Ushbu sura bo‘limi o‘zining asosiy yo‘nalishini davom ettiradi: u insonlarning hayoti va voqealari bog‘liq bo‘lgan keng olamga nazar soladi. Aynan shu buyuk kenglikda biz hayot va koinotni boshqaruvchi qonunlarning haq din qonunlari bilan uyg‘un ravishda ishlashini ko‘ramiz, ularda hech qanday ziddiyat yoki nomuvofiqlik yo‘q.

This section of the sūrah follows its main line, looking at the universal expanse to which people’s lives and events are related. It is in this great expanse that we see how the laws governing life and the universe operate in harmony with the laws of the true faith, suffering no conflict or contradiction.

Bu bo‘lim inson istaklarining ko‘pincha o‘zgarib turishini, Alloh taolo qonun-qoidalarining esa doimo o‘zgarmas qolishini tasvirlaydi. U butparastlik e’tiqodlarining haqiqiy iymon kuchi oldida qanchalik zaif ekanini ko‘rsatadi. Odamlarning osoyishtalik va qiyinchilik paytlaridagi munosabatini, rizq mo‘l bo‘lganda va tor bo‘lganda qanday bo‘lishini bayon etadi. Agar odamlar hech o‘zgarmaydigan Alloh o‘lchoviga tayanmasalar va Alloh xohlaganiga, mo‘l yoki oz miqdorda beruvchi Zotning irodasiga rozi bo‘lmasalar, ularning qadriyatlari va me’yorlari barqaror bo‘lmaydi. Surah rizq berish haqida so‘z yuritganligi sababli, pulni poklaydigan va uni ko‘paytiradigan, iymonga muvofiq bo‘lgan yo‘llarga yo‘naltiradi. Shu tariqa u ularga rizq beruvchi, hayotni boshlab beruvchi va o‘limga sabab bo‘luvchi Yaratuvchi kim ekanini aniq qilib beradi. Ular Alloh sherigi deb da’vo qiladigan soxta ilohlar esa bunday ishlarning hech birini qila olmaydi. U butparastlik va soxta e’tiqodlar har joyda yoyadigan buzg‘unchilikdan ogohlantiradi.

This section draws an image of how human desires frequently change while God’s rules and laws remain constant. It shows how flimsy idolatrous beliefs are compared with the power of true faith. It describes people’s attitudes in times of ease and hardship, when provisions are plentiful and stinted. Unless people rely on God’s measure, which never fluctuates, and unless they accept God’s will who gives as He pleases, in plenty or in small measure, their values and standards will remain unstable. Since it mentions the provision of sustenance, the sūrah directs them to the means that purifies money and makes it grow, which is in line with true faith. In this way, it makes clear to them who the Creator that gives sustenance, initiates life and causes death is. The false deities they allege to be God’s partners do nothing of the kind. It alerts them to the corruption that idolatry and false beliefs spread everywhere.

Sura Prophet va musulmonlarni, hech bir amalning foydasi qolmaydigan kun kelishidan oldin, haq dinga qat'iy ergashishda sobit turishga buyuradi. Bu shunday kunki, unda odamlar qilgan barcha ishlari hisobga olinadi va ularning hammasi uchun o'z haqiqiy mukofotini oladilar. Xudo ato etgan ne'matlar doirasida sura ularning e'tiborini shu ne'matlarning ayrim jihatlariga qaratadi, ularning bir qismi insonning mavjudligi bilan bog'liqdir, masalan, osmondan yog'ayotgan yomg'ir, o'lgan yerni qayta tiriltiradi. Xuddi shunday, Xudoning vahiylari Payg'ambar ﷺ ga qalblar va jonlarni tiriltirish uchun beriladi. Biroq ular na tinglaydilar, na hidoyatga ergashadilar. Sura, shuningdek, bizni insonning yaratilish bosqichlari va ularning Rabbilariga qaytguniga qadar bo'lgan hayoti haqida aylanma sayohatga olib boradi.

