Bibliografía

La vida de Ibn Hanbal Bookmark

This chapter was translated automatically from English and may contain mistakes. Read the original

Show original

Bibliografía

Bibliography

by Ibn Al-Jawzi6 min readViewed 33 times

ABREVIATURAS EI2 Encyclopaedia of Islam, Segunda Edición. Editada por P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E.

ABBREVIATIONS EI2 Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E.

van Donzel, y W. P. Heinrichs. Leiden: Brill Online, 2012.

van Donzel, and W. P. Heinrichs. Leiden: Brill Online, 2012.

http://www.brill.com/publications/online-resources/encyclopaedia-islam-online.

EI3 Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition. Edited by Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, and Everett Rowson. Leiden: Brill Online, 2014. http://www.brill.com/publications/onlineresources/ encyclopaedia-islam-online.

Abū l-ʿArab Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Tamīmī. Kitāb al-Miḥan. Editado por Yaḥyā Wahīb al-Jubūrī.

Abū l-ʿArab Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Tamīmī. Kitāb al-Miḥan. Edited by Yaḥyā Wahīb al-Jubūrī.

Beirut: Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī, 1403/1983.

Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī. Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ. El Cairo: al-Khānjī, 1932–38. Reimpresión, Beirut: al-Maktabah al-ʿIlmiyyah, s. f.

Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī. Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ. Cairo: al-Khānjī, 1932–38. Reprint, Beirut: al-Maktabah al- ʿIlmiyyah, n.d.

Abu Zahra, Nadia. "Adultery and Fornication." In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Abu Zahra, Nadia. “Adultery and Fornication.” In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Adang, Camilla. «Belief and Unbelief». En McAuliffe, *Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān*.

Adang, Camilla. “Belief and Unbelief.” In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Ahsan, M. M. Social Life under the Abbasids. New York: Longman, 1979.

Anvarī, Ḥasan. Farhang-e bozorg-e sokhan. 8 vols. Teherán: Intishārāt-e Sokhan, 1381/2002–3.

Anvarī, Ḥasan. Farhang-e bozorg-e sokhan. 8 vols. Tehran: Intishārāt-e Sokhan, 1381/2002–3.

Ashtor, E. «Mawāzīn». En EI2.

Ashtor, E. “Mawāzīn.” In EI2.

ʿAsqalānī, al-. Véase Ibn Ḥajar.

ʿAsqalānī, al-. See Ibn Ḥajar.

Baer, E. "Dawāt." En EI2.

Baer, E. “Dawāt.” In EI2.

[Baghdādī], Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Karīm al-. A Baghdad Cookery Book.

Traducido por Charles Perry. Totnes. Reino Unido: Prospect Books, 2005.

Translated by Charles Perry. Totnes. UK: Prospect Books, 2005.

Ballian, Anna. "Country Estates, Material Culture, and the Celebration of Princely Life: Islamic Art and the Secular Domain." En Evans with Ratliff, Byzantium and Islam, 200–8.

Ballian, Anna. “Country Estates, Material Culture, and the Celebration of Princely Life: Islamic Art and the Secular Domain.” In Evans with Ratliff, Byzantium and Islam, 200–8.

Bencheikh, Omar. "Nifṭawayh." En EI2.

Bencheikh, Omar. “Nifṭawayh.” In EI2.

Bernards, Monique, and John Nawas, eds. *Patronate and Patronage in Early and Classical Islam*.

Bernards, Monique, and John Nawas, eds. Patronate and Patronage in Early and Classical Islam.

Leiden: Brill, 2005.

Björkman, W. "Kāfir." En EI2.

Björkman, W. “Kāfir.” In EI2.

Böwering, G. «God and His Attributes» [«Dios y Sus Atributos»]. En McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Böwering, G. “God and His Attributes.” In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Bukhārī, Muḥammad al-. Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ. 9 vols. Būlāq: al-Amīriyyah, 1311/1893–94.

Bukhārī, Muḥammad al-. Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥiḥ. 9 vols. Būlāq: al-Amīriyyah, 1311/1893–94.

Bulliet, Richard. "Conversion-Based Patronage." En Bernards y Nawas, *Patronate and Patronage*, 246–62.

Bulliet, Richard. “Conversion-Based Patronage.” In Bernards and Nawas, Patronate and Patronage, 246–62.

Burton, J. "Muḥṣan." En EI2.

Burton, J. “Muḥṣan.” In EI2.

Chabbi, Jacqueline. "Zamzam." En EI2.

Chabbi, Jacqueline. “Zamzam.” In EI2.

Clarity, Beverly E., Karl Stowasser, Ronald G. Wolfe, D. R. Woodhead y Wayne Beene. A Dictionary of Iraqi Arabic. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2003.

Clarity, Beverly E., Karl Stowasser, Ronald G. Wolfe, D. R. Woodhead, and Wayne Beene. A Dictionary of Iraqi Arabic. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2003.

Colburn, Kathrin. «Materials and Techniques of Late Antique and Early Islamic Textiles Found in Egypt». En Evans con Ratliff, *Byzantium and Islam*, 161–71.

Colburn, Kathrin. “Materials and Techniques of Late Antique and Early Islamic Textiles Found in Egypt.” In Evans with Ratliff, Byzantium and Islam, 161–71.

Cook, Michael. Ordenar el bien y prohibir el mal en el pensamiento islámico. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Cook, Michael. Commanding Right and Forbidding Wrong in Islamic Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

———. «Los opositores a la puesta por escrito de la tradición en el islam temprano». Arabica 44:4 (octubre 1997):

———. “The Opponents of the Writing of Tradition in Early Islam.” Arabica 44:4 (October 1997):

437–530.

