3-bobda muhokama qilingan parcha shunday xulosa bilan yakunlangan edi: yolg'iz Alloh barcha mavjudotlarining taqdirini belgilovchi Zotdir. U xohlaganича ularga o'z marhamatini ato etadi yoki ularni jazolaydi. Ular Undan tashqari sig'inadigan ilohlarning esa ularga yetgan zararni daf etishga yoki uni boshqalarga ko'chirishga hech qanday qudrati yo'q. Ular ojizdirlar.

The passage discussed in Chapter 3 concluded with a statement making clear that God alone is the One who determines the destiny of all His creatures. He bestows His grace on them or punishes them as He pleases. The deities they worship beside Him have no power to remove harm from them or to shift it to others. They are powerless.

Ushbu parcha butun insoniyatning oxirgi taqdiri haqida bo‘lib, u Xudoning adolati bilan belgilanadi. Barcha shaharlar va jamoalar Qiyomat kunidan oldin o‘lim tatiydi, garchi ba’zilari Xudoning jazosiga loyiq biror narsani qilsa, qandaydir halokatga uchrashi mumkin. Shunday qilib, har bir jonzot o‘z hayotining oxiriga yetadi – yo tabiiy o‘lim bilan, yo halokat bilan.

The present passage speaks about the ultimate destiny of all mankind, as it is determined by God’s justice. All cities and communities will suffer death before the Day of Judgement, although some may suffer a doom of some sort should they incur something that deserves God’s punishment. Thus, every living creature will have come to its life’s end, either by natural death or by destruction.

Sūra mazmunining ayrim jamoalar boshiga tushgan halokat doirasida, shunday halokatdan oldin o‘tgan payg‘ambarlar qo‘lida ro‘y bergan mo‘jizalar zikr etiladi. Bu Muhammad ﷺ paygʻambarning xabari kelishidan oldin shunday edi. Yakuniy xabar kelishi bilan bunday mo‘jizalar va g‘ayritabiiy hodisalar bekor qilindi. Oldingi jamoalarga tegishli qonun shunda edi: ular bunday mo‘jizalar berilganidan keyin haqiqatni inkor etsalar, muqarrar halokatga va yo‘q bo‘lib ketishga duchor bo‘lar edilar. Ammo Alloh taolo marhamati bilan musulmon ummatiga to‘liq halokat solinishi lozim emas edi. Shuning uchun Muhammad ﷺ paygʻambarga hech qanday moddiy mo‘jiza berilmadi. Bunday mo‘jizalar oldingi jamoalarning qalbiga Alloh qo‘rquvini solish uchun berilgan edi.

Within the context of the destruction suffered by some communities, the sūrah mentions the miracles accomplished at the hands of earlier messengers ahead of such destruction. This was the case prior to the message of the Prophet Muĥammad (peace be upon him). Such miracles and supernatural events were excluded with the advent of this final message. The law that applied to earlier communities meant that they suffered inevitable doom and destruction when they denied the truth after having received such miracles. But complete destruction was, by God’s grace, not to be visited on the Muslim community. Therefore, the Prophet Muĥammad was not given any material miracle. Such miracles were given to strike the fear of God into the hearts of earlier communities.

Qiyomat kunidan oldin halok qilmaydigan yoki qattiq azobga duchor qilmaydigan hech bir jamoa yo‘q. Bu Bizning hukmimizda yozib qo‘yilgan. (58-oyat)

There is no community but We shall destroy or severely punish before the Day of Resurrection. That is laid down in Our decree. (Verse 58)

Alloh taolo Qiyomat kuni yer yuzida hech bir jonzot qolmagan paytda yuz berishini belgilab qo‘ygan. Va’da qilingan o‘sha kun kelishidan oldin barcha tirik mavjudotlar halok bo‘ladi. Shuningdek, Alloh taolo ba’zi jamoalarga ular sodir etgan gunohlari uchun azob chekishni belgilagan. Bu shubha-gumonga yo‘l qoldirmaydigan Alloh taoloning ilmining bir qismidir. Alloh taolo kelajakni xuddi hozirgini bilganidek biladi.

