Quyosh xiralashib qolganda, yulduzlar tushib, tarqalib ketganda, tog'lar harakatga keltirilganda, o'n oylik homilador tuyalar parvarishsiz qoldirilganda, vahshiy hayvonlar to'planganda, dengizlar alangalantirilganda, insonlarning ruhlari juftlashtirilganda, tirik-tirik ko'milgan qiz bolaga qanday gunoh uchun o'ldirilganligi so'ralganda, amallar daftarlari ochilganda, osmon parda kabi yirtilganda, do'zax qattiq yonadigan qilinganda, jannat yaqin keltirilganda, har bir jon nimani oldinga yuborganini biladi. (1-14-oyatlar)
When the sun is darkened, when the stars fall and disperse, when the mountains are made to move away, when the camels, ten months pregnant, are left untended, when the wild beasts are brought together, when the seas are set alight, when people’s souls are paired [like with like], when the infant girl, buried alive, is asked for what crime she was slain, when the records are laid open, when the sky is stripped bare, when hell is made to burn fiercely, when paradise is brought near, every soul shall know what it has put forward. (Verses 1-14)
Bu oyatlar butun olamni qamrab olgan katta silkinish manzarasini chizib beradi.
These verses sketch a scene of great upheaval which envelops the whole universe.
Bu shunday bir voqeaki, u har bir yashirin sirni oshkor qiladi va hech narsani yashirin holda qoldirmaydi.
It is an event which reveals every guarded secret and leaves nothing hidden away.
Har bir inson hisob-kitob va hukm kuniga tayyorlagan narsasiga duch keladi. Zikr qilingan buyuk voqealar shuni ko'rsatadiki, koinotning hozirgi tanish holati — mukammal uyg'unligi, o'lchangan harakati, nazorat qilingan munosabatlari bilan, ishi nuqsonsiz bo'lgan Yaratuvchi tomonidan kamolga yetkazilgan holati — to'liq izdan chiqadi.
Every human being faces what he has put forward for the day of reckoning and judgement. The great events mentioned indicate that the present familiar state of the universe, with its perfect harmony, measured movement, controlled relations, perfected by the Maker whose work is flawless, will suffer a complete break down.
U shoʻrining roli tugaydi. Butun yaratiqlar bilan birga u bu dunyoda bizga ma'lum bo'lgan hech narsaga o'xshamaydigan, oldindan belgilangan yangi hayot bosqichiga o'tadi.
Its role will be finished. Along with all creation, it will move into a new predetermined phase of life, unlike anything known to us in this world.
Bu surа insonlarning qalbi va ongida ushbu muqarrar tub o‘zgarish haqidagi fikrni mustahkam o‘rnatishni maqsad qiladi, shunda ular bu dunyoning qadriyatlari va boyliklariga, garchi ular abadiy ahamiyatga ega bo‘lib ko‘rinsa ham, kam yoki hech ahamiyat bermasinlar.
The sūrah aims to get this idea of the inevitable upheaval well established in people’s hearts and minds so that they may attach little or no importance to the values and riches of this world, though these may seem to be of lasting consequence.
Insonlar abadiy haqiqat bilan, ya'ni hamma narsa o'zgarib yo'qolganda ham o'zgarmaydigan, Abadiy Tangri — Yaratgan Haqiqati bilan mustahkam aloqa o'rnatishlari kerak. Ular ushbu dunyoning tanish narsalari zanjirlarini uzib tashlashlari kerak, toki vaqt, makon, cheklangan idrok yoki o'tkinchi mezonlar bilan chegaralanmaydigan mutlaq haqiqatni tan olsinlar.
People should establish a firm bond with the everlasting truth, i.e. the truth of God, the Eternal, who never changes when everything else changes and disappears. They should break the chains of what is familiar in this life in order to recognize the absolute truth which admits no restrictions of time, place, finite faculties or temporal standards.
Bu umumiy tafsilotlarning tubiga boradigan kishi, bu tasdiqqa nisbatan ichki his-tuyg'uning mavjudligini sezmasdan qolmaydi.
