Fotir — Yaratuvchi (Barcha mavjudotni shakllantiruvchi) 9-14
Fatir The Originator ( Fashioning All Creation ) 9-14
Xudo shamollarni yuboradi, ular bulutlarni ko‘taradi va Biz ularni o‘lik yerga haydaymiz hamda o‘lib qolgan yerni shu bilan qayta tiriltiramiz. Qiyomat ham shunday bo‘ladi. (9)
It is God who sends forth the winds, so that they raise clouds, and We drive them to a dead land and thereby give life to the earth after it had been lifeless. Thus shall resurrection be. (9)
Kim qudrat va izzatni istasa, bilsinki, butun qudrat va izzat faqat Allohga tegishlidir. Unga barcha yaxshi so'zlar ko'tariladi va U yaxshi amalni yuksaltiradi. Yomonlik rejalashtirganlarni esa og'ir azob kutmoqda. Ularning barcha rejalari behuda ketadi. (10)
Whoever desires might and glory should know that all might and glory belong to God alone. To Him ascends all good words, and He exalts the good deed. For those who plot evil there is severe suffering in store. All their plotting will come to nothing. (10)
Aynan Alloh sizlarni avval tuproqdan, so‘ngra nutfadan yaratgan, keyin esa sizlarni juft-juft (erkak va urg‘ochi) qilgandir. Hech bir urg‘ochi Uning bilimisiz homilador bo‘lmaydi va tuqmaydi. Hech kim uzoq umr ko‘rmaydi yoki umri qisqartirilmaydi, faqat bu Uning qazosida shunday yozilgan bo‘lsa. Bularning barchasi Alloh uchun oson.
It is God who creates you all out of dust, then out of a gamete. He then makes you into pairs (males and females). No female conceives or gives birth without His knowledge. No one attains to old age or has his life cut short unless it be thus laid down in [God’s] decree. All this is easy for God.
(11)
(11)
Yer yuzidagi ikki buyuk suv havzasi bir-biriga o‘xshamaydi: biri shirin, tiniq va ichishga yoqimli, ikkinchisi esa sho‘r va achchiq. Shunga qaramay, ikkalasidan ham yangi go‘sht yeysiz va taqinchoq sifatida kiyish uchun zeb-ziynat chiqarasiz. Siz ularda kemalarni ham ko‘rasiz, ular suvni yorib boradi, shunda siz Uning fazlidan izlashingiz va shukr qilishingiz mumkin. (12)
The two great bodies of water on earth are not alike: one is palatable, sweet and pleasant to drink, and the other is salty and bitter. Yet from each you eat fresh meat and extract ornaments to wear. You also see there ships that plough their course through them so that you may go in quest of some of His bounty and be grateful. (12)
U'U kechani kunduzga, kunduzni kechaga aylantiradi; quyosh va oyni ham O'ziga bo'ysundirgan: har biri belgilangan muddatgacha o'z yo'lida harakat qiladi. Mana shu — sizning Rabbingiz bo'lgan Alloh emas, balki God, Unga mulk tegishli; Undan boshqa, siz ibodat qiladigan narsalar esa xurmo danagining pardasiga ham egalik qilmaydi. (13)
He causes the night to pass into the day, and the day to pass into the night; and He has made the sun and the moon subservient [to His laws], each running its course for an appointed term. Thus is God, your Lord: to Him belongs all dominion, while those whom you invoke instead of Him do not own even the skin of a date- stone. (13)
Agar siz ularga duo qilsangiz, ular sizning chaqiriqingizni eshita olmaydilar.
If you invoke them they cannot hear your call.
Ular eshitgan taqdirda ham, sizga javob bera olmas edilar. Qiyomat kuni ular sizning ularni Allohga sherik qilganingizni butunlay inkor etadilar.
Even if they could hear, they would not respond to you. On the Day of Resurrection they will utterly disown your having associated them with God.