God has determined that the Day of Judgement will take place when the face of the earth is devoid of all life. Every living thing will have died before that promised day falls due. God has also determined that some communities will be made to suffer punishment for the sins they commit. This is part of God’s knowledge which admits no uncertainty. God knows the future in the same way as He knows the present.

Darhaqiqat, o'tmishda sodir bo'lgan va kelajakda sodir bo'ladigan narsalar Alloh taolo uchun baravar ma'lumdir.

Indeed what has taken place in the past and what will take place in the future are equally known to God.

Geçmişda Allohning elchilari tomonidan targʻib qilingan xabarlarni tasdiqlash va odamlarni ularni rad etishdan ogohlantirish uchun moʻjizaviy voqealar yuz bergan. Bunday rad etish butun jamoaning jazolanishiga sabab boʻlgan. Biroq faqat qalblari va aqllari haqiqat xabariga ochiq boʻlganlargina iymon keltirganlar.

Miraculous events took place in the past in order to endorse the messages preached by God’s messengers, and to warn people against rejecting them. Such rejection ensured that the whole community was punished. Yet only those whose hearts and minds were receptive to the message of the truth declared their belief.

Qalblari qattiq bo‘lganlar Xudoning xabarlarini va o‘z davrlarida yuz bergan mo‘jizaviy voqealarni inkor etdilar. Shuning uchun oxirgi xabar bunday tabiatdan tashqari voqea bilan kelmadi: «Oldingi xalqlar ularni yolg‘on deb bilganlari bundan bizni to‘sadi, xolos. Samudga biz ko‘zlarini ochish uchun tuya-mo‘jizani berdik, lekin ular u hақida zulm qildilar. Biz mo‘jizalarni faqat ogohlantirish uchun yuboramiz». (59-oyat)

Those with hardened hearts denied God’s messages and the miraculous events that took place during their time. Hence the final message was not accompanied by any such preternatural event: “Nothing hinders Us from sending miraculous signs except that the people of former times treated them as false. To the Thamūd We gave the she-camel as a sign to open their eyes, but they did wrong in respect of her. We never send signs for any purpose other than to give warning.” (Verse 59)

Payg'ambarga ko'rsatilgan vahiy unga oldin ma'lum bo'lmagan butun bir olamni o'z ichiga olgan edi. Ushbu vahiyga ishora qiluvchi oyat, shuningdek, Shaytonga ergashganlar do'zaxda yeydigan taomni beradigan la'natlangan daraxt haqida ham so'z yuritadi. Surada buning ortidan shayton insonlarni yo'ldan ozdirish bilan tahdid qilayotgan tasvir keltiriladi.

The vision the Prophet was shown included a complete world that he had not known before. The verse that refers to this vision also mentions the accursed tree which provides the food eaten in hell by those who follow Satan. The sūrah follows this with an image in which we see the devil threatening to seduce human beings.

"Biz farishtalarga: «Odam oldida sajda qiling», deganimizda, ular barchasi sajda qildilar; faqat Iblis bundan mustasno edi. U: «Men loydan yaratgan zotingga sajda qilamanmi?» dedi. Va yana qo'shib dedi: «Mana, Sen bunga mendan ustun qilganing bu zot! Agar Sen meni Qiyomat kunigacha muhlat bersang, uning avlodlaridan ozchiligidan tashqari barchasini o'z ixtiyorimga olaman». (Xudo) dedi: «Ket! Ulardan senga ergashganlarning jazosi — jahannam bo'ladi, sizlarning hammangizga to'la jazo».

