Tafvid (vakolat berish) yordamchisini vakolatga ega qilishning sharti shundan iboratki, uning vakolati ikki masalani o'z ichiga olishi kerak: birinchisi — umumiy mas'uliyat, ikkinchisi — vakillik. Shunga ko'ra, xalifa unga: "Men sizni o'rnimda vakil sifatida tayinlayman" yoki umumiy mas'uliyat va vakillikni o'z ichiga oladigan so'zlardan birortasini, ya'ni shunga o'xshash ma'noni anglatadigan boshqa so'zlarni aytishi lozim. Bu vakolat xalifaga yordamchilarini muayyan joylarga yuborish yoki xalifaning yordamchisi sifatida zarur bo'lgan boshqa joylarga va boshqa ishlarga o'tkazish imkonini beradi, va yangi vakolat berish talab etilmaydi, chunki bularning barchasi dastlabki vakolat doirasiga kiradi.

It is a condition for the empowering of a delegated assistant (Tafwid), that his empowerment encompasses two issues: The first being general responsibility, and the second being the representation. Accordingly, it is necessary for the Khalifah to say to him “I appoint you on my behalf as my deputy” or anything that is of a similar meaning from the wordings that encompass the general responsibility and representation. This authorisation enables the Khalifah to send the assistants to specific locations, or transfer them to other places and other work as is required as the assistant of the Khalifah, and without the need for a new authorisation since it all falls under the original empowerment.

Dalil buning uchun yordamchining amaliy holati xizmat qiladi, ya’ni tafvid vaziri yoki tafvid yordamchisi — halifa o‘zi bilan birga hukm va vakolatni yuritish mas’uliyatini zimmasiga olishi uchun tayinlagan vazir. U ishlarni o‘z ijtihodiga ko‘ra boshqarishga va Shariat qoidalariga muvofiq ravishda olib borishga vakolatlidir; shu sababli halifa unga umumiy boshqaruv va vakillik huquqini beradi. Bu yerdagi vakillik shartnomadir, shartnomalar esa aniq so‘z bilan tuzilmasa to‘g‘ri bo‘lmaydi. Shu sababdan yordamchiga vakolat berish, uni halifaning o‘rnida vakil ekanligini va umumiy nazorat huquqiga ega ekanligini bildiradigan so‘zlar bilan amalga oshirilishi sharti qo‘yilgan. Masalan, halifa unga: “Men zimmamdagi ishlarni o‘rnimda bajarishing uchun senga topshirdim”, yoki: “Seni vazir qilib tayinladim va vakilligingni belgiladim”, yoki shunga o‘xshash boshqa so‘zlarni aytishi mumkin. Ya’ni, bu so‘zlar umumiy vakillik va umumiy nazoratni qamrab olishi kerak, qaysi shaklda tushunilishidan qat’i nazar. Demak, yordamchiga vakolat berish, uning halifa vakili ekanligini, halifaga tegishli majburiy vakolatlarning barchasini qamrab olishini ifodalovchi so‘zlarga asoslanishi shart. Boshqacha aytganda, yordamchi bilan vazirlik shartnomasi ikki shartni o‘z ichiga olgan so‘zlar bilan tuzilishi zarur: birinchisi umumiy nazorat, ikkinchisi vakillik. Agar so‘zlar bu ikki shartni aniq qamrab olmasa, yordamchi uchun vazirlik shartnomasi tuzilmagan hisoblanadi.

The evidence for this is the reality of the work of the assistant, since the minister of Tafwid, or the assistant of Tafwid, who is the minister that the Khalifah appointed to carry the responsibility of ruling and authority with him. He is authorised to manage the affairs according to his opinion, and to conduct them according to his Ijtihad in agreement with the Shari’ah rules, and so the Khalifah empowers him with a general handling and representation. The representation here is a contract, and contracts are not correct unless they are contracted with a direct word, and so for this reason, it has been made a condition that empowering an assistant must occur with wording that indicates he is a representative in the place of the Khalifah and has the general control. Such as if the Khalifah said to him “I granted you what is upon me, to act on my behalf”, or says, “I made you a minister, and decided upon your representation” or something similar. In other words, it should encompass the general representation and general control by any manner it is understood, so it is imperative that the empowerment of the assistant is upon words that indicate the reality of the assistant, which is the representative of the Khalifah, and takes everything in terms of mandatory powers which the Khalifah has. In other words, it is imperative that the contract of ministry with the assistant is upon a wording which encompasses two conditions: the first being general control, the second being representation, and if the wording does not explicitly cover these two conditions, then the ministry for the assistant is not contracted.

Garchi u vakillik va umumiy boshqaruv bilan vakolatlangan bo‘lsa-da, xalifa uni ma’lum bir ish yoki joyda, ma’lum bir vaqtda ishlatishi, boshqa vaqtda esa boshqa ish yoki boshqa joyda ishlatishi joizdir. Ikki sheyx (Muslim va Al-Buxoriy) Abu Hurayradan rivoyat qilganlar.

Though he is empowered with representation and general control, it is permitted for the Khalifah to use him in a specific action or place at a period of time, and for other work or another place at another time. The two sheikhs (Muslim and Al-Bukhari) reported from Abu Hurayrah.

. » عُمَرَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ بَ عَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ «.

. » عُمَرَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ بَ عَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ «.

Allohning Elchisi ﷺ Umarni sadaqa (zakot) yig‘ish uchun yubordi. (An-Nasoiy va Ad-Doramiy rivoyat qilganlar.)

“The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent Umar to collect Sadaqah (Zakah)”. Al-Nasa’i and Al-Darami reported.