Hech kim sizga Uni (Allohni) bilganidek ma'lumot bera olmaydi. (14)
None can give you information like the One who is all-aware. (14)
Umumiy ko'rinish
Overview
Ushbu uchinchi bo‘lim bizni buyuk olamda bir necha bosqich bo‘ylab olib boradi, bu yerda Qur’on turli hodisalar va tasvirlarni bayon qiladi, ular barchasi imonni tasdiqlaydi va unga qarshi bo‘lmas dalil bo‘lib xizmat qiladi. Bu avvalgi hidoyat va adashish haqidagi muhokamadan, hamda Payg‘ambarni tasalli berishdan kelib chiqadi, toki u kofirlarning doimiy rad etishidan qayg‘urmasin. Haqiqatni izlashni xohlagan kishi uchun uning dalillari olamning har bir joyida ulug‘vor aniqlik bilan mavjud. Adashishni tanlagan kishi esa shunday shubhasiz dalilga qarshi shunday qiladi.
This third section takes us on several rounds in the great universe where the Qur’ān depicts a variety of phenomena and imagery which all confirm faith and provide irrefutable proof in support of it. This follows from the earlier discussion about guidance and going astray, and comforting the Prophet so he would not grieve over the unbelievers’ constant rejection. Whoever wants to look for the truth, its evidence is available with glorious clarity everywhere in the universe. Anyone who chooses to go astray does so against such irrefutable evidence.
Jonsiz yerning hayotga qaytishi tasviri aniq dalil bo‘lib, u qayta tirilishni tasdiqlashga ham xizmat qiladi. Shunga o‘xshash dalilni insonning tuproqdan yaratilishi va biz biladigan darajada murakkab shaklga yetib kelishidan ham chiqarish mumkin. Uning yaratilishi va hayotining har bir bosqichi belgilangan o‘lchovlarga muvofiq kechadi. Biz ikki buyuk suv havzasining tasvirini ko‘ramiz: ular aniq ajralib turadi, shu bilan birga insonga cheksiz ne’matlar in’om qiladi, ular uchun u shukr qilishi kerak. Kecha va kunduz aylanish tarzida harakat qiladi, va doim biri ikkinchisiga kirib boradi, vaqt aylangan sari ular uzayadi yoki qisqaradi.
The image of life springing up from a dead land is clear evidence that also serves to confirm resurrection. Similar evidence can be deduced from man’s creation from dust and his progression to the highly sophisticated form we know. Every stage of his creation and life goes according to predetermined measures. We see the image of the two great bodies of water, clearly distinct, yet they provide man with endless blessings for which he should show gratitude. The night and day move in a cycle that always brings one into the other, and they get longer or shorter as time moves round.
Quyosh va oy ham xuddi shu aniq tizim doirasida boshqariladi. Bularning barchasi ulkan koinot sahnasi haqida dalil bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Hammasini yaratgan va boshqarayotgan Alloh emas, Xudo — Yaratuvchidir. Hamma narsa Unga tegishli. Kofirlar sig'inadigan soxta ilohlar esa hech narsaga egalik qilmaydi. Ular eshitmaydi va javob bermaydi. Qiyomat kuni ular hatto o'zlariga sig'inganlarni inkor qiladilar.
The sun and the moon are also controlled within the same accurate system. All these images provide evidence about the great universal stage. All are created and controlled by God. He owns it all. The false deities that unbelievers worship own nothing whatsoever. They neither hear nor respond. On the Day of Judgement they even disown the very people who worshipped them.
