Uchinchi bo'lim oldingi mavzuni yanada davom ettiradi: qayta tirilishni inkor etuvchi kofirlarning ahvolini bayon qiladi. Aniq ko'rinib turibdiki, bular Payg'ambar ﷺ murojaat qilgan, uning xabariga ishonishga chaqirgan but-parastlar edi. Bu bo'lim Payg'ambarga ﷺ ularga qayta tirilish albatta bo'lishini eng qat'iy ohangda tasdiqlashni buyuradi. Bundan tashqari, unda qiyomat kunidan bir manzara keltiriladi, u qayta tirilishni inkor etgan va uni qabul qilgan ikki guruhning taqdirini tasvirlaydi. Bu bo'lim ularni imonga, itoatga keltirishga va dunyoda sodir bo'ladigan barcha narsalarni Yaratgan Alloh taologa nisbat berishga chaqiradi.
The third section carries the theme of the previous one further, stating the situation of those unbelievers who deny the resurrection. It is clearly apparent that these were the idolaters whom the Prophet addressed, calling on them to believe in his message. This section instructs the Prophet to confirm, most emphatically, to them that the resurrection will certainly take place. Indeed, it adds a scene from the Day of Judgement that depicts the fates of the two groups who either deny or accept it. It calls on them to believe, obey and attribute everything that happens in the world to God Almighty:
Kofirlar, ular hech qachon qayta tiriltirilmaydi, deb da'vo qiladilar. Ayting: "Ha, albatta! Rabbim qasamki, sizlar albatta qayta tiriltirilasiz, so'ngra qilgan barcha ishlaringiz haqida albatta xabardor qilinasiz. Bu Alloh uchun oson ishdir". {Endi Allohga va Uning Elchisiga, shuningdek Biz nozil qilgan nurga iymon keltiringlar. Alloh qilayotgan ishlaringizdan xabardordir.} Yig'ilish kuni, ya'ni bir-biriga yutqazish va yutish kuni bo'lgan o'sha kunda U sizlarni jamlaydigan vaqtda (eslang). Kim Allohga iymon keltirib, solih amal qilsa, Alloh uning yomonliklarini o'chirib tashlaydi va uni ostidan daryolar oqib turadigan, abadiy qoladigan jannatlarga kiritadi. Mana shu buyuk najotdir.
The unbelievers allege that they will not be raised from the dead. Say, 'Yes indeed! By my Lord, you will certainly be raised from the dead, and then you will certainly be told of all that you have done. This is easy for God. "Believe then in God and His Messenger, and in the light which We have bestowed from on high. God is fully aware of what you do. [Think of] the time when He will gather you all together for the Day of the Gathering, the day of mutual loss and gain. For anyone who shall have believed in God and done what is right, He will efface his bad deeds and will admit him into gardens through which running waters flow, where they will abide for ever. That is the supreme triumph.
Ammo kufr keltirgan va Bizning oyatlarimizni inkor etganlar, u yerda abadiy qoladigan do‘zax ahlidir. U qanday yomon oqibat!
Allohning iznisiz hech qanday musibat kishiga yetmaydi. Kim Allohga iymon keltirsa, U uning qalbini hidoyatga yo‘llaydi. Alloh har narsani to‘la biladi.
But those who disbelieve and deny Our revelations are destined for the fire where they will abide. How miserable an end! No calamity can ever befall anyone except by God's leave. He will guide the heart of anyone who believes in Him. God has full knowledge of all things.
Shunday ekan, Allohga itoat etinglar va Rasulga itoat etinglar. Agar yuz o'girsangiz, bilingki, Bizning Rasulimizning vazifasi faqat xabarni ravshan qilib yetkazishdir. Alloh:
So obey God, and obey the Messenger. If you turn away, know that Our Messenger's only duty is to deliver his message in full clarity. God:
Undan boshqa iloh yo‘q. Mo‘minlar faqat Allohga tavakkul qilsinlar. (Oyatlar 7–13)
there is no deity other than Him. In God, then, let the believers place their trust. (Verses 7-13)
Sura boshidanoq musrik va kofirlarning da'vosini "da'vo" deb ataydi va shu bilan uni yolg'on sifatida belgilaydi. Shundan so'ng Payg'ambarga (ﷺ) o'z Rabbisi nomiga qasam ichib, qayta tirilish haqidagi xabarini eng qat'iy ohangda bayon qilish buyuriladi. Rabbisi nomiga Payg'ambar (ﷺ) qasam ichishdan ko'ra kuchliroq narsa bo'lishi mumkin emas. "Ayting: Ha, Rabbim nomiga qasamki, albatta, siz qayta tiriltirilasiz, so'ngra qilgan barcha amallaringiz haqida albatta xabar beriласiz" (7-oyat). Bundan hech narsa e'tibordan chetda qolmaydi.