Odamlarga zarar yetganida ular Rabblariga yolvorib, tavba qilib Unga murojaat qiladilar. Lekin U ularga o'z rahmatidan ta'm tatitganida, ularning ba'zilari Rabblariga sherik keltiradilar, Biz ularga bergan narsalarga nankorlik qilgandek. Unday bo'lsa, bahramand bo'laveringlar; tez orada bilib olasiz. {Biz ularga biron hujjat nozil qilganmizmi, ular Allohga shерik deb biladigan narsalarga dalil bo'lsin?} {Biz odamlarga rahmat tatitganimizda, ular unga xursand bo'ladilar; agar ularning o'z qo'llari qilgan ishlari natijasida biror yomonlik yetsa, ular umidsizlikka tushadilar.}

When harm touches people they call out to their Lord for help, turning to Him in repentance. But when He gives them a taste of His grace, some of them associate partners with their Lord, [as if] to show their ingratitude for what We have given them. Enjoy, then, your life [as you may]; before long you will come to know [the truth]. Have We ever sent down to them a warrant to confirm what they associate as partners with God? When We give people a taste of grace, they rejoice in it; but if evil befalls them as an outcome of what their own hands have wrought, they lose all hope.

Ular bilmaydimi, Alloh xohlagan kishiga rizqni mo‘l ham, tor ham qilib beradi? Albatta, bunda iymon keltirgan qavm uchun aniq dalillar bor.

Are they not aware that God gives in abundance, or in scant measure, to whom He wills? In this there are clear signs indeed for people who believe. (Verses 33-37)

Bu oyatlar insон qalbining shunday bir tasvirini chizadiki, u qat'iy tushunchalarga suyanmaydi va aniq chiziqlarga amal qilmaydi. Shu sababli u turli ta'sirlar yoki voqealar ta'sirida tez-tez bir holatdan ikkinchisiga o'tib turadi. Shunday odamlarga zarar yetganda, ular faqat Uning qutqara olishini anglab, Allohga emas, Xudoga murojaat qiladi. Ammo balo o'tib, hammasi tinchlanib, Xudo ularga o'z marhamatini ato etganda, "ulardan ba'zilari Rabbiga sherik keltiradi" (33-oyat). Bular haqiqiy imonga ergashmaydigan va u beradigan nurdan mo'minlar kabi foydalanmaydiganlardir. Osoyishtalik va farovonlik ularni Xudoga tayanch va panoh so'rab murojaat qilishga undagan xavf-xatarning o'rnini bosadi. Ular ilgarigi mashaqqatni unutadilar. Shunday qilib, Xudoga murojaat qilish va Unga shukr aytish yo'lini saqlab qolish o'rniga, ular Uning hidoyatini va ato etgan ne'matini inkor etadilar.

These verses draw a picture of the human soul that does not rely on solid concepts, or follow clear lines. It thus vacillates between sudden reactions, in response to conflicting influences or events. Thus, when harm touches such people, they turn to God, realizing that only He can save them. Yet when the affliction is over, and things are comfortable again, with God bestowing His grace on them, “some of them associate partners with their Lord.” (Verse 33) These are they who do not follow true faith and who do not benefit from the light it gives to the faithful. Ease and comfort remove the emergency that made them turn to God for support and protection. They forget their earlier hardship. Thus, rather than maintain the path of turning to God and of being grateful to Him, they disbelieve in His guidance and the grace He has bestowed on them.

Keyin sura ko'pxudolikni rizq berish va tirikchilik topish nuqtai nazaridan muhokama qiladi hamda bu ularning hayotiga, ilgari o'tgan avlodlarning hayotiga ta'sir qilganidek, qanday ta'sir qilishini ko'rsatadi. Shuningdek, oldingi ummatlarning oqibatini va bunday oqibatlarga guvoh bo'lib turgan vayronalarni bayon qiladi:

The sūrah then discusses the issue of polytheism from the viewpoint of providing sustenance and earning a living, and how this affects their lives as it affected the lives of generations before them. It also shows the end of earlier communities and the ruins standing witness to such ends:

Aynan Alloh sizni yaratgan, so'ngra sizga rizq bergan, so'ngra sizni o'ldiradi, so'ngra sizni qayta tiriltiradi. Siz U Zotga sherik qilib sig'inayotganlaringizdan biri bu ishlarning biron-birini qila oladimi? U Zot pokdir va O'zi sherik qilinayotgan narsalardan ancha yuksakdir. Odamlar qo'llari bilan qilgan ishlari tufayli quruqlikda va dengizda buzg'unchilik keng tarqaldi. Shunda Alloh ularga qilgan ishlarining ba'zi oqibatlarini tatitib ko'rsatadi, toki ular to'g'ri yo'lga qaytsinlar. Ayting: "Yer yuzini kezib chiqing va oldingizda o'tganlarning oqibati qanday bo'lganini ko'ring. Ularning ko'pchiligi Alloh ta'loga sherik keltirgan edilar."