Barcha qudratning manbai
The Source Of All Power
Xudo shamollarni yuboradi, ular bulutlarni ko‘taradi va Biz ularni o‘lik yerga haydaymiz, shu bilan yerni uning o‘lganidan keyin tiriltiramiz. Qiyomat ham shunday bo‘ladi. (9-oyat)
It is God who sends forth the winds, so that they raise clouds, and We drive them to a dead land and thereby give life to the earth after it had been lifeless. Thus shall resurrection be. (Verse 9)
Bu hodisa koinotdan olingan dalillar kontekstida tez-tez zikr etiladi. U shamolning bulutlarni ko'tarishini ko'rsatadi. Darhaqiqat, issiq shamollar dengiz suvini bug'lantiradi, so'ngra atmosferadagi sovuq shamollar bug'ni kondensatsiyalab bulutlar hosil qiladi, keyin ular atmosferaning yuqori qatlamlaridagi shamollar tomonidan turli yo'nalishlarga haydaladi. So'ngra ular Alloh taolo ular uchun belgilagan manzilga yetib keladi, bu manzil bulutlar olib kelgan yomg'ir bilan jonlantirmoqchi bo'lgan o'lik yer bo'lishi mumkin. Darhaqiqat, suv bu sayyoradagi barcha hayotning manbaidir. "Biz bilan yer jonsiz bo'lib qolganidan keyin uni tiriltiramiz." Shunday qilib, mo''jiza yuz beradi. U har bir lahzada ro'y beradi, lekin odamlar uning ahamiyatidan bexabar qoladilar. Shunga qaramay, har bir lahzada hayotning unib chiqishidagi bu mo''jizaga qaramay, ular o'z atrofida ro'y berayotganini ko'rib turgan qayta tirilishni inkor etishda davom etadilar. Qur'oni karim oddiy va bahssiz ravishda shunday deydi: "Qayta tirilish ham shunday bo'ladi." Bu manzara Qur'oni karimda ikki sabab bilan tez-tez keltiriladi: birinchidan, u aniq, inkor etib bo'lmaydigan dalil beradi; ikkinchidan, odamlar unga to'siqsiz tafakkur qilganlarida, u ularning qalbi va ongiga kuchli ta'sir ko'rsatadi. Bundan tashqari, bu go'zal tasvirdir, ayniqsa bugun qurg'oqchil va jonsiz ko'rinadigan, keyin esa ertasi kuni hayotga to'lib-toshadigan cho'lda. Shu tarzda Qur'oni karim odamlar atrofida ko'radigan narsalardan ilhom oladi. Odamlar ularni odatlanganliklari tufayli e'tiborsiz qoldirishlari mumkin, ammo ular ularga hushyor aql va qalb bilan tafakkur qilganlarida, ularning qanchalik mo''jizaviy ekanligini tushunadilar.
This phenomenon is frequently mentioned within the context of evidence to the truth derived from the universe. It shows the wind raising clouds. In fact hot winds make sea water evaporate, then cold winds in the atmosphere condense the vapour making clouds which are then driven in different directions by winds in the upper strata of the atmosphere. Then they arrive at the destination God has determined for them, which may be a dead land which He wants to quicken by means of the rain carried by these clouds. Indeed, water is the source of all life on this planet. “We thereby give life to the earth after it was lifeless.” Thus the miracle occurs. It happens at every moment, but people are oblivious to its significance. Yet despite this miracle of life springing up at every moment, they continue to deny resurrection which they see happening in their world all about them. Simply and without argument, the Qur’ān says: “Thus shall be the resurrection.” This scene is used frequently in the Qur’ān for two reasons: first it provides tangible, undeniable evidence and secondly it has a strong influence on people’s hearts and minds when they contemplate it without hindrance. Moreover, it is a beautiful image, particularly in the desert, which looks barren and lifeless today, and then gushes with life the next. In this way the Qur’ān uses the inspiration of things people see all around them. They may ignore them because of familiarity, but when they contemplate them with an alert mind and heart, they appreciate just how miraculous they are.
Insonning yaratilishi
Man’s Creation
Suraning avvalida suv bilan barcha hayotning boshlanishi haqida so‘zlanganidan so‘ng, endi inson hayotining o‘ziga xos boshlanishi haqida gap boradi: homiladorlikdan boshlab, so‘ngra Olloh belgilagan darajada, uzoq yoki qisqa bo‘lishi mumkin bo‘lgan dunyodagi muddat haqida.
Having referred to the fact that all life starts with water, the sūrah now refers to the start of man’s own life, beginning with pregnancy and followed by a term in this world, which can be long or short as God determines:
Aytilgan so'zlar Qur'on oyatidir ({...}), shuning uchun ularni tarjima qilamiz, lekin ichki qavslar bilan ko'rsatmasdan, to'g'ridan-to'g'ri yozamiz. Oyatning o'zi (11-oyat) — tarjimasi: Alloh sizlarni avval tuproqdan, so'ng nutfadan yaratgan, keyin sizlarni juft-juft qilgan. Hech bir urg'ochi homilador bo'lmaydi va tug'maydi, faqat Uning ilmi bilan. Hech kimning umri uzoq bo'lmaydi yoki qisqartirilmaydi, faqat bu Uning Kitobida yozilgan bo'lsa. Bularning hammasi Alloh uchun oson. Note: The rules require "God" rather than "Allah," so the final Uzbek translation uses "Xudo" as follows: Xudo sizlarni avval tuproqdan, so'ng nutfadan yaratgan, keyin sizlarni juft-juft qilgan. Hech bir urg'ochi Xudoning bilimisiz homilador bo'lmaydi va tug'maydi. Hech kimning umri uzayib qolmaydi yoki qisqartirilmaydi, faqat bu Xudoning hukmida belgilangan bo'lsa. Bularning hammasi Xudo uchun oson.