. » حِينَ رَجَعَ مِنْ عُمْرَةِ الْجِعْرَانَةِ ب عََثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَ لَى الْحَجِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ « .

. » حِينَ رَجَعَ مِنْ عُمْرَةِ الْجِعْرَانَةِ ب عََثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَ لَى الْحَجِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ « .

“Payg‘ambar (phuh) ‘Umradan qaytganlarida, Abu Bakrni Haj uchun yubordilar”. Boshqacha aytganda, Abu Bakr (ra) va ‘Umar (ra) — Allah Elchisi (pbuh) ning ikki vaziri edilar — ma’lum ishlarni umumiy boshqarish vazifasi bilan yuklangan edilar, lekin Payg‘ambar (pbuh) davrida barcha ishlarda emas. Ular umumiy boshqaruv va vakillik huquqiga ega yordamchilar bo‘lsalar-da, bu tafvid vazirligi (Wizara’ Al-Tafwid) dan kelib chiqadi. ‘Ali (ra) va ‘Uthman (ra) ‘Umar (ra) davrida ham xuddi shunday qildilar. Hatto Abu Bakr (ra) davrida ham, uning yordamchisi ‘Umar (ra) umumiy boshqaruv va vakillikni juda yaqqol amalga oshirgan, shu darajaga yetganki, ba’zi sahobalar Abu Bakr (ra) ga: “Biz bilmaymiz, halifa ‘Umarmi yoki sizmi?” deyishgan. Shunga qaramay, Abu Bakr (ra) ba’zi davrlarda ‘Umar (ra) ni sud ishlari uchun mas’ul qilib qo‘ygan, bu Al-Bayhaqiy tomonidan Al-Hofiz kuchaytirgan silsila bilan rivoyat qilingan.

“When the Prophet (phuh) returned from ’Umra, he sent Abu Bakr for the Hajj”. In other words, Abu Bakr (ra) and Umar (ra) – who were the two ministers for the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) , were charged with general control over specific actions, and not in all the actions at the time of the Messenger (pbuh) , despite that they were assistants authorised with general control and representation as inferred from the ministry of authorisation (Wizara’ Al-Tafwid). ’Ali (ra) and ’Uthman (ra) did the same at the time of Umar (ra). And even during the time of Abu Bakr (ra) when his assistant Umar (ra) was very apparent in exercising general control and representation, to the point that some of the companions would say to Abu Bakr (ra) that we don’t know whether Umar (ra) or you is the Khalifah, despite that Abu Bakr (ra) would make Umar (ra) responsible for the judiciary in some periods, as has been reported by Al-Bayhaqi with a chain that was strengthened by Al- Hafiz.

Payg‘ambar (sav) va ulardan keyingi solih xalifalarning siyratidan shu narsa ma’lum bo‘ladiki, yordamchi umumiy nazorat va vakolatga ega bo‘ladi, lekin xalifa muayyan joyda yoki muayyan ishda yordamchining yordamini talab qilishi joizdir, xuddi Payg‘ambar ﷺ Abu Bakr (r.a.) va Umar (r.a.) bilan, hamda Abu Bakr (r.a.) Umar (r.a.) bilan shunday qilganidek. Bu xuddi bir yordamchiga shimoliy viloyatlarni, boshqasiga janubiy viloyatlarni topshirishga o‘xshaydi; birinchisini ikkinchisi o‘rniga, ikkinchisini birinchisi o‘rniga ishlatish joizdir, shuningdek, xalifaga yordam berish zaruratiga ko‘ra, bu birini falon kishining ishiga, u birini boshqa ishga o‘tkazish mumkin. Bunda yangi vakolat berish talab etilmaydi, balki bu holatda uni bir ishdan boshqa ishga yordam berish uchun o‘tkazish to‘g‘ridir, chunki u asl e’tiboriga ko‘ra umumiy nazorat va vakolatga ega qilingan edi, shuning uchun bu ishlarning barchasi yordamchi sifatidagi vakolatiga kiradi. Bu yordamchi bilan hokim o‘rtasidagi farqdir, chunki hokim bir hududda umumiy nazorat bilan vakolatlangan bo‘ladi va shu sababli u o‘sha hududdan ko‘chirilmaydi, balki yangi joy asl vakolatga kirmagani uchun unga yangi vakolat berilishi talab etiladi. Biroq umumiy nazorat va vakolat bilan vakolatlangan yordamchini, barcha ishlarda umumiy nazorat va vakolatga ega qilinganligi sababli, yangi vakolat bermasdan turli joylarda yordam berishdan boshqa joyga ko‘chirish mumkin.

From the Sirah of the Messenger (pbuh) and the righteous Khulafaa’ after him, it is understood that the assistant is authorised in the general control and representation, but it is permitted for the Khalifah to seek the help of the assistant in a particular place or action, just as the Prophet (phuh) did with Abu Bakr (ra) and Umar (ra), and as Abu Bakr (ra) did with Umar (ra). This is like charging an assistant to pursue the northern governorships, and another with the southern ones, and it is permitted to use the first one in the place of the second and vice versa, and to move this one to the work of such and such person, and the other to another work according to what was necessitated to assist the Khalifah. None of this requires a new authorisation, rather it is valid in this case to move him from one action to another to assist, since he was originally authorised with general control and representation, and so all of these actions are part of his authorisation as an assistant. This is a difference between the assistant and the governor, since the governor is empowered with the general control in an area, and so he is not moved from it, rather he requires a new empowerment, since the new place is not part of the original authorisation/empowerment. However, an assistant who is empowered with the general control and representation can be moved from assistance in one place to another place without needing a new empowerment, since he was originally empowered with general control and representation in all actions.