———. «Los orígenes del kalām». Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 43, no. 1 (1980):

———. “The Origins of Kalām.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 43, no. 1 (1980):

32–43.

Cooperson, Michael. *Biografía árabe clásica: Los herederos del Profeta en la época de al-Ma’mūn.*

Cooperson, Michael. Classical Arabic Biography: The Heirs of the Prophet in the Age of al-Ma’mūn.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

———. «Ibn Ḥanbal y Bishr al-Ḥāfī: un estudio de caso sobre las tradiciones biográficas». Studia Islamica 86

———. “Ibn Ḥanbal and Bishr al-Ḥāfī: A Case Study in Biographical Traditions.” Studia Islamica 86

(1997): 71–101.

———. «Al-Jāḥiẓ, los avaros y los ascetas proto-sunníes». En Al-Jāḥiẓ: A Muslim Humanist for Our Time, editado por Arnim Heinemann, John L. Meloy, Tarif Khalidi y Manfred Kropp, 197–219.

———. “Al-Jāḥiẓ, the Misers, and the Proto-Sunnī Ascetics.” In Al-Jāḥiẓ: A Muslim Humanist for Our Time, edited by Arnim Heinemann, John L. Meloy, Tarif Khalidi, and Manfred Kropp, 197–219.

Beiruter Texte und Studien 119. Beirut: Orient-Institut, 2009.

———. Al-Ma’mun. Oxford: Oneworld, 2005.

———. «Probabilidad, verosimilitud y "comunicación espiritual" en la biografía árabe clásica». En On Fiction and Adab in Medieval Arabic Literature, editado por Philip F. Kennedy, 69–83. Wiesbaden:

———. “Probability, Plausibility, and ‘Spiritual Communication’ in Classical Arabic Biography.” In On Fiction and Adab in Medieval Arabic Literature, edited by Philip F. Kennedy, 69–83. Wiesbaden:

Harrasowitz, 2005.

———. «Two Abbasid Trials: Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal and Ḥunayn b. Isḥāq.» Al-Qantara. Revista de estudios árabes 22, no. 2 (2001): 375–93.

———. “Two Abbasid Trials: Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal and Ḥunayn b. Isḥāq.” Al-Qantara. Revista de estudios árabes 22, no. 2 (2001): 375–93.

Crone, Patricia. *God's Rule: Government and Islam*. Nueva York: Columbia University Press, 2004.

Crone, Patricia. God’s Rule: Government and Islam. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.

———. Los profetas nativistas del Irán islámico temprano: revuelta rural y zoroastrismo local. Cambridge:

———. The Nativist Prophets of Early Islamic Iran: Rural Revolt and Local Zoroastrianism. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press, 2012.

Crone, Patricia, y Martin Hinds. God’s Caliph: Religious Authority in the First Centuries of Islam.

Crone, Patricia, and Martin Hinds. God’s Caliph: Religious Authority in the First Centuries of Islam.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

Crone, Patricia, y Shmuel Moreh. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia. Princeton: Markus Wiener, 2000.

Crone, Patricia, and Shmuel Moreh. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia. Princeton: Markus Wiener, 2000.

De Gifis, Vanessa. *Shaping a Qurʾanic Worldview: Scriptural Hermenutics and the Rhetoric of Moral Reform in the Caliphate of al-Maʾmūn.* Nueva York: Routledge, 2014.

De Gifis, Vanessa. Shaping a Qurʾanic Worldview: Scriptural Hermenutics and the Rhetoric of Moral Reform in the Caliphate of al-Maʾmūn. New York: Routledge, 2014.

Dekhodā, ʿAlī Akbar. Lughatnāmeh-ye Fārsī. Tehran: University of Tehran, 1982. En línea en http://www.loghatnaameh.org/.

Dekhodā, ʿAlī Akbar. Lughatnāmeh-ye Fārsī. Tehran: University of Tehran, 1982. Online at http://www.loghatnaameh.org/.

Dhahabi, Shams al-Dīn. Mīzān al-iʿtidāl. Editado por ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bījāwī. 4 vols. El Cairo: al-Bābī l-Ḥalabī, 1963.

Dhahabi, Shams al-Dīn. Mīzān al-iʿtidāl. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bījāwī. 4 vols. Cairo: al-Bābī l- Ḥalabī, 1963.

———. Al-Mushtabih fī asmāʾ al-rijāl. Editado por P. de Jong. Leiden: Brill, 1863.

———. Al-Mushtabih fī asmāʾ al-rijāl. Edited by P. de Jong. Leiden: Brill, 1863.

———. Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ. 25 vols. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1403/1983.

Donner, Frederick M. «Maymūn b. Mihrān, Abū Ayyūb». En EI2.

Donner, Frederick M. “Maymūn b. Mihrān, Abū Ayyūb.” In EI2.

Dozy, Reinhart. Dictionnaire détaillé des noms de vêtements chez les Arabes. Ámsterdam: Jean Müller, 1845. https://archive.org/details/dictionnairedta00iiigoog.

Dozy, Reinhart. Dictionnaire détaillé des noms de vêtements chez les Arabes. Amsterdam: Jean Müller, 1845. https://archive.org/details/dictionnairedta00iiigoog.

Eger, A. Asa. The Islamic-Byzantine Frontier. London: I. B. Tauris, 2015.

El Omari: ver Omari.

El Omari: see Omari.

[Encyclopaedia Judaica.] “Lamed Vav Ẓaddikim.” En Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2.ª ed., editada por Michael Berenbaum y Fred Skolnik, 12:445–46. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007.