Right from the start the surah describes the unbelievers argument as an ‘allegation, thereby branding it as a lie. It follows this with a directive to the Prophet to assert his message of resurrection most emphatically, swearing by his Lord to its truth. Nothing can be more emphatic than an oath the Prophet makes by his Lord. "Say: Yes indeed! By my Lord, you will certainly be raised from the dead, and then you will certainly be told of all that you have done." (Verse 7) Nothing of it will suffer neglect.
Xudo ularning amallarini ularning o‘zlaridan ham yaxshiroq biladi, shuning uchun Qiyomat kuni U ularga bularning hammasini aytib beradi. "Bu Xudo uchun osondir." U osmonlar va yerdagi hamma narsani — ochiq va yashirin bo‘lgan narsalarni, shuningdek odamlar qalbida bo‘lgan, ifodalangan yoki ifodalanmagan narsalarni ham biladi. U, shuningdek, surada oldinroq aytilganidek, barcha narsaga qodirdir.
God knows their deeds better than they do, so He will tell them all about it on the Day of Resurrection. "This is easy for God." He knows all that is in the heavens and the earth, open and secret, as well as what is in peoples hearts, expressed or otherwise. He also has power over all things, as stated earlier in the surah.
Surada keyin ulardan Allohga va Uning Elchisiga, hamda Uning Elchisiga bergan nurga, ya’ni Qur’onga va Qur’onda mujassam bo‘lgan imonga iymon keltirish talab qilinadi. Bu haqiqatan ham nurdir, chunki u Xudodan kelgan, va "Xudo osmonlar va yerning nuridir." (24:35)
The surah then calls on them to believe in God and His Messenger, and in the light He has given His Messenger, which is the Qur’an and the faith embodied in the Qur’an. It is indeed light, since it comes from God, and "God is the light of the heavens and the earth." (24: 35)
Qur’on qalbni yoritadi, uni porlatadi va haqiqatni ko‘rishga qodir qiladi 53
The Qur’an enlightens the heart to make it shine, able to see the truth 53
"Qur'on soyasida" inson ichida mavjud: "Bas, Allohga va Uning Rasulига hamda Biz nozil qilgan nurga iymon keltiringlar" (8-oyat). Ularni iymonga chaqirishdan so'ng, ularning holati Xudo tomonidan to'liq kuzatilayotganini anglatuvchi izoh keladi: "Alloh qilayotgan amallaringizdan to'liq xabardordir" (8-oyat).
In the Shade of the Qur’an inherent within it: “Believe then in God and His Messenger, and in the light which We have bestowed from on high” (Verse 8) This call on them to believe is followed by a comment that makes them realize that their situation is fully observed by God: “God is fully aware of what you do.” (Verse 8)
Quyidagi oyat Qiyomat kuni manzarasini chizishda davom etadi:
The next verse continues to draw the scene of the Day of Resurrection:
"[Eslang] o'sha kunni ki, U sizlarni Yig'ilish kuni uchun to'playdi, yo'qotish va foyda kuni." (9-oyat) U Yig'ilish kuni deb ataladi, chunki o'sha kuni barcha avlodlarning barcha mavjudotlari to'planadi, va unda farishtalar ham hozir bo'ladi.
“[Think of] the time when He will gather you all together for the Day of the Gathering, the day of mutual loss and gain.” yerse 9) It is called the Day of the Gathering because all creatures from all generations are gathered together on that day, which is also attended by the angels.
