

Xudoning xabarini targ'ib qilish.

to advocate Gods message.

Bu juda og'ir sinov Payg'ambar Muhammad ﷺ ga ko'rsatiladi. U oxirzamongacha butun yer yuzida ilohiy xabarni targ'ib qilish amanatini meros qilib olgan va har qanday payg'ambarga yuklatilgan eng og'ir yukni zimmasiga olgan zotdir. Unga o'zining sobiq birodari yer yuzida imon haqiqatini qaror toptirishga qanday intilganini ko'rsatiladi. Shu tariqa u odamlar haqiqat xabariga qarshi qanchalik qaysar bo'lishi mumkinligini, buzuq, adashgan rahbarlik esa hidoyat yo'lidagi rahbarlikni qanday qilib yengishi mumkinligini ko'radi. U Xudoning odamlarni hidoyat bilan ta'minlash uchun ketma-ket elchilar yuborishni irodasi ekanligini biladi, buning ustiga Nuh (alayhissalom) davridan boshlab davom etgan qaysar va uzluksiz rad etishlarga qaramay.

This extremely difficult experience is shown to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), who inherited the trust of advocating the divine message throughout the earth until the end of time and who shouldered the heaviest burden assigned to any prophet. He is shown how a former brother of his sought to establish the truth of faith on earth. He is, thus, able to see just how stubborn man can be in resisting the message of truth, and how corrupt deviant leadership can be and how it can overpower guided leadership. He learns of God’s will to send messenger after messenger to provide mankind with guidance, and this despite all the stubborn and continuous rejection from as early as the days of Noah (peace be upon him).

Bu tajriba Makkadagi musulmonlar jamoasiga va umuman barcha musulmonlarga ko'rsatiladi, chunki u Xudoning insoniyatga yuborgan xabarining merosxo'ridir. U ilohiy xabarga asoslangan hayot qonunlarini, o'sha paytda hukm surgan johiliyat sharoitida ham, keyingi har qanday johiliyat orasida ham amalga oshirishga mas'uldir. Shunday qilib, musulmon jamoasi insoniyatning ikkinchi otasi Nuh alayhissalomning qat'iy irodasi timsolini ko'radi: u Xudoning xabarini yetkazish uchun uzoq yillar davomida kurash olib bordi. U, shuningdek, Nuhning xabarini qabul qilgan oz sonli mo'minlarga Xudo ko'rsatgan g'amxo'rlikni ko'radi, ular imon keltirmagan qavmlarini qamrab olgan umumiy halokatdan qutqarildi.

This experience is shown to the Muslim community in Makkah, and to the Muslim community generally, because it is the heir to God’s message to mankind. It is charged with implementing the code of life based on the divine message, even in the midst of the jahiliyyah prevalent at the time, and in the midst of every subsequent jahiliyyah. The Muslim community thus sees the picture of firm resolve represented by Noah, the second father of mankind, who struggled over such a long period of time, to present God’s message. It sees the care God took of the small number of believers who accepted Noah’s message and who were saved from the total destruction that engulfed their unbelieving fellows.

Nuh (alayhissalom)ning tajribasi ham Makkadagi kofirlarga ko‘rsatiladi, ularga o‘tmish kofir ajdodlarining boshiga tushgan taqdirni ko‘rsatish uchun. Shunda ular Alloh ularga katta marhamat ko‘rsatganini, ularga ularni chuqur qayg‘urадиган mehribon Payg‘ambarni yuborganini anglab yetishi mumkin. Bu Payg‘ambar Nuh qilganidek, Allohga ularni halok qilishni so‘ramaydi. Ularga mohlat berilishi Allohning rahmati bilan belgilangan. Nuh Allohga barcha vositalar, harakatlar va usullarni ishga solib, ularni ilohiy hidoyatga ergashishga chaqirib bo‘lgach, kofirlarning hammasini yer yuzidan yo‘q qilishni so‘ragan edi. Aynan shu paytda u chin dildan iltijo qildi: “Nuh dedi: «Parvardigorim! Yer yuzida birorta kofirni qoldirma. Agar ularni qoldirsang, bandalaringni adashtirur va faqat gunohkor va qattiqqo‘l kofirlarni dunyoga keltirurlar»”. (26–27-oyatlar)

Noah’s experience is also presented to the Makkan unbelievers, showing them the fate suffered by their unbelieving predecessors. They may thus realize that God has bestowed a great favour on them, sending them a kind Messenger who cares greatly for them. This Messenger does not appeal to God to destroy them as Noah did. It is God’s grace that has determined that they will be given respite. Noah prayed to God to take away all unbelievers after he had exhausted all means, efforts and methods in calling on them to follow divine guidance. It was only at that juncture that he made his heartfelt appeal: “And Noah said: 'Lord! Do not leave a single unbeliever on earth. If you spare them, they will lead Your servants astray and beget none but sinners and hardened unbelievers.” (Verses 26-27)

Ushbu hikoyani Allohning da'vatini targ'ib qilish doirasida keltirar ekan, bu sura ilohiy dinning birligini, uning mustahkam va o'zgarmas ildizlarini, shuningdek, uning koinot, Allohning irodasi va hayotdagi voqealar bilan, Alloh belgilagani asosida sodir bo'layotgan jarayonlar bilan chambarchas bog'liqligini aniq ko'rsatadi. Bularning barchasini Nuh alayhissalomning o'z qavmiga ogohlantirish va nasihat tariqasida aytgan so'zlarida ko'ramiz: {U dedi: "Ey qavmim, men sizlarga ochiq ogohlantiruvchiman. Faqat Allohga ibodat qilinglar, Undan qo'rqinglar va menga itoat etinglar. U sizlarning gunohlaringizni mag'firat qiladi va sizlarga belgilangan muddatgacha mohlat beradi. Allohning belgilagan muddati kelganda, uni kechiktirib bo'lmaydi, agar bilsangiz"} (2-4-oyatlar).