[Encyclopaedia Judaica.] “Lamed Vav Ẓaddikim.” In Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd ed., edited by Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik, 12:445–46. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007.

Evans, Helen C., ed., con Brandie Ratliff. Bizancio y el Islam: Era de transición, siglos VII–IX.

Evans, Helen C., ed., with Brandie Ratliff. Byzantium and Islam: Age of Transition, 7th–9th Century.

Nueva York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2012.

New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2012.

Fīrūzābādī, al-. Al-Qāmūs al-muḥīṭ. El Cairo: Dar al-Maʾmūn, 1938. http://www.baheth.info/.

Fīrūzābādī, al-. Al-Qāmūs al-muḥīṭ. Cairo: Dar al-Maʾmūn, 1938. http://www.baheth.info/.

Fluck, Cäcilia. «Inscribed Textiles». En Evans con Ratliff, Byzantium and Islam, 183–85.

Fluck, Cäcilia. “Inscribed Textiles.” In Evans with Ratliff, Byzantium and Islam, 183–85.

Gacek, Adam. Arabic Manuscripts: A Vademecum for Readers. Leiden: Brill, 2009.

Goitein, Shelomo Dov. Una sociedad mediterránea: las comunidades judías del mundo árabe según se reflejan en los documentos de la Genizá del Cairo. 6 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967–93.

Goitein, Shelomo Dov. A Mediterranean Society: The Jewish Communities of the Arab World as Portrayed in the Documents of the Cairo Geniza. 6 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967–93.

Goldziher, I. "Awtād." En EI2.

Goldziher, I. “Awtād.” In EI2.

Goldziher, I., y H. J. Kissling. "Abdāl." En EI2.

Goldziher, I., and H. J. Kissling. “Abdāl.” In EI2.

Grabar, Oleg. The Illustrations of the Maqamat. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984.

Günther, Sebastian. «Ummī». En McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Günther, Sebastian. “Ummī.” In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Guthrie, Shirley. Arab Social Life in the Middle Ages: An Illustrated Study. London: Saqi, 1995.

Halm, H. "Al-Qushayrī." En EI2.

Halm, H. “Al-Qushayrī.” In EI2.

Ḥanbal ibn Isḥāq ibn Ḥanbal. Dhikr miḥnat al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edición de Muḥammad Naghsh. El Cairo: Nashr al-Thaqāfah, 1398/1977.

Ḥanbal ibn Isḥāq ibn Ḥanbal. Dhikr miḥnat al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edited by Muḥammad Naghsh. Cairo: Nashr al-Thaqāfah, 1398/1977.

Heller, B. "Lázaro." En EI2.

Heller, B. “Lazarus.” In EI2.

Hill, D. R. "Māʾ, 3. Hydraulic Machines." En EI2.

Hill, D. R. “Māʾ, 3. Hydraulic Machines.” In EI2.

———. «Naʿūra». En EI2.

———. “Naʿūra.” In EI2.

Hinds, Martin. "Miḥna." En EI2.

Hinds, Martin. “Miḥna.” In EI2.

Hinz, W. "Dhirāʿ." En EI2.

Hinz, W. “Dhirāʿ.” In EI2.

Honigmann, Ernst. La frontera oriental del Imperio bizantino desde 363 hasta 1071. Bruselas: Institut de philologie et d'histoire orientales, 1935.

Honigmann, Ernst. Die Ostgrenze des Byzaninischen Reiches von 363 bis 1071. Brussels: Institut de philologie et d’histoire orientales, 1935.

Hurvitz, Nimrod. The Formation of Hanbalism: Piety into Power. Nueva York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002.

Hurvitz, Nimrod. The Formation of Hanbalism: Piety into Power. New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002.

Ibn Abī Yaʿlā l-Farrāʾ. Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābilah. Editado por ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Sulaymān al-ʿUthaymīn.

Ibn Abī Yaʿlā l-Farrāʾ. Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābilah. Edited by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Sulaymān al-ʿUthaymīn.

3 vols. Riad: al-Amānah al-ʿĀmmah li-l-Iḥtifāl bi-Murūr Miʾat ʿĀm, 1419/1999.

3 vols. Riyad: al-Amānah al-ʿĀmmah li-l-Iḥtifāl bi-Murūr Miʾat ʿĀm, 1419/1999.

https://archive.org/details/Tabaqat_Hanabila.

Ibn al-Athīr, ʿIzz al-Dīn. Usd al-ghābah fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥābah. 2.ª ed. Editado por ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwaḍ y ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1424/2003.

Ibn al-Athīr, ʿIzz al-Dīn. Usd al-ghābah fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥābah. 2nd ed. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwaḍ and ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1424/2003.

Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī. Fatḥ al-bārī bi-sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. Editado por Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī, Muḥibb al-Dīn al-Khaṭīb y Quṣayy Muḥibb al-Dīn al-Khaṭīb. 13 vols. S.l.: Dār al-Rayyān, 1407/1986. http://islamweb.net.

Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī. Fatḥ al-bārī bi-sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. Edited by Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al- Bāqī, Muḥibb al-Dīn al-Khaṭīb, and Quṣayy Muḥibb al-Dīn al-Khaṭīb. 13 vols. N.p: Dār al-Rayyān, 1407/1986. http://islamweb.net.

———. Tabṣīr al-muntabih bi-taḥrīr al-Mushtabih. Edición de ʿAlī Aḥmad al-Bajāwī y Muḥammad ʿAlī l-Najjār. Beirut: al-Maktabah al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1964.