It is God who creates you all out of dust, then out of a gamete. He then makes you into a couple. No female conceives or gives birth without His knowledge. No one attains to old age or has his life cut short unless it be thus laid down in [God’s] decree. All this is easy for God. (Verse 11)
Inson yaratilishining dastlabki asosi sifatida tuproqdan yaratilgani haqida Qur’onda tez-tez eslatiladi, shuningdek, homiladorlikni yuzaga keltiruvchi birinchi unsur, ya’ni urug‘ hujayra (gamete) ham shunday. Urug‘ hujayra hayot imkoniyatini o‘zida saqlasa-da, tuproqda hayotning hech qanday izi yo‘q. Birinchi mo‘jiza — hayotning o‘zidir va uning qayerdan kelganini, u dastlabki unsur bilan qanday aralashganini hech kim bilmaydi. Insoniyat nuqtayi nazaridan bu hali ham yopiq kitobdir. Shunga qaramay, bu hammamiz ko‘radigan va qabul qilib, tan olishdan boshqa iloj yo‘q bo‘lgan haqiqatdir. U hayot baxsh etuvchi Yaratuvchiga ishora qiluvchi dalil sifatida rad etib bo‘lmaydigan isbotdir.
Reference to man’s origin as a creature made from dust in the first place is often mentioned in the Qur’ān, as is the first element in producing a pregnancy, namely the gamete. While a gamete is something that carries the potential of life, dust has no trace of life. The first miracle is life’ itself, and no one knows where it came from or how it was mixed with the first element. This remains a closed book as far as humanity is concerned. Yet it is a fact we all see and have no option but to accept and recognize. The evidence it provides, pointing to the Creator who gives life, is irrefutable.
Turli suvlar
Different Waters
Surada keyin biz hammamiz ko'radigan boshqa bir hodisaga, ya'ni suvga va uning turlariga e'tibor qaratiladi. Suvning bir turi shirin va mazali, boshqa turi esa achchiq va sho'r bo'ladi. Ular Allohning irodasi bilan o'z yo'llariga ketadi yoki bir-biri bilan qo'shilib, insonning ehtiyojlariga xizmat qiladi: Note: the rules say to write "God" as the Uzbek word for God, never "Allah." The Uzbek equivalent for God is "Xudo," so the corrected translation is: Surada keyin biz hammamiz ko'radigan boshqa bir hodisaga, ya'ni suvga va uning turlariga e'tibor qaratiladi. Suvning bir turi shirin va mazali, boshqa turi esa achchiq va sho'r bo'ladi. Ular Xudoning irodasi bilan o'z yo'llariga ketadi yoki bir-biri bilan qo'shilib, insonning ehtiyojlariga xizmat qiladi:
The sūrah then focuses on a different phenomenon we all see, which is water and its varieties. One type of water is sweet and palatable while the other is bitter and salty. They go their separate ways, or meet together, by God’s will, serving man’s needs:
Er yuzidagi ikki ulkan suv havzasi bir-biriga o'xshamaydi: biri chuchuk, shirin va ichishga yoqimli, ikkinchisi esa sho'r va achchiq. Shunga qaramay, ikkalasidan ham yangi go'sht yeysiz va taqinchoq sifatida kiyiladigan narsalarni olasiz. Shuningdek, u yerda kemalarni ham ko'rasiz, ular suvni yorib o'tadi, toki siz Uning fazlidan izlab topasiz va shukr qilasiz.
The two great bodies of water on earth are not alike: one is palatable, sweet and pleasant to drink, and the other is salty and bitter. Yet from each you eat fresh meat and extract ornaments to wear. You also see there ships that plough their course through them so that you may go in quest of some of His bounty and be grateful.
