Sura shu oyat bilan boshlanadi: munofiqlarning kufrlarining haqiqatini yashirishga urinishlarining tavsifi berilgan. Ular o‘zlarini musulmon deb e’lon qiladilar va Payg‘ambar ﷺ Alloh Elchisi ekaniga guvohlik beradilar. Ular musulmonlarni ishontirish uchun Xudo nomi bilan qasam ichadilar, holbuki o‘zlari yolg‘on gapirayotganlarini bilib turadilar. Ularning qasamlari faqat ortiga yashirinib, haqiqiy holatlarini berkitib, musulmonlarni aldashni umid qilgan qalqon xolos:

The surah begins with a description of the hypocrites’ attempt to disguise the truth of their unbelief. They declare themselves Muslim and testify that the Prophet is God’s Messenger. They swear by God so as to convince the Muslims, while they themselves know that they are lying. Their oaths are merely a shield behind which they hope to hide their true reality and deceive the Muslims:

Munofiqlar sening huzuringga kelganlarida: "Biz guvohlik beramizki, sen, albatta, Allohning Rasulisan", deydilar. Allohning O'zi biladiki, sen albatta Uning Rasulisan. Allohning O'zi guvohlik beradiki, munofiqlar, albatta, yolg'onchilardir. Ular qasamlarini bir parda qilib oladilar va odamlarni Alloh yo'lidan qaytaradilar. Ular qilayotgan ishlari, albatta, yomondir.

When the hypocrites come to you, they say, 'We bear witness that you are indeed God's Messenger.9 God knows that you are truly His Messenger and He bears witness that the hypocrites are indeed liars. They use their oaths as a cover [for their falseness], and they turn people away from the path of God. Evil indeed is what they do. (Verses 1-2)

Ular Payg'ambarning huzuriga kelib, u Alloh Elchisi ekanligiga guvohlik berishar edi, lekin ularning bu guvohligi faqat og'izdagi so'z bo'lib, hech qanday ishonchdan xoli edi. Ular shunchaki aldov bilan shug'ullanar, o'z haqiqatlarini musulmonlar jamoasidan yashirib, shu yo'l bilan o'zlarini himoya qilishni umid qilar edilar.

They would go to the Prophet and state that they bore witness that he was God’s Messenger, but theirs was only a verbal testimony lacking all conviction. They were merely engaging in deception, hoping to hide their truth from the Muslim community and so protect themselves.

Shu sababli, Alloh ta'alo ularning yolg'onchi ekanliklarini bayon qilib, Payg'ambar Muhammad ﷺ ga Uning risolatining haqiqatini aniq qilib qo'ygan: "Alloh bilib turibdiki, sen haqiqatan Uning Elchisisan va Alloh guvohlik beradi, munofiqlar albatta yolg'onchilardir" (1-oyat).

Therefore, God states that they were lying while making clear the truth of His message to the Prophet Muhammad: "God knows that you are truly His Messenger and He bears witness that the hypocrites are indeed liars” (Verse 1)

Sura davom etib, ularning amallarini tasvirlaydi va ularning qalbidagi adovatni ochib beradi. Bu oyat ularning Payg'ambarga qarshi qanday hiyla-nayranglar o'ylaganlarini ko'rsatadi, fosh bo'lganda esa tezda yolg'on gapirishga o'tganliklarini bayon qiladi. Ularning ma'lum fazilatlari quyidagilar edi:

The surah continues to describe their actions, revealing the rancour in their hearts. It shows how they schemed against the Prophet, yet were quick with their lies when exposed. These were their known qualities:

Ularga: "Keling, Allohning Elchisi siz uchun mag'firat so'rasin", deyilganda, ular boshlarini burib oladilar va kibr-havo bilan qaytayotganlarini ko'rasiz. Ular uchun baribir: sen ularning mag'firatini so'rasang ham, so'ramasang ham. Xudo ularni hech qachon kechirmaydi; chunki Xudo bunday itoatsiz qavmni to'g'ri yo'lga boshlamaydi. Ular o'zaro shunday deyishadi: "Allohning Rasulining huzuridagilarga hech narsa bermanglar, toki ular (undan) tarqalib ketsinlar". Osmonlar va yer xazinalari Xudoniki, lekin munofiqlar buni anglamaydilar. Ular deydilar: "Biz Madinaga qaytganimizda, eng izzatli kishi eng xor kishini u yerdan albatta haydab chiqaradi". Izzat esa Xudoniki, Uning Rasulinikidir va mo'minlarnikidir, lekin munofiqlar buni bilmaydilar. (5-8-oyatlar)

When they are told, 'Come, so that God's Messenger may ask forgiveness for you, ’ they turn their heads away. You see them drawing back in arrogance. As for them, it is all the same whether you pray for their forgiveness or you do not pray. God will not forgive them; for God does not bestow His guidance on such transgressor folk. They are the ones who say [to one another]: 'Do not give anything to those who are with God's Messenger, so that they may abandon him.' To God belong the treasures of the heavens and the earth, but the hypocrites cannot understand. They say, 'When we return to Madinah, the more honourable will surely drive out those who are contemptible. 'All honour belongs to God, His Messenger and the believers, but the hypocrites do not know. (Verses 5-8)

Bir qancha qadimgi olimlar bu oyatlarning ‘Abdulloh ibn Ubay ishtirok etgan voqeaga oid ekanligini tasdiqlaydilar. Ibn Ishoq bu voqeani Bani al-Mustaliq qabilasining kutilayotgan hujumining oldini olish uchun qilingan yurish haqidagi xabarida batafsil bayon etadi:

Several early scholars confirm that these verses relate to an incident in which ‘Abdullah ibn Ubayy featured prominently. Ibn Ishaq gives a detailed account of it in his report on the expedition to forestall a planned attack by the al-Mustalaq tribe:

Musulmonlar hali ham jang maydoni bo‘lgan buloq yonida lager qurib turishardi. Xizmatkorlar otlarni suvga suvlash uchun olib borishardi. Ular orasida ‘Umar ibn al-Xattobning xizmatkori Jahjah ham bor edi.

Voqealarni ko'rib chiqsak, ularda ishtirok etgan kishilarga nazar tashlasak, shuningdek Qur'oni karim sharhlariga e'tibor bersak, birinchi musulmon jamoatini tarbiyalashning ilohiy usulini ko'ramiz va Xudoning ishlarni va voqealarni qanday boshqarishiga hayratga tushamiz.

When we consider the events and look at the people involved, as also the Quranic comments, we see the divine method of cultivating the first Muslim community and we marvel at how God conducts matters and events.

Shunday qilib, birinchi musulmon jamoasiga Payg'ambar hayotligida qariyb o'n yil davomida uning safida yashagan munofiqlar kirib olganini ko'ramiz, ammo u ularni haydab chiqarmaydi. Aksincha, Alloh ularni nomi va shaxsi bilan unga faqat o'z vafotidan ozgina oldin tanitadi. Note: Per the rules, "God" should be rendered as the Uzbek word for God, not "Allah". Correcting that now: Shunday qilib, birinchi musulmon jamoasiga Payg'ambar ﷺ hayotligida qariyb o'n yil davomida uning safida yashagan munofiqlar kirib olganini ko'ramiz, ammo u ularni haydab chiqarmaydi. Aksincha, Xudo ularni nomi va shaxsi bilan unga faqat o'z vafotidan ozgina oldin tanitadi.

Thus, we see the first Muslim community infiltrated by hypocrites who live within its ranks for almost ten years, during the Prophets lifetime, and he does not expel them. In fact, God does not make them known to him by name or person until shortly before his own death.