———. Tabṣīr al-muntabih bi-taḥrīr al-Mushtabih . Edited by ʿAlī Aḥmad al-Bajāwī and Muḥammad ʿAlī l-Najjār. Beirut: al-Maktabah al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1964.

http://www.archive.org/details/TabsirAlmuntabih.

———. Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb. Editado por Ibrāhīm al-Zaybaq y ʿĀdil Murshid. 4 vols. Beirut:

———. Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb. Edited by Ibrāhīm al-Zaybaq and ʿĀdil Murshid. 4 vols. Beirut:

Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1416/1995.

Ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad. Al-Jāmiʿ fī l-ʿilāl wa-maʿrifat al-rijāl. Editado por Muḥammad Ḥuṣām Bayḍūn.

Ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad. Al-Jāmiʿ fī l-ʿilāl wa-maʿrifat al-rijāl. Edited by Muḥammad Ḥuṣām Bayḍūn.

Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Kutub al-Thaqāfiyyah, 1410/1990.

———. Kitāb al-Waraʿ. Editado por Zaynab Ibrāhīm al-Qārūṭ. Beirut: al-ʿĀlamiyyah, 1403/1983.

———. Kitāb al-Waraʿ. Edited by Zaynab Ibrāhīm al-Qārūṭ. Beirut: al-ʿĀlamiyyah, 1403/1983.

———. Kitāb al-Zuhd. Editado por Muḥammad Jalāl Sharaf. Beirut: Dār al-Nahḍah, 1981.

———. Kitāb al-Zuhd. Edited by Muḥammad Jalāl Sharaf. Beirut: Dār al-Nahḍah, 1981.

——— [attr.]. Al-Radd ʿalā l-zanādiqah wa-l-jahmiyyah. El Cairo: al-Salafiyyah, 1393/1973–74.

——— [attr.]. Al-Radd ʿalā l-zanādiqah wa-l-jahmiyyah . Cairo: al-Salafiyyah, 1393/1973–74.

Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū l-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAlī. Kitāb al-Quṣṣāṣ wa-l-mudhakkirīn. Editado por Merlin L. Swartz. Beirut: Dār al-Mashriq, 1971.

Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū l-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAlī. Kitāb al-Quṣṣāṣ wa-l-mudhakkirīn . Edited by Merlin L. Swartz. Beirut: Dār al-Mashriq, 1971.

———. Manāqib al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Editado por Muḥammad Amīn al-Khānjī l-Kutubī. El Cairo:

———. Manāqib al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edited by Muḥammad Amīn al-Khānjī l-Kutubī. Cairo:

Maktabat al-Khānjī, 1349/1931–32.

———. Manāqib al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Editado por ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muḥsin al-Turkī. 2.ª ed. revisada. Giza: Hajr, 1988. Publicado por primera vez en 1399 H/1979 por Maktabat al-Khānjī en El Cairo.

———. Manāqib al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edited by ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muḥsin al-Turkī. 2 nd rev. ed. Giza: Hajr, 1988. First published in 1399/1979 by Maktabat al-Khānjī in Cairo.

———. Una crítica medieval del antropomorfismo: Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat de Ibn al-Jawzi: edición crítica del texto árabe con traducción, introducción y notas. Editado y traducido por Merlin Swartz. Leiden: Brill, 2002.

———. A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism: Ibn al-Jawzi’s Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat: A Critical Edition of the Arabic Text with Translation, Introduction and Notes. Edited and translated by Merlin Swartz. Leiden: Brill, 2002.

Ibn Manẓūr. Lisān al-ʿarab. Editado por ʿAbd Allāh ʿAlī al-Kabīr, Muḥammad Aḥmad Ḥasab Allāh y Ḥāshim Muḥammad al-Shādhilī. El Cairo: Dār al-Maʿārif, 1981. http://www.baheth.info/.

Ibn Manẓūr. Lisān al-ʿarab. Edited by ʿAbd Allāh ʿAlī al-Kabīr, Muḥammad Aḥmad Ḥasab Allāh, and Ḥāshim Muḥammad al-Shādhilī. Cairo: Dār al-Maʿārif, 1981. http://www.baheth.info/.

Ibn al-Murtaḍā, Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā. Kitāb Ṭabaqāt al-muʿtazilah. Die Klassen der muʿtaziliten. Editado por Susanna Diwald-Wilzer. Wiesbaden y Berlín: Franz Steiner, 1961.

Ibn al-Murtaḍā, Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā. Kitāb Ṭabaqāt al-muʿtazilah. Die Klassen der muʿtaziliten. Edited by Susanna Diwald-Wilzer. Wiesbaden and Berlin: Franz Steiner, 1961.

Ibn Qutaybah. Adab al-kātib. Editado por Muḥammad al-Dālī. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1402/1982.

Ibn Qutaybah. Adab al-kātib. Edited by Muḥammad al-Dālī. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1402/1982.

Inalcık, H. “Quṭn” (2). En EI2.

Inalcık, H. “Quṭn” (2). In EI2.

Iṣfahānī, Abū l-Faraj al-. Kitāb al-Aghānī. Editado por Ibrāhīm al-Ibyārī. 33 vols. El Cairo: Dār al-Shaʿb, 1969–82.

Iṣfahānī, Abū l-Faraj al-. Kitāb al-Aghanī. Edited by Ibrāhīm al-Ibyārī. 33 vols. Cairo: Dār al-Shaʿb, 1969–82.

Iqbal, Muzaffar. Reseña de *Virtues of the Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal*. Islamic Sciences 13 (2015): 43–44.

Iqbal, Muzaffar. Review of Virtues of the Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Islamic Sciences 13 (2015): 43–44.