As one goes through the events of this universal upheaval, one cannot fail to observe an inner feeling for this affirmation.
Qiyomat kunida bu barcha yaratiqlarga aynan nima sodir bo‘lishini faqat Alloh biladi, deb aytishimiz mumkin. Biz faqat o‘zimiz boshdan kechirgan narsalarni tasavvur qila olamiz. Dunyodagi katta silkinish haqida o‘ylaganimizda, xayolimiz kuchli zilzila yoki vulqon, yoki ehtimol, kometa yoki kichik osmon jismining qulashidan nariga o‘ta olmaydi. Suv toshqinlari bizga ma’lum bo‘lgan suvning qudratining, ehtimol, eng vayronkor namoyonidir. Biz kuzatgan koinotdagi eng kuchli voqealar, bizdan million milyalar uzoqlikda joylashgan quyoshdagi ba’zi cheklangan portlashlar edi. Bu voqealarning barchasi, qanchalik katta bo‘lmasin, Qiyomat kunida sodir bo‘ladigan koinot miqyosidagi silkinish bilan solishtirilganda shunchalik kichik ko‘rinadiki, ularni bolalar o‘yinidek deb hisoblash mumkin. Agar o‘sha paytda nima bo‘lishini haqiqatan bilmoqchi bo‘lsak, bu hayotda boshdan kechirganlarimiz bilan qandaydir taqqoslash o‘tkazishdan boshqa ilojimiz yo‘q.
As to what exactly happens to all these creations during the resurrection we can only say that it is known to God alone. We can only comprehend what we have experienced. When we think of a great upheaval in the world, our imagination cannot stretch beyond a violent earthquake or volcano, or, perhaps, the fall of a comet or a small celestial body. Floods are perhaps the most destructive manifestation of the power of water known to us. The most powerful events in the universe we have monitored were some limited explosions in the sun, which is millions of miles away from us. All these events, great as they may be, seem so small when they are compared to the universal upheaval which will take place on the Day of Resurrection that they may be considered akin to child’s play. If we really want to know what will happen then, we can do no more than attempt to draw some sort of comparison with what we have experienced in this life.
Quyosh xiraligi, ehtimol, uning sovib qolishini va kosmosda minglab millar davomida cho'zilgan alanga tillarining susayib, so'nishini anglatadi. Quyosh hozirda o'zining kuchli issiqligi tufayli gaz holatida bo'lib, uning harorati eng yuqori darajada 12000
The darkening of the sun probably means that it will cool down and its flames which stretch out for thousands of miles in space will dwindle and die. As the sun is now in gaseous form because of its intense heat, which reaches a maximum of 12,000
darajalar, uning qorayishi, ehtimol, sovib qotishi orqali yer yuzasiga o'xshash shaklga o'tishini anglatadi. U cho'zilmasdan dumaloq shaklni olishi mumkin. Ochilish oyatining ma'nosi ehtimol shu bo'lsa-da, boshqacha ma'noni ham anglatishi mumkin. Bu qanday yuz berishi yoki uning sabablari haqida esa shuni aytishimiz mumkinki, buni faqat Alloh biladi.
degrees, its darkening probably means its transformation by freezing to a form similar to that of the surface of the earth. It may adopt a circular shape without becoming stretched out. This is probably the meaning of the opening verse, but it could also mean something different. As to how it will happen, or its causes, we can only say that this is known only to God.
Yulduzlarning qulashi, ehtimol, ular o‘zlarini ushlab turgan tizimdan ajralib, nurini va yorqinligini yo‘qotishini anglatadi. Qaysi yulduzlar bu hodisadan ta’sirlanishini faqat Alloh biladi: bu faqat kichik bir guruh yulduzlarga, masalan, bizning quyosh tizimimizga ta’sir qiladimi, yoki yuz millionlab yulduzlardan iborat bo‘lgan galaktikamizga ta’sir qiladimi, yoki millionlab-millionlab barcha yulduzlarga ta’sir qiladimi? Koinot, hammaga ma’lumki, o‘z maydoniga ega bo‘lgan deyarli cheksiz sonli galaktikalardan iboratdir.