When We said to the angels, ‘Prostrate yourselves before Adam,’ they all prostrated themselves; but not so Iblīs. He said, Am I to bow down before one whom You have created out of clay?’ And he added: ‘You see this being whom You have exalted above me! Indeed, if You will give me respite until the Day of Resurrection, I shall bring his descendants, all but a few, under my sway’ [God] said: Begone! As for those of them who follow you, hell will be the recompense of you all, a most ample recompense.

Ularning ichidan qodir bo'lganingni ovozing bilan chorla. Ularga qarshi otliq va piyoda qo'shiningni safarbar qil, ular bilan mol-dunyo va bolalarda sherik bo'l, ularga va'dalar ber. Shaytonning ularga bergan va'dalari esa aldashdan boshqa narsa emas. «Mening bandalarim ustida sening hech qanday hukmronliging bo'lmaydi. Robbing esa vakil bo'lib yetarlidir».

Entice with your voice such of them as you can. Muster against them all your cavalry and your infantry, and share with them wealth and offspring, and promise them [what you will] — indeed, whatever Satan promises them is nothing but a means of deception. But over My servants you shall have no power. Your Lord is sufficient as a Guardian.’ (Verses 61-65)

Shunday qilib, adashganlarning munosabatining haqiqiy sababi ochib berilmoqda. Bu insoniyatga adashib qolmaslik uchun ehtiyot bo'lish haqida ogohlantirishdir. Ular bu yerda Iblisni ko'radilar — ularning dushmanini va barcha insonlarning otasi bo'lmish Odamning dushmanini — ularni haqiqatdan chalg'itish bilan tahdid qilayotganini. Bu uning ularni adashtirish uchun qat'iy harakatidir:

Shayton insonlarga faqat yomonlik keltirishga intiladi, shunga qaramay, uning vasvasalariga quloq solib, uning xohishini bajaradigan va Xudoning hidoyatidan yuz o‘giradigan kishilar bor. Xudo ularga doim rahmlidir: ularga yordam, qo‘llab-quvvatlash va hidoyat beradi, ularning hayotini yengillashtiradi, zarar-zahmatdan asraydi, qayg‘u-alamlarini ketkazadi va ularning azob-uqubatlarini yengillashtirishni so‘rab Unga duo qilganlarida, ijobat etadi. Ammo bularning barchasiga qaramay, ular yuz o‘giradilar, Uni va Ulardan yuborilgan xabarni inkor etadilar:

Satan tries to inflict only evil on mankind, yet there are those who listen to his temptations and do his bidding, turning their backs on God’s guidance. God is always merciful to them, provides them with help, support and guidance, facilitates their living, saves them from harm, removes their distress and responds to them when they pray to Him to lift their suffering and hardship. Yet despite all this, they turn away, denying Him and the message He has sent them:

Sizning Rabbingiz — O'zi dengizda kemalarni sizlar uchun yurishli qiladigan Zotdir, toki Uning fazlidan (rizq) izlashingiz uchun. Albatta, U sizlarga nisbatan juda mehribondir. Dengizda sizlarga zarar yetganida esa, Undan o'zga chaqirgan barcha narsalaringiz yo'qolib ketadi. Faqat O'zi qoladi.

Your Lord is He who makes ships go smoothly through the sea, so that you may go about in quest of His bounty. He is indeed most merciful to you. And when you are in distress at sea, all those you may call upon to help you will forsake you, except Him.

Lekin U sizni quruqlikka omon olib chiqqach, yana yuz o‘giradi. Albatta, inson nihoyatda noshukr bo‘lgan!

Yet when He has brought you safe to dry land, you turn away. Indeed, bereft of all gratitude is man! (Verses 66-67)

Bu sura dengizdagi qiyin holatni tasvirlab, qiyin paytlarga misol sifatida keltiradi.

The sūrah portrays this scene of distress at sea by way of an example of hard times.