Iṣfahānī, Abū Nuʿaym al-: véase Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī.

Iṣfahānī, Abū Nuʿaym al-: see Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī.

Jadʿān, Fahmī. Al-Miḥnah: Baḥth fī jadaliyyat al-dīnī wa-l-siyāsī fī l-Islām. Amán: Dār al-Shurūq, 1989.

Jadʿān, Fahmī. Al-Miḥnah: Baḥth fī jadaliyyat al-dīnī wa-l-siyāsī fī l-Islām . Amman: Dār al-Shurūq, 1989.

Jāḥiẓ, al-. The Book of Misers. Translated by R. B. Serjeant. Reading: Garnet, 1997. Nota: esto ya está en español en la forma de una referencia bibliográfica; la traducción de los títulos y los datos de la obra se mantienen como aparecen en el original.

Jāḥiẓ, al-. The Book of Misers. Translated by R. B. Serjeant. Reading: Garnet, 1997.

———. Al-Bujalāʾ. Editado por Ṭāhā l-Ḥājiri. El Cairo: Dār al-Kitāb al-Miṣrī, 1948.

———. Al-Bukhalāʾ. Edited by Ṭāhā l-Ḥājiri. Cairo: Dār al-Kitāb al-Miṣrī, 1948.

———. Rasāʾil. Edición de ʿAbd al-Salām Hārūn. 4 vols. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl, 1411/1991.

———. Rasāʾil. Edited by ʿAbd al-Salām Hārūn. 4 vols. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl, 1411/1991.

Jeffrey, A. "Āzār." En EI2.

Jeffrey, A. “Āzār.” In EI2.

Jomier, J. "Dikka." En EI2.

Jomier, J. “Dikka.” In EI2.

Juynboll, J. H. A. «Shuʿba b. al-Ḥadjdjādj». En EI2.

Juynboll, J. H. A. “Shuʿba b. al-Ḥadjdjādj.” In EI2.

Katz, Marion H. "ʿAzīmah y rukhṣah." En EI3.

Katz, Marion H. “ʿAzīmah and Rukhṣah.” In EI3.

Keller, Nun Ha Mim. Véase Misri, al-.

Keller, Nun Ha Mim. See Misri, al-.

Kennedy, Hugh N. The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State. Londres:

Kennedy, Hugh N. The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State. London:

Routledge, 2001.

Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, al-. Taʾrīkh Baghdād. Editado por Muṣṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭāʾ. 14 vols. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1417/1997.

Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, al-. Taʾrīkh Baghdād. Edited by Muṣṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭāʾ. 14 vols. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1417/1997.

Kilito, Abdelfattah. *El autor y sus dobles*. Traducido por Michael Cooperson. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2001.

Kilito, Abdelfattah. The Author and His Doubles. Translated by Michael Cooperson. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2001.

Kinberg, Leah. "Paradise." En McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Kinberg, Leah. “Paradise.” In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

———. «¿Qué se entiende por zuhd?». Studia Islamica 61 (1985): 27–44.

———. “What Is Meant by Zuhd.” Studia Islamica 61 (1985): 27–44.

Lane, Edward William, y Stanley Lane-Poole. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Londres: Williams and Norgate, 1863–93. http://ejtaal.net.

Lane, Edward William, and Stanley Lane-Poole. An Arabic-English Lexicon. London: Williams and Norgate, 1863–93. http://ejtaal.net.

Lange, Christian. "Expiation." En EI3.

Lange, Christian. “Expiation.” In EI3.

Lapidus, I. M. «La separación entre Estado y religión en el desarrollo de la sociedad islámica temprana». International Journal of Middle East Studies 6 (1975): 363–85.

Lapidus, I. M. “The Separation of State and Religion in the Development of Early Islamic Society.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 6 (1975): 363–85.

Lassner, J. «Nahr ʿĪsā». En EI2.

Lassner, J. “Nahr ʿĪsā.” In EI2.

Le Strange, Guy. Baghdad durante el Califato abasí. Oxford, 1900. Reimpresión, Westport, CT:

Le Strange, Guy Baghdad during the Abbasid Caliphate. Oxford, 1900. Reprint, Westport, CT:

Greenwood Press, 1983.

Longrigg, S. H. «ʿĀna». En EI2.

Longrigg, S. H. “ʿĀna.” In EI2.

Lucas, Scott C. Constructive Critics, Hadith Literature, and the Articulation of Sunni Islam: The Legacy of the Generation of Ibn Saʿd, Ibn Maʿīn, and Ibn Ḥanbal. Leiden: Brill, 2004.

Madelung, Wilferd. "Mahdī." En EI2.

Madelung, Wilferd. “Mahdī.” In EI2.

———. «Los orígenes de la controversia sobre la creación del Corán». En Religious Schools and Sects in Medieval Islam, editado por Wilferd Madelung, 504–25. Londres: Ashgate, 1985.

———. “The Origins of the Controversy Concerning the Creation of the Qurʾān.” In Religious Schools and Sects in Medieval Islam, edited by Wilferd Madelung, 504–25. London: Ashgate, 1985.

Makdisi, George. The Rise of Humanism in Classical Islam and the Christian West. Edimburgo:

Makdisi, George. The Rise of Humanism in Classical Islam and the Christian West. Edinburgh:

Edinburgh University Press, 1990.

Maqdisī, Taqī l-Dīn. Miḥnat al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Editado por ʿAbd Allāh al-Turkī. Giza: Hajr, 1987.

Maqdisī, Taqī l-Dīn. Miḥnat al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edited by ʿAbd Allāh al-Turkī. Giza: Hajr, 1987.