Faqat Alloh biladi farishtalarning sonini, lekin quyidagi hadisni mulohaza qilsak, bu haqda taxminiy tasavvurga ega bo‘lishimiz mumkin. Hadisda Abu Zarr roziyallohu anhu Payg‘ambar ﷺ shunday degani haqida rivoyat qiladi: “Men siz ko‘rmaydigan narsani ko‘raman va siz eshitmaydigan narsani eshitaman. Osmon shovqinli gavjum, va bu to‘g‘ri: uning bir to‘rt barmoq kengligidagi joyi ham yo‘qki, unda Xudo oldida peshonasini yerga qo‘yib sajda qilayotgan farishta bo‘lmasin. Men bilgan narsalarni bilganingizda, oz kulib, ko‘p yig‘lardingiz va ayollar bilan to‘shakda rohat qilishdan zavqlanmas edingiz. Tog‘larga va tepaliklarga chiqib, Xudoga iltijo bilan yolvorardingiz. Qani edi, men kesiladigan daraxt bo‘lsam.” [Termiziy rivoyat qilgan]
Har to‘rt barmoq kengligida farishta bo‘ladigan osmon – biz chegarasini bilmaydigan bu ulkan kenglik bo‘lib, unda bizning quyoshimizga o‘xshagan quyosh havodagi mayda zarra kabi ko‘rinadi. Bu bizga u yerdagi farishtalar soni haqida taxminiy tasavvur beradimi? Bundan tashqari, bu farishtalarning barchasi Yig‘ilish kunida yaratilmishlarning to‘plangan jamiyatining bir qismi bo‘ladi.
Only God knows the numbers of the angels, but we may have a sense of it when we reflect on the following hadith in which Abu Dharr quotes the Prophet as saying: “I see and hear what you do not. The heavens is noisily bustling, and rightly so: there is not a four-finger width in it but occupied by an angel with his forehead placed low in prostration before God. Were you to know what I know, you would have laughed but a little and wept much, and you would not have enjoyed being in bed with women. You would have gone up the hills and mountains earnestly appealing to God. I wish I were a tree to be felled.” [Related by al-TirmidhL] The heaven in which there is an angel in every little space of four fingers is this great expanse for which we know no limit, and in which a sun like ours appears to be no more than a fine particle floating in the air. Does this then give us an approximation for the number of angels in it? Furthermore, all these angels will form part of the assembled mass of creatures on the Day of Gathering.
Aynan shu buyuk majlis oldida yutuq va yutqazish yuz beradi: mo'minlar barcha baxtni faqat o'zlari uchun oladilar, kofirlar esa uning hammasidan butunlay mahrum bo'lib, so'ngra do'zaxga yuboriladilar. Bu ikki xil, bir-biridan keskin farq qiladigan qismatdir. Bizga yetib kelgan ma'no - g'olib hamma narsani oladigan raqobat manzarasidir. Shu sababli har ikki tomon o'z raqiblarini mahrum qilishni istaydi. Oxir-oqibatda mo'minlar g'olib, kofirlar esa mag'lub bo'ladilar. Aynan shu narsa bir-birining yutqazishi va yutishi deb ataladi, xuddi shu oyatda va undan keyingi oyatda izohlanganidek: {Kim Allohga iymon keltirib, yaxshi amal qilsa, Alloh uning yomon amallarini o'chirib yuboradi va uni ostidan daryolar oqib turadigan jannatlarga kiritadi, u unda abadiy qoladi. Mana shu ulug' muvaffaqiyatdir. Kofir bo'lib, oyatlarimizni yolg'onga chiqarganlar esa do'zax ahlidir, u yerda abadiy qolurlar.}
It will be in front of this great assembly that the loss and gain will take place: the believers will take all happiness purely for themselves while the unbelievers will be totally deprived of it before being sent to hell. These are two greatly different lots. The sense we receive is that of a competition where the winners take all. Hence, each side wants to deprive its competitors. The believers end up winners and the unbelievers losers. This is what is meant by mutual loss and gain, as explained in the same verse and that which follows: “For anyone who shall have believed in God and done what is right, He will efface his bad deeds and will admit him into gardens through which running waters flow, where they will abide for ever. That is the supreme triumph. But those who disbelieve and deny Our revelations are destined for the fire where they will abide.
