Hukmronlik tizimi unitar tizim bo‘lib, federal tizim emas.

The system of ruling is a unitary system and not a federal system.

Hukmronlikning yagona to‘g‘ri tizimi birlik (unitar) tizimidir, boshqasi esa qabul qilinishi mumkin emas. Buning sababi shundaki, shariat dalillari faqat shu tizimni keltirgan va boshqasini man etgan; Abdulloh ibn Amr ibn al-Os rivoyat qilishicha, u Allahning Elchisi ﷺ shunday deganini eshitgan.

The only correct system for ruling is the unitary system and nothing else is acceptable. This is because the Shari’ah evidence brought it alone and prohibited anything else; it was narrated by ‘Abd Allah b. Amr b. Al-‘As that he heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say.

. وَمَنْ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا فَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يَدِهِ وَثَمَرَةَ قَ لْبِهِ فَ لْ يُطِعْهُ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ، فَإِنْ جَاءَ « » آخَرُ ي نَُازِعُهُ فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَ الآخَرِ.

. وَمَنْ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا فَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يَدِهِ وَثَمَرَةَ قَ لْبِهِ فَ لْ يُطِعْهُ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ، فَإِنْ جَاءَ « » آخَرُ ي نَُازِعُهُ فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَ الآخَرِ.

“Kimki xalifaga bay‘at qilsa, unga qo‘lining kaftini va yuragining samimiyatini berishi lozim (ya’ni, ham zohiran, ham botinan unga bo‘ysunishi lozim). U imkoni boricha unga itoat etishi kerak. Agar boshqa biror kishi (xalifalikka da’vogar bo‘lib) uning hokimiyatiga qarshi chiqsa, (musulmonlar) o‘sha kishining boshini kesishlari kerak”, (Muslim rivoyat qilgan). Abu Sa‘id al-Xudriy rivoyat qiladilar: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday dedilar:

“He who swears allegiance to a Caliph should give him the grasp of his hand and the sincerity of his heart (i. e. submit to him both outwardly as well as inwardly). He should obey him to the best of his capacity. If another man comes forward (as a claimant to Caliphate), disputing his authority, they (the Muslims) should behead the latter.” (reported by Muslim). And it is narrated by Abu Sa‘id Al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said,

. » إِذَا بُويِعَ لِخَلِيفَتَ يْنِ، فَاقْ تُ لُوا الآخَرَ مِنْ هُمَا «.

. » إِذَا بُويِعَ لِخَلِيفَتَ يْنِ، فَاقْ تُ لُوا الآخَرَ مِنْ هُمَا «.

“Агар икки халифага байъат берилган бўлса, кейинроқ байъат берилганини ўлдиринг”, (Муслим ривоят қилган). Бу икки ривоятдан келтириладиган далилнинг мазмуни шуки, биринчи ривоят имомат, яъни халифалик берилган ҳолатни баён қилади: агар кимдир ўша халифаликни у билан талашса, уни қаршилик кўрсатишдан тўхтатиш учун уришиш вожиб бўлади ва агар у бундан воз кечмаса, уни ўлдириш лозим. Демак, халифаликда халифанинг етакчилигини талаб қилган кимса курашилиши керак. Бу давлатни бўлишнинг ман этилганига ишорадир, давлатни бўлишга йўл қўймасликка ундайди ва унинг birligini саклаш учун куч ишлатиб бўлса ҳам, ундан ҳар қандай ажралишни таъқиқлайди. Иккинчи ривоятга келсак, у давлатда бошлиқ, яъни халифа бўлмаган ҳолатга тегишли бўлиб, давлат раҳбарлиги, яъни халифалик икки кишига берилган бўлса, улардан иккинчиси ўлдирилиши керак, бу эса, ундан ҳам кўпроқ кишига берилганда, янада кучли далолат қилади. Бу ҳам давлатни бўлишнинг ман этилганига ишорадир. Яъни давлатни бир нечта давлатга айлантиришнинг ман этилганини ва давлатнинг бирлиги вожиб эканини билдиради. Шу сабабли, Исломда бошқарув тизими унитар тизим бўлиб, федератив тизим эмас, унитар тизимдан бошқа ҳар қандай тизим қатъий равишда ман этилган. Айни шу сабабдан ушбу модда тузилган.

“When oath of allegiance has been taken for two caliphs, kill the one for whom the oath was taken later.” (reported by Muslim). The angle of deduction from these two narrations is that the first narration explains that in the scenario that the Imamate, in other words, the Khilafah, is given to htto dispute with him over this Khilafah it would be obligatory to fight him and to kill him if he did not give up his contention. So the narration clarifies that whoever contends the leadership of the Khalifah in the Khilafah must be fought. And this is an allusion to indicate the prohibition of the division of the state, encouragement not to permit its division and prohibiting any separation from it even through the use of force to maintain its unity. As for the second narration, it is regarding the scenario when the state does not have a head, in other words, a Khalifah, and the leadership of the state, in other words, the Khilafah, was given to two people and so the second of them should be killed, and by greater reasoning if it was given to more than two. And this is an allusion to indicate the prohibition of the division of the state. This means the prohibition of making the state into multiple states and it being obligatory that the state is one. Consequently the system of ruling in Islam is a unitary system and not a federal system and anything other than the unitary system is conclusively prohibited, and for this reason the article was drafted.