Martin, Richard. "Createdness of the Qurʾān." En McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Martin, Richard. “Createdness of the Qurʾān.” In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Maṭlūb, Aḥmad. Muʿjam al-malābis fī lisān al-ʿarab. Beirut: Maktabat Lubnān, 1995.

McAuliffe, Jane Dammen, ed. Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Leiden: Brill Online, 2012.

http://www.brill.com/publications/online-resources/encyclopaedia-quran-online.

Melchert, Christopher. "Los adversarios de Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal." Arabica 44 (1997): 234–53.

Melchert, Christopher. “The Adversaries of Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal.” Arabica 44 (1997): 234–53.

———. Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Makers of the Muslim World. Oxford: Oneworld, 2006.

———. «Ahmad ibn Hanbal y el Corán». Journal of Qur'anic Studies 6, no. 2 (2004): 22–34.

———. “Ahmad ibn Hanbal and the Qur’an.” Journal of Qur’anic Studies 6, no. 2 (2004): 22–34.

———. “El Libro de la Renuncia de Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal.” Der Islam 85 (2008): 345–59.

———. “Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal’s Book of Renunciation.” Der Islam 85 (2008): 345–59.

———. «Early Renunciants as Hadith Transmitters». Muslim World 92 (2002): 407–18.

———. “Early Renunciants as Hadith Transmitters.” Muslim World 92 (2002): 407–18.

———. «Miedo exagerado en la tradición ascética islámica temprana». Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 3, n.º 21 (2011): 283–300.

———. “Exaggerated Fear in the Early Islamic Renunciant Tradition.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 3, no. 21 (2011): 283–300.

———. La formación de las escuelas sunníes de derecho, siglos IX–X d. C. Leiden: Brill, 1997.

———. The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th–10th Centuries C.E. Leiden: Brill, 1997.

———. «Los Ḥanābila y los primeros sufíes». Arabica 48 (2001): 352–67.

———. “The Ḥanābila and the Early Sufis.” Arabica 48 (2001): 352–67.

———. «Hasan al-Basri, al-.» En Dictionary of Literary Biography 311: Arabic Literary Culture, 500–925, editado por Michael Cooperson y Shawkat M. Toorawa, 121–27. Detroit: Thomson Gale, 2005.

———. “Hasan al-Basri, al-.” In Dictionary of Literary Biography 311: Arabic Literary Culture, 500– 925, edited by Michael Cooperson and Shawkat M. Toorawa, 121–27. Detroit: Thomson Gale, 2005.

———. “El Musnad de Ahmad ibn Hanbal: cómo fue compuesto y qué lo distingue de los Seis Libros.” Der Islam 82 (2005): 32–51.

———. “The Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal: How It Was Composed and What Distinguishes It from the Six Books.” Der Islam 82 (2005): 32–51.

———. «The Piety of the Hadith Folk». International Journal of Middle East Studies 34 (2002): 425–39.

———. “The Piety of the Hadith Folk.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 34 (2002): 425– 39.

———. «Religious Policies of the Caliphs from al-Mutawakkil to al-Muqtadir, AH 232–295/AD 847– 908.» Islamic Law and Society 3, no. 3 (1996): 316–42.

———. “Religious Policies of the Caliphs from al-Mutawakkil to al-Muqtadir, AH 232–295/AD 847– 908.” Islamic Law and Society 3, no. 3 (1996): 316–42.

———. Reseña de *Virtudes del Imām Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal*, Vol. I. Journal of Islamic Studies (2014)

———. Review of Virtues of the Imām Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal, Vol. I. Journal of Islamic Studies (2014)

344–55.

Mietke, Gabriele. "Vine Rinceaux." En Evans con Ratliff, *Byzantium and Islam*, 175–82.

Mietke, Gabriele. “Vine Rinceaux.” In Evans with Ratliff, Byzantium and Islam, 175–82.

Minorsky, V. “Ṣaḥna.” En EI2.

Minorsky, V. “Ṣaḥna.” In EI2.

Misri, Ahmad ibn Naqib al-. Reliance of the Traveler. Edited and translated by Nun Ha Mim Keller.

Beltsville, MD: Amana, 1999.

Monnot, G. «Ṣalāt». En EI2.

Monnot, G. “Ṣalāt.” In EI2.

Mourad, Sulaiman Ali. Early Islam between Myth and History: Al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī (d. 110H/728CE) and the Formation of His Legacy in Classical Islamic Scholarship. Leiden: Brill, 2005.

Mubārakfūrī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-. Al-Aḥwadhī bi-sharḥ Jāmiʿ al-Tirmidhī. Beirut: al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1418/1997. http://islamweb.net.

Mubārakfūrī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-. Al-Aḥwadhī bi-sharḥ Jāmiʿ al-Tirmidhī . Beirut: al- ʿIlmiyyah, 1418/1997. http://islamweb.net.

Nagel, T. «Ḳurrāʾ». En EI2.

Nagel, T. “Ḳurrāʾ.” In EI2.

———. Rechtleitung und Kalifat. Versuch über eine Grundfrage der islamischen Geschichte. Studien zum Minderheitenproblem im Islam 2. Bonn: Selbstverlag des Orientalischen Seminars der Universität Bonn, 1975.

Nawas, John A. Al-Maʾmūn. Miḥna and Caliphate. Nijmegen, 1992.

———. “La Mihna de 218 H./833 d. C. revisitada: un estudio empírico.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 116 (1996): 698–708.

———. “The Mihna of 218 A.H./833 A.D. Revisited: An Empirical Study.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 116 (1996): 698–708.