"Qanday achinarli oqibat!" (9-10-oyatlar)
How miserable an end!” (Verses 9-10)
Ayatdan oldin, ushbu sura imonga da'vat qilishdan oldin, Islom e'tiqodining asosiy unsurlaridan birini bayon etadi: Xudoning irodasiga ishonish va Xudoga bo'lgan imonning inson qalbiga ta'siri haqida: {Hech bir musibat Xudoning iznisiz yuz bermaydi. Kimki Xudoga iymon keltirsa, U uning qalbini hidoyatga yo'naltiradi. Xudo barcha narsalarni to'liq biladi.} (11-oyat)
Before completing the call to them to believe, the surah states one of the main elements of the Islamic faith, which is to believe in Gods will and the effect of belief in God on the human heart: “No calamity can ever befall anyone except by God's leave. He will guide the heart of anyone who believes in Him. God has full knowledge of all things.” (Verse 11)
Balki, bu haqiqat bu yerda faqat ular qabul qilishga chaqirilgan imon doirasida uni aniq ko'rsatish uchun bayon etilgandir. Bu shunday e'tiqodki, unda har narsa Allohga nisbat beriladi va yuz bergan har qanday yaxshilik yoki yomonlik faqat Alloh irodasi bilan sodir bo'ladi. Bu shunday muhim haqiqatki, usiz imon to'liq bo'lmaydi.
Perhaps this fact is stated here only to put it clearly within the context of the faith they are called upon to adopt. It is a belief that attributes everything to God, and whatever good or evil takes place occurs only by Gods will. This is an essential fact without which faith is incomplete.
U'z asosan bu, mo'min kishi hayotdagi voqea va vaziyatlarga, yaxshi va quvonchli bo'lsin yoki yomon va g'amgin bo'lsin, duch kelganda his qiladigan barcha tuyg'ularning asosidir. Boshqa tomondan, bu haqiqat bu sura yoki bu oyat nozil bo'lgan paytda sodir bo'lgan va odamlarning xayolida aniq bo'lgan biror voqeaga javob sifatida bayon qilinmoqda. Aniq vaziyat qanday bo'lishidan qat'i nazar, bu haqiqat Islomning mo'min kishining ongiga singdirayotgan tushunchasining muhim jihatini ifodalaydi. Shunda u har bir voqea va har bir harakat ortida Allohning qudratli qo'lini his qiladi. Unga nima yuz bermasin, baxt keltirsin yoki musibat, u xotirjam qalb bilan qabul qiladi. Birinchi holatda shukr bildiradi, ikkinchisida esa sabr ko'rsatadi. Yoki u yanada yuqori darajaga ko'tarilib, quvonch va musibat ikkalasida ham Xudoga shukr aytadi, ikkalasi ham Uning ne'matlari ekanini his qilib.
It is indeed the basis of all feelings a believer may have when facing life events and situations, good and happy or bad and miserable. On the other hand, this fact is stated here in response to something that took place and was clear in people’s minds at the time of the revelation of this surah or this verse. Regardless of the exact situation, this fact represents an important aspect of the concept Islam implants in a believers consciousness. He thus feels Gods hand behind every event and every move. He receives with a calm heart whatever happens to him, whether it brings him happiness or adversity. He expresses his gratitude in the first case and demonstrates patience in the second. Alternatively, he may rise to a higher level, expressing his thanks to God in both cases of happiness and adversity, feeling that both bring him God’s blessings.
U shundan so'ng u musibatni o'ziga eslatma yoki o'tgan gunohlarining kechirilishi, yoki savobining ko'payishi uchun imkoniyat deb biladi. Sahih hadisda Payg'ambar ﷺ shunday deganlar: "Mo'minning ahvoli ajoyib! Uning uchun Alloh taqdir qilgan narsaning hammasi yaxshidir. Agar unga musibat yetsa, sabr qiladi, bu uning uchun yaxshidir. Agar unga xursandchilik yetsa, Xudoga shukr qiladi, bu ham uning uchun yaxshidir. Bu holat mo'mindan boshqa hech kimga xos emas." [Imom al-Buxoriy va Muslim rivoyat qilgan.] {Kim Allohga iymon keltirsa, U uning qalbini hidoyatga yo'naltiradi} (11-oyat).
He then sees adversity as a reminder for him or an occasion that may bring him forgiveness of past sins or an increase in his reward. In an authentic hadith, the Prophet is quoted as saying: “Amazing is the believer’s situation: whatever God determines is good for him. Should he meet with adversity, he resorts to patience and this is good for him, while if he meets with what is pleasant, he expresses his gratitude to God, and this is good for him. This situation applies to no one other than a believer.” [Related by al-Bukhari and Muslim.] “He will guide the heart of anyone who believes in Him” (Verse 11)
Ba'zi sharhchilar bu oyatni Alloh irodasiga ishonish va musibatga duch kelganda unga rozi bo'lish, deb izohlaydilar. Ibn 'Abbos esa bu so'zni imon keltirgan qalblarga to'liq hidoyat berilishi, ularning haqiqatni to'g'ri anglashlari belgisi, deb tushunadi. Shunda ular barcha narsa va barcha voqealarni o'zlarining boshlanishi va maqsadi bo'lgan Olloh tomonidan deb biladilar.