The falling of the stars probably means that they will break away from the system which holds them together and lose their light and brightness. Only God knows which stars will be affected by this event: will it affect only a small group of stars, say, our own solar system, or our galaxy, which comprises hundreds of millions of stars, or will it affect all the stars in their millions of millions? The universe, as everyone knows, comprises an almost infinite number of galaxies, each with its own space.
Tog'larni joyidan siljitish, ehtimol, ularning ezilib, boshqa suralarda ko'rsatilganidek, uchib ketishini anglatadi: "Senga tog'lar haqida so'raydilar. De:
Forcing the mountains to move away probably means that they will be crushed and blown away as indicated in other sūrahs: “They ask you about the mountains. Say:
Rabbim ularni mayda chang qilib maydalab, ularni vayron bo‘lgan cho‘lga aylantiradi.” (20: 105) “Tog‘lar parchalanib, mayda chang bo‘lib sochilganda.” (56: 5) “Tog‘lar harakatga keltiriladi va go‘yo sarob bo‘lib ko‘rinadi.” (78: 20) Bu oyatlarning barchasi tog‘larga ta’sir qiladigan, ularning mustahkam asoslarini va barqarorligini yo‘q qiladigan muayyan bir voqeaga ishora qiladi. Bu, 99-sura, “Zilzila” surasida zikr etilgan va yerni kuchli silkitadigan zilzilaning boshlanishi bo‘lishi mumkin: “Yer o‘zining so‘nggi zilzilasi bilan larzaga kelganda, yer o‘z yukini tashlaganda.” (99: 1-2) Bu voqealarning barchasi o‘sha juda uzun kunda ro‘y beradi.
My Lord will crush them to fine dust and leave them a desolate waste.” (20: 105) “When the mountains crumble away and scatter into fine dust.” (56: 5) “And the mountains are made to move away, and seem to have been a mirage.” (78: 20) All these verses refer to a certain event which will affect the mountains and do away with their firm foundations and stability. This may be the beginning of the quake which will shake the earth violently, and which is mentioned in Sūrah 99, The Earthquake: “When the earth is rocked with her final earthquake, when the earth shakes off her burdens.” (99: 1-2) All these events will take place on that very long day.
“Homiladorlikning o‘ninchi oyida bo‘lgan tuyalar, e’tiborsiz qoldirilganda.” (4-oyat) Arabcha tavsifda bu tuyaning homiladorligining o‘ninchi oyida ekani aniq ko‘rsatilgan.
“When the camels, ten months pregnant, are left untended.” (Verse 4) The Arabic description of the camel here specifies that she is in her tenth month of pregnancy.
Shu holatda bo'lganida, u arab uchun eng qimmatli boylikdir, chunki u uning boyligiga yuqori qadrlangan yosh tuyani qo'shishga va u va uning oilasi yangi tug'ilgan hayvon bilan birga baham ko'radigan ko'p sut berishga tayyorlanmoqda. Biroq, shunday ulkan voqealarga guvoh bo'ladigan o'sha kunda, bunday qimmatbaho tuyalar parvarishsiz, butunlay e'tiborsiz qoldiriladi. Ushbu oyat birinchi bo'lib xitob qilingan arablar, eng og'ir xavf bo'lmasa, bunday tuyalarni hech qachon e'tiborsiz qoldirmas edilar.
When in this state, she is to the Arab his most valuable possession because she is about to add to his wealth a highly valued young camel, and to give him a lot of milk which he and his family will share with the new-born animal. However, on that day, which will witness such overwhelming events, such priceless camels will be left without care, completely untended. The Arabs who were the first to be addressed by this verse never left such camels untended, except for the gravest of dangers.
"Vahshiy hayvonlar to'planganda." (5-oyat) O'z o'rmonlarida vahshiy hayvonlarni qamragan katta dahshat ularning bir joyga to'planishiga sabab bo'ladi.
