Modda 55 - Xalifalik davlatining qoralama konstitutsiyasi | Quran Course

Modda 55 - Xalifalik davlatining qoralama konstitutsiyasi | Quran Course

0% read · 1 min left

Xalifalik davlatining qoralama konstitutsiyasi Bookmark

This chapter was translated automatically from English and may contain mistakes. Read the original

Show original

Modda 55

Article 55

by Sheikh Taqiuddin An-Nabahani1 min readViewed 187 times

Hokim o'ziga berilgan vakolat doirasida amalga oshirgan ishlari haqida Xalifaga xabar berishga majbur emas. Agar yangi muammo paydo bo'lsa va unga oldin hech qanday misol bo'lmasa, u avval bu haqda Xalifaga xabar berishi kerak va shundan so'ng Xalifaning ko'rsatmalariga binoan ish tutadi. Agar kechiktirilsa, muammo yanada kuchayib ketishidan qo'rqsa, u ishni amalga oshiradi, so'ngra esa oldindan xabar bermaganining sababi haqida Xalifaga keyinroq xabar berishi shart.

The governor is not obliged to inform the Khalifah of what he has carried out within his authorised command. If a new problem arises which has no precedent, he has to inform the Khalifah about it first, and he then proceeds according to the instructions of the Khalifah. If he was afraid that the problem would be exacerbated if delayed, he carries out the action and then must inform the Khalifah later on about the reason for not informing him beforehand.

Dalil shuki, Payg'ambar (sollallohu alayhi vasallam) o'z hokimlariga vakolat bergan va ulardan qilgan ishlari haqida xabar berishni talab qilmagan, ular ham hech narsa haqida unga hisobot bermas edilar. Aksincha, ular o'z ishlarini to'liq mustaqillik bilan olib borar, har biri o'z rahbarligida o'z ijtihodi bo'yicha hukm yuritar edi; Mu'az, Attob ibn Asid, Al-A'la ibn Al-Hadramiy va Allah Elchisining (sollallohu alayhi vasallam) barcha hokimlarining yo'li shunday edi. Bu esa hokimning o'z ishlaridan hech narsa haqida xalifaga xabar bermasligini ko'rsatadi. Shu jihatdan u yordamchidan farq qiladi, chunki yordamchi o'zi qilgan har bir ishi haqida xalifaga xabar berishi shart, hokim esa o'z ishlarining hech biri haqida xalifaga xabar berishi majburiy emas.

Xalifa har bir yordamchining ishini tekshirib turishi vojib, lekin hokimning har bir ishini tekshirib turishi shart emas, garchi u hokimlarning ahvolini o‘rganib, ulardan kelgan xabarlarni tekshirib tursa ham. Shunga ko‘ra, hokim o‘z hokimligida cheklanmagan tasarruf huquqiga ega. Shu sababli Mu’oz Yamanga yuborilganda Rasulullah ﷺ ga: «Men o‘z fikrimni ishlataman», degan; bu esa hokimning xalifaga xabar bermasligi, balki o‘z fikri bilan ish tutishi dalilidir. Muhim masalalarda xalifaning fikrini olish man etilmagan, ammo xalqning manfaatlari kechikmasligi uchun u ahamiyatsiz masalalarda uning fikrini so‘ramaydi. Yangi bir narsa yuz bersa, uni xalifaning fikriga havola qiladi, chunki hokimlikka vakolat berish shuni anglatadiki, xalifa shahar yoki viloyatning yetakchiligini, ya’ni uning barcha aholisi ustidan hokimlikni va uning ishlaridagi ma’lum masalalar ustidan nazoratni hokimga topshiradi. Shunday ekan, oldin ma’lum bo‘lmagan yangi masala yuzaga kelsa, uni xalifaning tekshiruviga qoldiradi, agar bu zararli bo‘lishidan qo‘rqilmasa. Aks holda hokim masalani o‘zi hal qiladi va keyin xalifaga xabar beradi, chunki bu avval uchramagan masala edi.

It is obligatory that the Khalifah scrutinise every action the assistant undertakes, whereas it is not necessary for him to scrutinise every action of the governor, though he studies the situation of the governors and scrutinises the news from them. Accordingly, the governor has unrestricted action in his governorship, which is why Mu’adh said to the Messenger (pbuh) when he was sent to Yemen “I will exert my own opinion.”; so this is evidence that the governor does not inform the Khalifah, rather he exercises his opinion. It is not forbidden to take the opinion of the Khalifah in the important issues, but he does not seek his opinion in unimportant issues in order that the interests of the people are not delayed. If something new occurs, he leaves it to the opinion of the Khalifah, because the empowerment of the governorship is that the Khalifah delegates the leadership of a city or region to the governor which is a governorship over all its people, and control in the known issues from his actions. So if a new issue which was not previously known occurred, it is left for the examination of the Khalifah, unless it was feared that this would be detrimental, in which case the governor undertakes the issue and then informs the Khalifah, since it was an issue that was unprecedented.