Northedge, Alistair. Historical Topography of Samarra. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, 2005.

Omari, Racha El. "Beatific Vision." En The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World, editado por John L.

Omari, Racha El. “Beatific Vision.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World, edited by John L.

Esposito, 1:331–32. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

———. «Kitāb al-Ḥayda: The Historical Significance of an Apocryphal Text». En Islamic Philosophy, Science, Culture, and Religion: Studies in Honor of Dimitri Gutas, editado por Felicitas Opwis y David C. Reisman, 419–51. Leiden: Brill, 2012.

———. “Kitāb al-Ḥayda: The Historical Significance of an Apocryphal Text.” In Islamic Philosophy, Science, Culture, and Religion: Studies in Honor of Dimitri Gutas, edited by Felicitas Opwis and David C. Reisman, 419–51. Leiden: Brill, 2012.

Patton, Walter M. Aḥmed Ibn Ḥanbal y la Miḥna. Leiden: Brill, 1897.

Patton, Walter M. Aḥmed Ibn Ḥanbal and the Miḥna. Leiden: Brill, 1897.

Pellat, C. «Al-Masḥ ʿAlā l-Khuffayn». En EI2.

Pellat, C. “Al-Masḥ ʿAlā l-Khuffayn.” In EI2.

Perkins, Tasi. "Hagiography and Hanbalism." Marginalia, 18 de agosto de 2015.

Perkins, Tasi. “Hagiography and Hanbalism.” Marginalia, August 18, 2015.

http://marginalia.lareviewofbooks.org/hagiography-and-hanbalism-by-tasi-perkins/ Perry, Charles. Véase Baghdādī, al-.

http://marginalia.lareviewofbooks.org/hagiography-and-hanbalism-by-tasi-perkins/ Perry, Charles. See Baghdādī, al-.

Pérès, H. «Al-Ramādī». En EI2.

Pérès, H. “Al-Ramādī.” In EI2.

Peters, R. “Zinā or Zināʾ.” En EI2.

Peters, R. “Zinā or Zināʾ.” In EI2.

Picken, Gavin. "Ibn Ḥanbal and al-Muḥāsibī: A Study of Early Conflicting Scholarly Methodologies." Arabica 55 (2008): 337–61.

Picken, Gavin. “Ibn Ḥanbal and al-Muḥāsibī: A Study of Early Conflicting Scholarly Methodologies.” Arabica 55 (2008): 337–61.

Qāḍī, Wadād al-. "The Earliest Nābita and the Paradigmatic Nawābit." Studia Islamica 78 (1993): 27–61.

Qāḍī, Wadād al-. “The Earliest Nābita and the Paradigmatic Nawābit.” Studia Islamica 78 (1993): 27– 61.

Qurṭubī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, al-. Al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān. Editado por ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muḥsin al-Turkī. 24 vols. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 2006.

Qurṭubī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, al-. Al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān. Edited by ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muḥsin al-Turkī. 24 vols. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 2006.

http://www.archive.org.

Raddatz, H. P. «Sufyān al-Thawrī». En EI2.

Raddatz, H. P. “Sufyān al-Thawrī.” In EI2.

Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī, al-. Muḥāḍarāt al-udabāʾ. Beirut: Dār Maktabat al-Ḥayāh, 1961.

Reinhart, A. K. "Shaʿr, 2: Legal Aspects Regarding Human Hair." En EI2.

Reinhart, A. K. “Shaʿr, 2: Legal Aspects Regarding Human Hair.” In EI2.

Rippin, A. "Al-Ṣiddīḳ." En EI2.

Rippin, A. “Al-Ṣiddīḳ.” In EI2.

Robinson, Neal. «Antichrist». En McAufliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Robinson, Neal. “Antichrist.” In McAufliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Rowson, Everett. "Los afeminados de la Medina temprana." Journal of the American Oriental Society 111, no.

Rowson, Everett. “The Effeminates of Early Medina.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 111, no.

4 (1991): 671–93.

Sadan, J. "Mafrūshāt." En EI2.

Sadan, J. “Mafrūshāt.” In EI2.

Ṣāliḥ ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Sīrat al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Editado por Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Munʿim Aḥmad. Alejandría: Muʾassasat al-Jāmiʿah, 1401/1981.

Ṣāliḥ ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Sīrat al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edited by Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Munʿim Aḥmad. Alexandria: Muʾassasat al-Jāmiʿah, 1401/1981.

Samʿānī, Abū Saʿd ʿAbd al-Karīm ibn Muḥammad. Al-Ansāb. Editado por ʿAbd Allāh ʿUmar al-Bārūdī.

Samʿānī, Abū Saʿd ʿAbd al-Karīm ibn Muḥammad. Al-Ansāb. Edited by ʿAbd Allāh ʿUmar al-Bārūdī.

5 tomos. Beirut: al-Jinān, 1408/1988. http://www.archive.org.

5 vols. Beirut: al-Jinān, 1408/1988. http://www.archive.org.

Sarhan, Saud Al-. «Early Muslim Traditionalism: A Critical Study of the Works and Political Theology of Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal». Tesis doctoral, Universidad de Exeter, 2011.

Sarhan, Saud Al-. “Early Muslim Traditionalism: A Critical Study of the Works and Political Theology of Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal.” PhD diss., University of Exeter, 2011.

———. «“‘La paciencia es mejor que la sedición’: El pensamiento político de Ahmad ibn Hanbal”». Ponencia presentada en la segunda LIVIT (Legitimate and Illegitimate Violence in Early Islamic Thought).