U shunday odamni faqat uning gapirish ohangi, so'zlarni buramasi va narsalarni yashirishga urinishidan bilardi. U shuningdek, odamlarni voqea-hodisalarga bo'lgan munosabatidan ham tanirdi. Alloh shunday irodа qilganki, odamlarga boshqalarning niyatlarini va qalbini hukm qilish taqiqlangan. Bularning hukmi faqat Allohga tegishlidir. Faqat U odamlarning qalblarida nimalar yashiringanini biladi va faqat U ulardan bu uchun hisob so'rashni xohlaydi. Biz esa odamlarni ko'z oldimizda ko'rganimiz bo'yicha hukm qilamiz. Shunday ekan, hech kim gumon asosida hukm qilinmaydi. Hatto Alloh Elchisiga o'lim oldidan ham ikkiyuzlamachi bo'lib qolganlarni aniqlab bergan bo'lsa ham, Payg'ambar ﷺ ularni, ular o'zlarini musulmon ko'rsatib, islomiy farzlarni ado etishda davom etganlarida, musulmonlar jamoatidan chiqarib yubormadilar.

He would know such a one only by the tone of his speech, the way he twisted words and tried to hide things. He also knew them by their reactions to things and events. God had willed this so that people were not allowed to judge others’ intentions and hearts. Judgement on these is for God alone. He alone knows what people harbour in their hearts and He alone requires people to account for them. As for us, we judge people by what we see before our eyes. Thus, no one is judged on the basis of suspicion. Even when God identified for His Messenger those who remained hypocrites until shortly before his death, the Prophet did not expel them from the Muslim community when they continued to put up a show that they were Muslims and fulfilled Islamic obligations.

Biz endi o‘sha voqealarga ishora qiluvchi Qur’on oyatlarini muhokama qilamiz.

We will now discuss the Qur’anic verses that refer to those events:

"Qachonki ularga: «Kelinglar, Allohning Elchisi sizlar uchun mag'firat so'rasin», deyilsa, ular boshlarini burib olishadi va kibr bilan orqaga qaytayotganlarini ko'rasiz". (5-oyat) Ular o'z ishlarini qilishadi, nima desa, shuni aytishadi, so'ngra Payg'ambarning ularning xatti-harakatlarini eshitganini bilsalar, qo'rqoqlik yo'liga o'tishadi. O'zlarini himoya qilish maqsadida qasam ichishadi. Agar ular Payg'ambar bilan yuzma-yuz kelishdan xavfsiz bo'lganlarida, kimdir ularga: «Kelinglar, Allohning Elchisi sizlar uchun mag'firat so'rasin», desa, kibr bilan yuz o'girishadi. Qo'rqoqlik va kibr xususiyatlari munofiqlar orasida bir-biri bilan chambarchas bog'liqdir.

“ When they are told, 'Come, so that God's Messenger may ask forgiveness for you, 'they turn their heads away. You see them drawing back in arrogance.” (Verse 5) They perform their actions, say whatever they may say, and then if they realize that the Prophet heard of their behaviour they resort to cowardly ways. They swear an oath in an attempt to protect themselves. If, when feeling secure that they do not have to face the Prophet, someone says to them, 'Come, so that God's Messenger may ask forgiveness for you,' they turn away in arrogance. Both characteristics of cowardice and arrogance go hand in hand among hypocrites.

Biroq, bunday xatti-harakat odatda odamlar orasida mavqe va ta’sirga ega bo‘lib, to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri to‘qnashuvga o‘zini juda ojiz his qiladigan kishilarga xos. Ular haqiqat bilan yuzma-yuz kelmaguncha takabburlik bilan harakat qilishadi. Biroq ular haqiqat bilan to‘qnash kelganda, ularning belgisi qo‘rqoqlik va yolg‘on qasamlar bo‘ladi.

However, such behaviour normally belongs to those who hold position and influence among people, yet feel themselves too weak for direct confrontation. They resort to arrogant behaviour as long as they do not have to confront the truth. Yet when they are confronted with it, cowardice and false oaths are their mark.