It is God who has created you, and then has provided you with sustenance, and then will cause you to die, and then will bring you to life again. Can any of those whom you associate as partners with Him do any of these things? Limitless is God in His glory, and sublimely exalted above anything which people may allege to be partners with Him. Corruption has become rife on land and sea in consequence of what people’s hands have wrought; and so He will let them taste the consequences of some of their doings, so that they might mend their ways. Say: ‘Travel around the world and see what was the fate of those who lived before you. Most of them did associate partners with God.’ (Verses 40-42)

Sūra ularning o‘zlari inkor eta olmaydigan, Allohning O‘zi yaratgan hayotiy haqiqatlarni ularning ko‘z oldiga qo‘yadi, ularning soxta xudolari esa bu haqiqatlarda hech qanday ulush da’vo qila olmaydi. U ularga shuni bildiradiki, ularni vujudga keltirgan, rizq bilan ta’minlagan, o‘limga mahkum etgan va keyin qayta tiriltiradigan zot — Xudodir. Ular Xudo ularni yaratganini tan oladilar. Rizqqa kelsak, soxta xudolari ulardan birortasini ta’minlaganini da’vo qila olmaydilar. Qur’ondagi o‘lim haqidagi bayonga qarshi ularda hech qanday dalil yo‘q. Ular bahs yuritadigan masala — qayta tirilish masalasidir. Sura buni boshqa tan olingan haqiqatlar bilan birga keltiradi, shunda qayta tirilish ularning vijdonlarida mustahkam o‘rnashadi. Qur’oniy xitobning bu usuli o‘ziga xos darajada samaralidir. U to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri ularning tabiatiga murojaat qiladi va barcha noto‘g‘ri fikrlarni chetlab o‘tadi. Inson tabiati qayta tirilish haqiqatini inkor eta olmaydi.

Sura yangi bir bosqichni boshlaydi, unda Xudoning ba'zi belgilari va ular O'zining in'omi hamda hidoyati bilan qanday rizq berib, yo'l ko'rsatishida Uning marhamatini aks ettirishi ko'rsatiladi. Ular bularning faqat bir qismini tan olib, boshqalarini inkor etadilar. Shunga qaramay, shukr qilmaydilar va Uning hidoyatiga ergashmaydilar.

The sūrah begins a new round showing some of God’s signs and how they reflect His grace as He provides them with sustenance and guidance. They recognize only parts of this, denying others. Nevertheless, they do not give thanks or follow His guidance:

Uning belgilaridan biri shuki, U shamollarni xushxabar keltiruvchi qilib yuboradi, toki sizlarga O'zining rahmatidan totdirsin, va kemalar Uning amri bilan suzsin, va toki siz Uning fazlidan izlashingiz va shukr qilishingiz uchun. Darhaqiqat, biz sizdan oldin ham o'z qavmlariga elchilar yubordik, ular ularga ravshan dalillar keltirdilar. Shunda biz ataylab yomonlik qilganlarni jazoladik. Mo'minlarga yordam berish Bizning zimmamizdadir. Shamollarni yuborib, bulutlarni ko'tartiradigan, so'ngra uni xohlaganicha osmonda yoydiradigan va parchalaydigan, shunda undan yomg'irning chiqayotganini ko'rasizlar, Alloh emasmi? U buni O'z bandalaridan xohlagan kishisiga yetkazganda, ular xursand bo'ladilar. Garchi ular, uning ularga nozil bo'lishidan oldin, ilgari umidsizlikka tushgan bo'lsalar ham. Endi Allohning rahmatining asarlariga qarang.