Dengizda odamlar Xudoning yordamiga muhtoj ekanliklarini ancha tezroq va o‘tkirroq anglaydilar. Ular foydalanadigan har qanday qayiq yoki kema cheksiz katta dengiz yuzasidagi bir parcha yog‘och yoki metalldan boshqa narsa emas. U turli yo‘nalishlarda harakatlanadigan shamollar va oqimlarga bo‘ysunadi. Ular o‘sha kichik maydonda, ya’ni kemalarida hayotga tutunadilar, va bu kema boshqa hamma narsadan ko‘ra Xudoning himoyasiga ko‘proq muhtoj.

At sea, people realize much more quickly and keenly that they cannot do without God’s help. Any boat or ship they use is no more than a little spot of wood or metal on the surface of an endless great sea. It is subject to the winds and currents that travel in different directions. They cling to life over this little spot, their vessel, which needs God’s care more than anything else.

Alloh insonni sharaflagan va uni O‘z mahlūqotlarining ko‘pchiligidan afzal qilib qo‘ygan. U insonni aynan shu tarzda yaratib, unga ikki narsaning xususiyatlarini jamlagan tabiat bergan: undan yaratilgan loy va unga puflangan ruh. Shunday qilib, insonning tuzilishida osmon va yer unsurlari birlashgan. Alloh insonni yana shunday qobiliyatlar bilan sharaflaganki, bu qobiliyatlar uni yer ustida hukmronlik qilishga, unda faol harakat qilib, o‘zgarishlar yaratishga qodir qiladi. Shuning uchun inson yangi narsalarni vujudga keltiradi va ishlab chiqaradi, narsalarni bir-biriga bog‘laydi hamda murakkab masalalarni tahlil qilib, hayotni erishish mumkin bo‘lgan eng yuqori darajaga ko‘taradi.

God has honoured mankind, favouring the human race over many of His creatures. He honoured man when He created him in this particular fashion, giving him a nature that combines the characteristics of clay, from which he was made, and the spirit that was breathed into him. Thus he combines elements of heaven and earth in his constitution. God has also honoured man by placing in Op his nature such faculties that make him able to take charge of the earth, able to be active and make changes in it. Thus human beings initiate and produce new things, combine things together and analyse complex matters in order to elevate life to the highest standard attainable.

Xudo insonni, tabiatdagi kuchlarni uning irodasi va sa'y-harakatiga bo'ysundirib, koinotda ishlayotgan boshqa tabiiy kuchlarni esa unga foydali qilib qo'yish orqali ham sharaflagan. Xudoning insonga bergan sharafining yana bir jihati uni birinchi marta yaratilganda kutib olinishida ko'rinadi. Bu shunday kutib olish ediki, unda farishtalar hurmat ishorasi sifatida sajda qilishgan, chunki Xudoning o'zi insonning sharaflanishi lozimligini e'lon qilgan edi. Keyin esa qo'shimcha sharaf keladi: Xudo o'zining yuqoridan nozil qilingan, qiyomatgacha o'zgarishsiz saqlanishini kafolatlagan kitobida insonga sharafli o'rin berilganini bayon qiladi.

God has also honoured man by making natural forces on earth subservient to his will and endeavour, and by making other natural forces operating in the universe helpful to him. A further aspect of the honour God has given man is seen in the reception given him when he was first created. It was a reception in which the angels prostrated themselves in a gesture of respect, because God Himself declared that man is to be honoured. Then there comes the additional honour when God states in His book, sent down from on high and which He guaranteed to remain intact for the rest of time, that man is given a position of honour.

Biz Odam farzandlarini albatta sharaflaganmiz, ularni quruqlikda va dengizda tashiganmiz, ularga pokiza rizqlardan ro'zi bergenmiz va ularni yaratganlarimizning ko'pchiligidan ancha afzal qilganmiz. (70-oyat)

We have indeed honoured the children of Adam, and borne them over land and sea, and provided for them sustenance out of the good things of life, and favoured them far above many of Our creatures. (Verse 70)