(Oyat 12)
(Verse 12)
Xudo suvning turli xil bo'lishini xohlagani aniq. Bunday xilma-xillik ma'lum bir maqsadga xizmat qilishi ham aniq bo'lishi kerak. Biz shirin, mazali suvni ta'minlashdagi hikmatning ayrim jihatlarini bilamiz, chunki uni turli maqsadlarda ishlatamiz. U haqiqatan ham hayot uchun zarur. Dengiz va okeanlarni to'ldiruvchi, achchiq va sho'r bo'lgan boshqa turdagi suvga kelsak, bu mukammal loyihani tushuntirgan mashhur olimning bir necha satrini keltirishimiz mumkin:
That God wanted water to be of different types is clear. That such variety serves a definite purpose is also something we should be clear about. We know some aspects of the wisdom behind providing sweet, palatable water, since we use it for different purposes. It is indeed essential for life. As for the other type of water, which is bitter and salty, filling seas and oceans, we may quote a few lines from a famous scientist explaining this immaculate design:
10 A. Cressy Morrison, Man Does Not Stand Alone, London, Fleming H. Revell Co., 1944, p. 28.
10 A. Cressy Morrison, Man Does Not Stand Alone, London, Fleming H. Revell Co., 1944, p. 28.
Shunday qilib, Xudo.
Thus Is God
Ushbu ilhomlantiruvchi sahnalarni yakunlab, sura olamning ustidan Xudoning Rububiyati (Rabbligi) haqiqatini bayon etadi. Shuningdek, Xudo bilan sherik bo'lish har qanday da'vosining botilligini va uning Qiyomat kunidagi oxirgi, ayanchli natijasini ham bayon etadi.
Concluding these inspiring scenes, the sūrah states the truth of God’s Lordship over the universe. It also states the falsehood of every claim of partnership with God, and its ultimate and miserable result on the Day of Judgement:
Mana shu, sizning Rabbingiz Alloh — Unga mulk tegishli; Uning o‘rniga chaqirib ibodat qilayotganlaringiz esa xurmo danagining pardasiga ham ega emaslar. Ularni chaqirsangiz, sizning du'oyingizni eshita olmaydilar; eshitganlarida ham, sizga javob bera olmaydilar. Qiyomat kuni esa ular sizning ularni Allohga sherik qilganingizni inkor etadilar. Note: the rules require "God" rather than "Allah" in the translation, so the final version should read: Mana shu, sizning Rabbingiz Xudo — Unga mulk tegishli; Uning o‘rniga chaqirib ibodat qilayotganlaringiz esa xurmo danagining pardasiga ham ega emaslar. Ularni chaqirsangiz, sizning du'oyingizni eshita olmaydilar; eshitganlarida ham, sizga javob bera olmaydilar. Qiyomat kuni esa ular sizning ularni Xudoga sherik qilganingizni inkor etadilar.
Thus is God, your Lord: to Him belongs all dominion, while those whom you invoke instead of Him do not own even the skin of a date-stone. If you invoke them they cannot hear your call. Even if they could hear, they would not respond to you. On the Day of Resurrection they will utterly disown your having associated them with God.
Hech kim sizga Hammasidan xabardor Zotdek (aniq) xabar bera olmaydi. (13-14-oyatlar)
None can give you information like the One who is all- aware. (Verses 13-14)
U'sha shamollarni bulutlarni haydovchi, o'lik yerni jonlantiruvchi, sizlarni tuproqdan yaratgan, sizlarni juft-juft qilgan, har bir urg'ochining homilasini va tug'ishini biluvchi, umri uzun yoki qisqa bo'lishini biluvchi, ikki katta suvni yaratgan, kecha bilan kunduzni bir-birining ichiga kiritib turuvchi, quyosh va oyni O'z qonuniga bo'ysundirgan Zot — ana shu Zot sizlarning Rabbingizdir. Mulk faqat Unikidir. Unga qo'shib chaqirayotgan narsalaringiz esa xurmo danagining pardasiga ham egalik qilmaydilar. (13-oyat)
The One who sends the wind driving the clouds, makes the dead land quicken, creates you out of dust, makes you in pairs, knows what each female bears and gives birth to, what gets a long life or a short one, has created the two great bodies of water, causes the day and night to pass into each other and makes the sun and the moon subservient to His law: that One is “your Lord: to Him belongs all dominion, while those whom you invoke instead of Him do not own even the skin of a date-stone.” (Verse 13)