And among His signs is that He sends forth the winds bearing good news, so that He might give you a taste of His grace, and that ships might sail at His bidding; so that you might go about in quest of some of His bounty, and that you might have cause to be grateful. We have certainly sent before you messengers to their own peoples, and they brought them clear evidence of the truth. Therefore, We inflicted punishment upon those who deliberately did evil. It is incumbent upon Us to give support to the believers. It is God who sends forth the winds so that they raise clouds, whereupon He spreads them as He wills across the skies, and causes them to break up so that you can see the rain issuing from within it. As soon as He causes it to fall upon whomever He wills of His servants, they rejoice, even though a short while ago, before it was sent down upon them, they had abandoned all hope. Behold, then, the effects of God’s grace:

Yerni o'lganidan keyin qanday qilib jonlantirishi! Albatta, U — o'liklarni tiriltiruvchi Zotdir; zero, U har narsaga qodirdir. (Oyatlar 46-50)

how He gives life to the earth after it had been lifeless! It is indeed He, the One who can bring the dead back to life; for He has power over all things. (Verses 46-50)

Bu yerdagi Allohning belgilari orasida shamollar ham bor: ular xushxabar keltiruvchi xabarchilar sifatida, aniq dalillar bilan yuboriladigan elchilar sifatida, mo'minlarga yordam sifatida, o'lik yerni tiriltiradigan yomg'ir sifatida va o'liklarni qayta tiriltirish sifatida keladi. Bu birikma juda muhimdir. Bularning barchasi Xudoning rahmati va marhamatining jihatlari bo'lib, ular Xudo amalga oshirgan qonunlarning bir qismidir. Darhaqiqat, koinot tizimi, Xudoning elchilari tomonidan targ'ib qilinadigan ilohiy hidoyat xabarlari va mo'minlarga berilgan g'alaba o'rtasida yaqin bog'liqliklar bor. Bularning barchasi Xudoning belgilari va Uning marhamatining jihatlaridir. Ular inson hayoti uchun muhim bo'lib, umumiy tizim bilan chambarchas bog'liqdir.

Shunday qilib, bu sura odamlarning xohish-istaklarining o‘zgaruvchanligini, ular atrofdagi koinotda ko‘rayotgan Xudoning belgilaridan foyda ola olmasliklarini hamda hayotdagi voqealar ortidagi Xudoning hikmatini tan ola olmasliklarini bayon qiladi. So‘ngra Payg‘ambarga murojaat qilib, uni ko‘pchilikni ilohiy hidoyatga ergashtira olmagani uchun tasalli beradi. Bunga sabab ularning tabiati va ko‘rligi ekanini aytadi, bu ko‘rlikni esa u hech qachon davolay olmaydi.

Thus the sūrah describes the fluctuation of people’s desires, their inability to benefit by God’s signs that they see in the universe around them, and their failure to recognize God’s wisdom behind life’s events. It then addresses the Prophet consoling him for not being able to persuade many of them to follow divine guidance. It tells him that this is due to their nature and blindness, which he can never cure.

Albatta, siz o'liklarni eshittira olmaysiz; orqalariga o'girilib ketganda, kar kishilarga ham chaqiruvingizni eshittira olmaysiz. Ko'rlarni esa adashuvlaridan yetaklab chiqara olmaysiz.

Indeed you cannot make the dead hear; and you cannot make the deaf hear your call when they turn their backs and go away. Nor can you lead the blind out of their error.

Faqat Bizning oyatlarimizga ishongan kishilargina quloq soladilar; so'ng ular (Allohga) bo'ysunadilar.

You can only get those who believe in Our signs to listen; and they will then submit themselves [to God]. (Verses 52-53)

Sūra shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ular o‘likdek jonsiz, kar va ko‘r bo‘lib, harakat, eshitish va ko‘rish qobiliyatidan mahrum. Ular o‘zlarini atrofdagi dunyodan ajratib qo‘yganlar va shu sababli uni boshqaruvchi umumiy qonunlarni tushuna olmaydilar. Demak, ularning hayoti hayvonning hayotidan ham ortiq emas, balki undan ham pastroqdir. Hayvon o‘z tabiati bilan yo‘lga solinadi, bu tabiat kamdan-kam hollarda uni aldaydi. Aksincha, Allohning vahiylariga, ularning dillarga va ongga kuchli ta’sir qilishiga qaramay, javob bermaydigan inson, quloqlari eshitsa-da, kardir.