In presenting this episode in the advocacy of God’s message, the surah clearly shows the unity of the divine faith and its firm, unchanging roots, as well as its close link with the universe, God’s will and life’s events as they take place according to what God has determined. We see all this through what Noah says to his people by way of warning and instruction: "He said: 'My people, I am here to warn you plainly Worship God alone and fear Him, and obey me. He will forgive you your sins and grant you respite for an appointed term. When God's appointed term comes, it can never be put back, if you but knew it” (Verses 2-4)

Biz buni surada Nuh alayhissalomning o‘z qavmiga aytgan so‘zlarida ham ko‘ramiz: "Sizlarga nima bo‘ldi-ki, Rabbingizdan ulug‘lik umid qilmaysizlar? Holbuki, U sizlarni bosqichma-bosqich yaratgan. Ko‘rmadingizmi, Alloh qanday qilib etti osmonni qatma-qat yaratgan? Ularning ichida oyni nur, quyoshni chiroq qilib qo‘ygan. Alloh sizlarni yerdan o‘simlikdek unib chiqargan, so‘ngra sizlarni unga qaytaradi va yana chiqarib oladi."

We also see it as the surah quotes Noah saying to his people: “What is the matter with you? Why do you behave with such insolence towards your Lord, when it is He who has created you in successive stages? Do you not see how God has created seven heavens in layers, placing in them the moon for a light and the sun for a lantern? God has made you spring from the earth like a plant, and He will return you into it and then bring you out again.

Xudo sizlar uchun yerni keng yoyib qo'ydi, toki uning keng yo'llarida yurasizlar (13-20-oyatlar)

God has made the earth a vast expanse for you, so that you may walk along its spacious paths(Verses 13-20)

Insonlar qalbida Xudoning xabari birligi haqidagi bu haqiqatni mustahkamlash musulmon jamoasi uchun ayniqsa muhimdir. U musulmonlarga o'z xabarlarining haqiqatini tushunishga va ular insoniyat tarixining eng ilk davridan boshlab davom etib kelgan uzun imonlilar silsilasidan kelib chiqqanliklarini anglashga yordam beradi. Shuningdek, u ularga bu xabarni targ'ib qilishdagi vazifalari haqida xabar beradi, bu xabar esa insonning hayoti uchun Xudo belgilagan qonunni o'zida mujassam etadi.

Establishing this truth about the unity of Gods message in the hearts of the Muslim community is particularly important. It helps Muslims to understand the truth of their message and that they descend from a long line of believers starting from the very early days of humanity. It also tells them of their role in advocating this message, which embodies the code God has laid down for human life.

Xudoning elchilarining (ularning barchasiga tinchlik ato etsin) gunohga botgan insoniyatga hidoyat ko'rsatish yo'lidagi buyuk sa'y-harakatlariga nazar tashlaganimizda, va Xudoning irodasi bilan ular bu maqsad uchun birin-ketin yuborilganini o'ylaganimizda, biz hayratdan lol qolmasligimiz mumkin emas.

When we look at the great efforts exerted by Gods messengers (peace be upon them all) in presenting guidance to a stubbornly erroneous humanity, and consider that it has been Gods will to send them, one after another, for this purpose, we should be nothing less than overwhelmed.

Shuni so'rash mumkinki, Nuh alayhissalomning davridan tortib Muhammad ﷺ davrigacha bo'lgan uzoq mehnatlar va olijanob qurbonliklar, shuningdek, ular orasida va undan keyin Allohning xabariga ishongan mo'minlar tomonidan ko'rsatilgan mehnat va qurbonliklar natijalarni oqlaydimi? Shunga qaramay, bunday mehnat va qurbonliklar masxara va haqoratlarga duch kelgan holda doimiy ravishda ko'rsatilib kelindi. Haqiqatan ham, ba'zi elchilar olovda yondirilish xavfiga duch keldilar yoki arra bilan ikki bo'lakka kesildilar yoki vatanlarini tark etib, oilalarini tashlab qochishga majbur bo'ldilar. Oxirgi xabar berilganda, Muhammad ﷺ va unga ergashganlar uni qaror toptirish uchun zo'r kuch sarfladilar. O'shandan beri mo'minlar tomonidan yana ko'plab mehnatlar va qurbonliklar ko'rsatilib kelinmoqda. Savol shundaki, natijalar bunday mehnat va qurbonliklarni oqlaydimi? Bu kurashni davom ettirish kerakmi? Insoniyat shunday ilohiy g'amxo'rlikka loyiqmi?

One may well ask whether the results have justified such long efforts and noble sacrifices, from Noahs early time through to Muhammad’s own time, as well as the intervening and subsequent efforts and sacrifices made by believers in Gods message. Nonetheless such efforts and sacrifices have continuously been made and this in the face of ridicule and abuse. Indeed some messengers faced burning in the fire or were cut in halves with a saw, or had to flee their homeland and abandon their families. When the final message was given, the Prophet Muhammad and those who followed him made strenuous efforts to establish it. Further efforts and sacrifices have been made by believers ever since. The question is, then whether the results justify such efforts and sacrifices? Should this struggle be maintained? Does humanity deserve such divine care?

Ushbu ahamiyatsiz mavjudot — inson, shunchalik manmanlik va o‘jar bo‘lib, haqiqatga hamon qarshilik ko‘rsatadigan — Allohning ketma-ket elchilarni yuborishi orqali namoyon bo‘ladigan bunday g‘amxo‘rlikka loyiqmi?

Does this insignificant creature called man, so arrogant and stubborn that he still resists the truth, deserve such care from God manifested in sending messenger after messenger?