Modda 16 - Xalifalik davlatining qoralama konstitutsiyasi | Quran Course

Modda 16 - Xalifalik davlatining qoralama konstitutsiyasi | Quran Course

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Modda 16

Article 16

by Sheikh Taqiuddin An-Nabahani1 min readViewed 196 times

Hukmronlik tizimi unitar tizim bo‘lib, federal tizim emas.

The system of ruling is a unitary system and not a federal system.

Hukmronlikning yagona to‘g‘ri tizimi birlik tizimi bo‘lib, undan boshqasi qabul qilinmaydi. Buning sababi shuki, faqat shu tizimni shar’iy dalillar keltirgan va boshqasini man etgan; buni ‘Abdulloh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Os rivoyat qilgan: u Allohning Elchisi ﷺ ning shunday deganini eshitgan.

The only correct system for ruling is the unitary system and nothing else is acceptable. This is because the Shari’ah evidence brought it alone and prohibited anything else; it was narrated by ‘Abd Allah b. Amr b. Al-‘As that he heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say.

. وَمَنْ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا فَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يَدِهِ وَثَمَرَةَ قَ لْبِهِ فَ لْ يُطِعْهُ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ، فَإِنْ جَاءَ « » آخَرُ ي نَُازِعُهُ فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَ الآخَرِ.

. وَمَنْ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا فَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يَدِهِ وَثَمَرَةَ قَ لْبِهِ فَ لْ يُطِعْهُ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ، فَإِنْ جَاءَ « » آخَرُ ي نَُازِعُهُ فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَ الآخَرِ.

“Kim halifaga bay‘at qilsa, unga qo‘lining kaftini va yuragining samimiyatini berishi kerak (ya’ni, ham zohiran, ham botinan unga bo‘ysunishi kerak). Imkoni boricha unga itoat etishi lozim. Agar biror kishi (xalifalikka da’vogar sifatida) chiqib, uning hokimiyatiga qarshi bo‘lsa, (musulmonlar) shu kishining boshini kesishlari kerak”, deb rivoyat qilgan Muslim. Abu Sa‘id al-Xudriydan rivoyat qilinishicha, Allahning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degan:

“Agar ikki xalifaga bay'at berilgan bo'lsa, keyin bay'at berilgan kishini o'ldiringlar”, deb rivoyat qilgan Muslim. Ushbu ikki rivoyatdan olinadigan xulosa shuki, birinchi rivoyat Imomat, ya'ni Xilofat berilgan holatda, kimki bu Xilofat uchun u bilan talashsa, uni qarshi chiqishdan voz kechmasa, unga qarshi urush qilish va uni o'ldirish vojib bo'lishini bayon qiladi. Demak, rivoyat Xilofatda xalifalik yetakchiligini talashgan kishiga qarshi urush qilish kerakligini aniqlaydi. Bu esa davlatning bo'linishini man etishga, uni bo'linishga yo'l qo'ymaslikka undashga va uning birligini saqlash uchun, hatto kuch ishlatish orqali bo'lsa ham, undan har qanday ajralishni taqiqlashga ishoradir. Ikkinchi rivoyat esa davlatda boshliq, ya'ni xalifa bo'lmagan holatga, davlat yetakchiligi, ya'ni Xilofat ikki kishiga berilgan holatga taalluqlidir. Bunda ikkinchisini o'ldirish kerak bo'ladi, ikkidan ortiq kishiga berilgan bo'lsa, undan ham aniqroq shunday hukm qilinadi. Bu esa davlatni bo'lishni taqiqlashga ishoradir, ya'ni davlatni bir nechta davlatga aylantirish man etiladi va davlatning yagona bo'lishi vojib qilinadi. Shunga ko'ra, Islomdagi boshqaruv tizimi unitar tizim bo'lib, federal tizim emas, unitar tizimdan boshqa har qanday tizim qat'iy ravishda taqiqlangandir va ushbu modda aynan shu sababdan tuzilgan.

“When oath of allegiance has been taken for two caliphs, kill the one for whom the oath was taken later.” (reported by Muslim). The angle of deduction from these two narrations is that the first narration explains that in the scenario that the Imamate, in other words, the Khilafah, is given to htto dispute with him over this Khilafah it would be obligatory to fight him and to kill him if he did not give up his contention. So the narration clarifies that whoever contends the leadership of the Khalifah in the Khilafah must be fought. And this is an allusion to indicate the prohibition of the division of the state, encouragement not to permit its division and prohibiting any separation from it even through the use of force to maintain its unity. As for the second narration, it is regarding the scenario when the state does not have a head, in other words, a Khalifah, and the leadership of the state, in other words, the Khilafah, was given to two people and so the second of them should be killed, and by greater reasoning if it was given to more than two. And this is an allusion to indicate the prohibition of the division of the state. This means the prohibition of making the state into multiple states and it being obligatory that the state is one. Consequently the system of ruling in Islam is a unitary system and not a federal system and anything other than the unitary system is conclusively prohibited, and for this reason the article was drafted.