The sūrah shows them to be lifeless, deaf and blind, devoid of motion, hearing and sight. They have isolated themselves from the world around them and thus they are unable to understand the universal laws affecting it. Hence, they have no more than an animal life, or even less. An animal is guided by its nature, which rarely lets it down. By contrast, a person who does not respond to God’s revelations despite its powerful effect on hearts and minds is deaf even though he may have ears that hear.

Xuddi shunday, dunyo bo‘ylab joylashtirilgan Xudoning belgilarini ko‘rmaydigan kishi, ko‘zlari sog‘ bo‘lsa ham, ko‘r hisoblanadi.

Surada so'ngra kofirlarning o'z yo'llarida qat'iy turishlari tasvirlanadi, bunday qat'iy kufrning oqibati esa avval bayon qilingan.

The sūrah then describes how the unbelievers persist in their ways, after having explained the fate of such persistent unbelief:

Biz bu Qur’onda odamlar uchun har xil misollarni keltirdik. Ammo ularga biror belgi kelsa, kofirlar: «Siz faqat yolg‘on da’vo qilyapsiz», deydilar. Shunday qilib, Alloh haqiqatni bilishni istamaganlarning qalbini muhrlab qo‘yadi.

We have set for people in this Qur’ān all sorts of illustrations. Yet if you present them with any sign, the unbelievers will say: you are but making false claims.’ Thus does God seal the hearts of those who do not want to know [the truth]. (Verses 58-59)

Vaqt va makon jihatidan katta masofa bor, ammo suraning ohangida go‘yo hamma narsa juda yaqindek eshitiladi; haqiqatan ham, ham vaqt, ham makon orqaga qaytarilgandek. Odamlarga yana bir bor Qur’on misollar, murojaat shakllari, aql va qalbni uyg‘otishga mo‘ljallangan nozik ishoralar hamda ilhomlantiruvchi tasvirlar orqali nimalarni taqdim etishi eslatiladi. Ular uni har bir aql va qalbga, har bir ijtimoiy muhitda murojaat qilayotgan, inson ruhiga uning barcha kayfiyatlarida gapirayotgan holda tinglaydilar. Shunga qaramay, ular har bir belgini inkor etishda davom etadilar. Bular bilan ham cheklanmay, haqiqiy ilmga ega bo‘lganlarni yolg‘on da’vo qiluvchilar deb ta’riflab, ularni haqorat qiladilar: “Agar ularga biron bir belgi keltirsangiz, kofirlar: ...” deydilar.

There is a wide gap here in time and place, but it sounds in the sūrah as if it is ever so near; indeed both time and place have been rolled back. People are again reminded of what the Qur’ān provides by way of illustrations, modes of address, fine touches meant to alert minds and hearts, and inspiring images. They listen to it as it addresses every mind and heart in every social environment and speaks to the human soul in all its moods. Yet they continue to deny every sign. Nor do they stop at this, but rather insult those endowed with true knowledge describing them as making false assertions: “Yet if you present them with any sign, the unbelievers will say:

“…siz yolg‘on da’volar qilyapsiz.” (58-oyat) Sura ularning kufrini izohlab, shunday deydi: “Shunday qilib, Alloh haqiqatni bilishni istamaganlarning qalblariga muhr bosadi.” (59-oyat) Alloh ularning qalblariga aynan shu tarzda va shu sabab bilan muhr bosadi. Ular haqiqatan ham ko‘r bo‘lib, Allohning belgilarini ko‘ra olmaydilar, kufrlarida kibrli bo‘lib, fikr yuritishni istamaydilar. Shuning uchun ular Alloh ko‘zlarini va qalblarini muhrlashiga loyiqdirlar.

you are but making false claims.” (Verse 58) The sūrah comments on their disbelief, saying: “Thus does God seal the hearts of those who do not want to know [the truth].” (Verse 59) It is in this way and for this reason that God seals their hearts. They are indeed blind, unable to see God’s signs, arrogant in their disbelief, unwilling to reflect. Hence, they deserve that God should seal their sight and their hearts.