“When the wild beasts are brought together.” (Verse 5) The great terror which overwhelms the wild beasts in their jungles is the cause of their coming together.
Ular o‘zaro adovatlarini unutadilar va qaysi tomonga ketayotganlarini bilmay, birgalikda harakat qiladilar.
They forget their mutual enmities, and move together, unaware of their direction.
Ular o'z uylarini qidirmaydi va odatdagidek o'ljasini ovlamaydi. Ulkan dahshat hatto eng vahshiy hayvonlarning xarakterini ham o'zgartiradi. Unda u insonga nima qiladi?
They neither seek their homes nor chase their prey as they usually do. The overwhelming terror changes the character of even the wildest of beasts. What then will it do to man?
“Dengizlar olov bilan yoqilganda.” (6-oyat) Arabcha sujjirat atamasi bu yerda dengizlarning suv bilan to‘lib-toshishini anglatishi mumkin — yer hayotining dastlabki bosqichlarini xarakterlagan suv toshqinlariga o‘xshash toshqinlar nazarda tutilgan bo‘lishi mumkin. Boshqa tomondan, zilzilalar va vulqonlar hozir dengizlarni ajratib turgan to‘siqlarni yo‘q qilishi mumkin, shunda biri suvi ikkinchisiga oqib o‘tadi. Bu arabcha ibora, shuningdek, dengizlarda portlashlar yuz berib, ularni alangalantirishini ham anglatishi mumkin, Qur’onning boshqa joyida zikr qilinganidek:
“When the seas are set alight.” (Verse 6) The Arabic term, sujjirat, used here may mean that the seas will be overfilled with water, from floods similar to those which characterized the early stages of life on earth. On the other hand, earthquakes and volcanoes may remove the barriers now separating the seas so that the water of one will flow into the other. The Arabic expression may also mean that the seas will experience explosions which set them ablaze, as mentioned elsewhere in the Qur’ān:
“Okeanlar portlatilganda”. (82:3) Bunday portlashlar suvni tashkil etuvchi kislorod va vodorodning ajralishidan kelib chiqishi mumkin. Ular, shuningdek, qandaydir atom portlashlari ham bo‘lishi mumkin. Agar vodorod yoki atom bombasidagi cheklangan miqdordagi atomlarning portlashi biz ko‘rgan dahshatli oqibatlarni keltirib chiqarsa, u holda okeanlar suvining atom portlashi, qanday usulda sodir bo‘lishidan qat’i nazar, bizning tasavvurimiz uchun juda dahshatli bo‘lgan narsani keltirib chiqaradi. Xuddi shunday, biz bu ulkan okeanlar ortida turgan do‘zax haqiqatini tasavvur qila olmaymiz.
“When the oceans are made to explode.” (82: 3) Such explosions may result from separating oxygen and hydrogen which make sea water. They could also be atomic explosions of some sort. If the explosion of a limited number of atoms in a hydrogen or atom bomb produces such dreadful consequences as we have seen, then the atomic explosion of the waters of the oceans, in whatever manner it may occur, will produce something much too fearful for our minds to visualize. Similarly, we cannot conceive the reality of hell, which stands beyond these vast oceans.
“Qachonki insonlarning ruhlari juftlanganda.” (7-oyat) Ruhlarning juftlanishi qiyomat kunida tanа va ruhning qayta birlashishini anglatishi mumkin. Shuningdek, Qur’onning boshqa joyida aytilganidek, ularning o‘xshashi o‘xshashi bilan guruhlanishini ham anglatishi mumkin: “Siz uch guruhga bo‘linasiz.” (56: 7) Bular tanlangan elita, o‘ng tomondagilar va chap tomondagilardir. Bu boshqa biror guruhlash usulini ham anglatishi mumkin.
“When people’s souls are paired.” (Verse 7) The pairing of souls may mean the reunion of body and soul at the time of resurrection. It may also mean their grouping, like with like, as mentioned elsewhere in the Qur’ān: “You will be divided into three groups.” (56: 7) These are the chosen elite, the people of the right, and the people of the left. It may also mean some other way of grouping.