Some commentators explain this as meaning belief in God’s will and being resigned to it in the event of facing a calamity. Ibn 'Abbas, however, takes this statement as indicating complete guidance granted to believing hearts, making them recognize the absolute truth. Thus they attribute all things and all events to God, their source and goal.
Bu ularga tasalli va xotirjamlik baxsh etadi. Shunday to'liq va keng qamrovli ko'rinish bilan ular nomukammal yoki noto'g'ri bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan qisman qarashning og'irligini his qilmaydilar. Shu sababli oyatning oxirida keltirilgan: "Alloh har narsani biluvchidir" (11-oyat) so'zlari. Demak, bu Xudoning bilimidan bir ulushga yo'llovchi hidoyatdir. Xudo bu hidoyatni chinakam iymon keltirgan kishiga ato etadi va shu bilan u cheklangan insoniy hayotdan tashqaridagi narsalardan ba'zi bir bilimga ega bo'lish mukofotiga sazovor bo'ladi.
This provides them with reassurance and comfort. With such a complete and comprehensive vision, they are not encumbered by a partial view that may be deficient or erroneous. Hence, the comment at the end of the verse: “God has full knowledge of all things." (verse. 11) It is, then, guidance to a share of Gods knowledge. God grants this guidance to a person who truly believes, thus earning the prize of knowing something of what lies beyond this limited human life.
Sura davom etib, endi odamlarni iymon keltirishga chaqiradi va ularni Allohga itoat etish hamda Uning Elchisiga itoat etishga da'vat qiladi: "Bas, Allohga itoat qilinglar va Rasulga itoat qilinglar. Agar yuz o'girsangiz, bilingki, Bizning Rasulimizning vazifasi faqat xabarni ravshan yetkazishdir" (12-oyat). Sura ilgari yuz o'girgan avvalgi ummatlarning uchragan oqibatini ularga ko'rsatib bo'lgan. Endi u shuni aytadiki, Allohning Rasulining vazifasi faqat Allohning xabarini yetkazishdir. U buni qilganida, unga yuklangan amanatni ado etgan bo'ladi va dalilni ular oldiga qo'ygan bo'ladi. Qolgani itoatsizlik va rad etishda qaysarlik qilganlarga munosib bo'lgan taqdirdir. Ularga bu haqida avvalroq eslatib o'tilgan.
The surah continues with its call on people to believe, calling them now to obey God and His Messenger: “So obey God, and obey the Messenger. If you turn away, know that Our Messengers only duty is to deliver his message in full clarity" (Verse 12) The surah has already shown them the end suffered by earlier communities who turned away. Now it tells them that the role of Gods Messenger is only to deliver His message. When he has done this, he has fulfilled the trust assigned to him and put the proof before them. What remains is the fate merited by those who are stubborn in disobedience and rejection. They have already been reminded of this.
Ushbu bo‘lim Allohning yagonaligi haqidagi haqiqatni yana bir bor ta’kidlash bilan yakunlanadi — ular buni doimiy ravishda inkor etadilar. U, shuningdek, mo‘minlarning Alloh bilan munosabatdagi munosabatini ham bayon etadi: “Alloh — Undan o‘zga iloh yo‘q. Demak, mo‘minlar faqat Allohga tayansinlar” (13-oyat). Allohning yagonaligi haqidagi haqiqat imonning mohiyatidir. Uning amaliy ma’nosi — to‘liq ishonchni Allohga topshirish va faqat Unga suyanishdir. Ushbu oyat suraning oldingi bo‘limlari bilan uning oxirgi qismi — mo‘minlarga qaratilgan xitob o‘rtasida ko‘prik vazifasini o‘taydi.
This section concludes by restating the truth of Gods oneness, which they persistently deny. It also states the believers attitude in dealing with God: “God: there is no deity other than Him. In God, then, let the believers place their trust" (Verse 13) The truth of Gods oneness is the essence of faith. Its practical import is to place ones total trust in God and to rely on Him alone. This verse provides a bridge between these sections of the surah and its final one which comes as an address to the believers.