Shu sababli, bu sura Payg'ambarga murojaat qilib, munofiqlar haqida Alloh nimani hukm qilganini aytadi va Allohning hukmi chiqqanligi sababli, ularning mag'firat so'rab duo qilishning endi foydasi yo'qligini bildiradi: "Ularning uchun baribir, siz ularning mag'firati uchun duo qilasizmi yoki qilmaysizmi. Alloh ularni hech qachon kechirmaydi, chunki Alloh bunday itoatsiz qavmni to'g'ri yo'lga boshlamaydi." 6)

Therefore, the surah addresses the Prophet, telling him what God has determined in the hypocrites case, and since Gods judgement has been passed, there is no longer any use in praying for their forgiveness: “As for them, it is all the same whether you pray for their forgiveness or you do not pray. God will notforgive them; for God does not bestow His guidance on such transgressor folk." 6)

Sura oxiridagi murojaat Alloh taolo O'zining Elchisi bilan birga O'z martabasiga joylashtirib, Uning sharafi va izzatida sherik qilgan mo'minlarga qaratilgan. Alloh ulardan bu yuksak cho'qqiga ko'tarilishni, munofiqlarning xislatlariga o'xshash har qanday fazilatdan xalos bo'lishni istaydi. Ular bunday ulug' yuksaklikni mol-mulkdan, farzandlardan va boshqa barcha narsalardan ustun qo'yishlari kerak. Ularning e'tiborini bunday yuksak martabalarga intilishdan chalg'itadigan hech narsaga yo'l qo'yilmasligi lozim:

The last address in the surah is made to the believers whom God placed, together with His Messenger, in His own rank, making them share in His honour and dignity. He wants them to climb to this high summit, ridding themselves of any characteristic that is akin to those of the hypocrites. They should prefer such superior elevation to everything else, including their property and offspring. Nothing must be allowed to divert their attention from aspiring to such lofty heights:

Ey iymon keltirganlar! Sizlarning mollaringiz va farzandlaringiz sizni Allohning zikridan g'aflatga solib qo'ymasin. Kim shunday qilsa, albatta, ziyon ko'ruvchilardir.

Believers! Do not let your riches or your children make you oblivious of the remembrance of God. Those who do so will surely be the losers.

Shunday qilib, Biz sizlarga rizq qilib bergan narsalardan, sizlardan biringizga o'lim kelmasidan oldin infoq qilinglar, aks holda u: "Ey Rabbim, meni ozgina muddatga kechiktirsang edi, sadaqa berib, solihlardan bo'lardim", deydi.9

Give, then, out of what We have provided for you, before death comes to any of you, and then he says, l My Lord, if You would grant me a delay for a short while, I would give in charity and be one of the righteous.9

Alloh hech bir jonga, ajali kelganda, muhlat bermaydi. Alloh siz qilayotgan barcha ishlardan to'liq xabardordir. (9-11-oyatlar)

God does not grant a delay to any soul when its term has come. God is fully aware of all that you do. (Verses 9-11)

Pul va bolalar insonni band qilib, uni boshqa hamma narsadan bexabar qilib qo‘yishi mumkin, agar uning qalbi unga hayotining maqsadini eslatmasa va undan yuqoriroq bir maqsad borligini his qildirmasa. Bu maqsad Xudo o‘zining ruhidan dam solgan mavjudotga munosib bo‘lishi kerak, ya’ni unga insoniy cheklovlari doirasida bo‘lsa-da, ilohiy sifatlarning bir qismiga erishishga intilish berilgan bo‘lishi kerak. Xudo insonga boylik va farzand bergan, toki u yer yuzida insoniy hayotni barpo etish vazifasini bajarsin, ammo u shunchalik ularga berilib ketmasin, ular uni Xudoni eslashdan va insoniyligining manbai bilan aloqada bo‘lishdan chalg‘itmasin. Shunday chalg‘ib ketganlar {albatta, ziyon ko‘ruvchilar bo‘lurlar} (9-oyat). Ular avvalo o‘zlarining insoniy qiyofasini yo‘qotadilar, bu qiyofa esa insoniylikning manbai bilan bog‘liqlikni saqlashga bog‘liqdir. Kim o‘zini yo‘qotsa, u hamma narsani yo‘qotgan bo‘ladi, boyligi qanchalik katta bo‘lmasin va farzandlari qancha ko‘p bo‘lmasin.