———. “‘Patience Is Better Than Sedition’: The Political Thought of Ahmad Ibn Hanbal.” Paper delivered at the second LIVIT (Legitimate and Illegitimate Violence in Early Islamic Thought)

Conferencia, Instituto de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Universidad de Exeter, Reino Unido, 5–6 de septiembre de 2011.

conference, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, UK, September 5–6, 2011.

Schacht, J. «Ibn Nudjaym». En EI2.

Schacht, J. “Ibn Nudjaym.” In EI2.

Schoeler, Gregor. La génesis de la literatura oral en el Islam. Del oral al escrito. En colaboración con Shawkat Toorawa y traducido por él. Edimburgo: Edinburgh University Press, 2009.

Schoeler, Gregor. The Genesis of Oral Literature in Islam. From the Oral to the Read. In collaboration with and translated by Shawkat Toorawa. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009.

Sargento: véase Jāḥiẓ, al-.

Serjeant: see Jāḥiẓ, al-.

Sezgin, Fuat. Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums. 12 vols. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1967–2010. Note: The source text is in German, not English, but the instructions say to translate the user's text into Spanish, so I translate it as given. Sezgin, Fuat. Historia de la literatura árabe. 12 vols. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1967–2010.

Sezgin, Fuat. Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums. 12 vols. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1967–2010.

Shāfiʿī, Muḥammad ibn Idrīs al-. The Epistle on Legal Theory. Edited and translated by Joseph E.

Lowry. Nueva York: New York University Press, 2013.

Lowry. New York University Press, 2013.

Shah, Mustafa. «La búsqueda de los orígenes de los qurrāʾ en la tradición islámica clásica». Journal of Qurʾanic Studies 7, no. 2 (2005): 1-35

Shah, Mustafa. “The Quest for the Origins of the Qurrāʾ in the Classical Islamic Tradition.” Journal of Qurʾanic Studies 7, no. 2 (2005): 1-35

Sizgorich, Thomas. Violencia y creencia en la Antigüedad tardía: devoción militante en el cristianismo y el islam.

Sizgorich, Thomas. Violence and Belief in Late Antiquity: Militant Devotion in Christianity and Islam.

Filadelfia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009.

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009.

Sourdel, Dominique. "La politique religieuse du caliph ʿabbaside al-Maʾmūn." Revue des études islamiques 20 (1962): 27–48.

Sourdel, Dominique. “La politique religieuse du caliph ʿabbaside al-Maʾmūn.” Revue des études islamiques 20 (1962): 27–48.

Sourdel-Thomine, J. «Ḥammām». En EI2.

Sourdel-Thomine, J. “Ḥammām.” In EI2.

Steingass, Francis Joseph. A Comprehensive Persian-English dictionary. Londres: Routledge & K. Paul, 1892.

Steingass, Francis Joseph. A Comprehensive Persian-English dictionary. London: Routledge & K. Paul, 1892.

Steppat, Fritz. «From ʿAhd Ardašīr to al-Maʾmūn: A Persian Element in the Policy of the Miḥna.» En Studia Arabica et Islamica. Festschrift for Iḥsān ʿAbbās on His Sixtieth Birthday, editado por Wadād al-Qāḍī, 451–54. Beirut: American University of Beirut, 1981.

Steppat, Fritz. “From ʿAhd Ardašīr to al-Maʾmūn: A Persian Element in the Policy of the Miḥna.” In Studia Arabica et Islamica. Festschrift for Iḥsān ʿAbbās on His Sixtieth Birthday, edited by Wadād al- Qāḍī, 451–54. Beirut: American University of Beirut, 1981.

Stillman, Y. K. "Libās." En EI2.

Stillman, Y. K. “Libās.” In EI2.

Swartz, Merlin. Ibn al-Jawzi, a Study of His Life and Work as Preacher: Including a Critical Edition and Translation of His Kitāb al-Quṣṣāṣ wa ‘l-mudhakkirīn, with Introduction and Notes. Beirut: Institut de Lettres Orientales, 1971.

———. «Una crítica hanbalí al antropomorfismo». Actas de las secciones árabe e islámica del 35.º Congreso Internacional de Estudios Asiáticos y Norteafricanos (ICANAS), Parte Dos, editado por A.

———. “A Ḥanbalī Critique of Anthropomorphism.” Proceedings of the Arabic and Islamic Sections of the 35th International Congress of Asian and North African Studies (ICANAS), Part Two, edited by A.

Fodor, 27–36. Budapest: Csoma de Kőrös Society, 1999.

Ṭabarī, al-. Taʾrīkh al-rusul wa-l-mulūk. Editado por M.J. de Goeje. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1879–1901. Editado por Muḥammad Abū l-Faḍl Ibrāhīm. 10 vols. El Cairo: Dār al-Maʿārif, 1979. Las referencias en las notas indican primero los números de página de la edición de El Cairo, y después los de Leiden, separados por una barra.

Ṭabarī, al-. Taʾrīkh al-rusul wa-l-mulūk. Edited by M.J. de Goeje. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1879–1901. Edited by Muḥammad Abū l-Faḍl Ibrāhīm. 10 vols. Cairo: Dār al-Maʿārif, 1979. References in the notes give the page numbers in the Cairo edition, then the Leiden, separated by a slash.

Tillier, Mathieu. *Los cadíes de Iraq y el Estado abasí (132/750-334/945)*. Damasco: Institut français du Proche-Orient, 2009.

Tillier, Mathieu. Les cadis d’Iraq et l’État abbasside (132/750-334/945). Damascus: Institut français du Proche-Orient, 2009.

Tirmidhī, Abū ʿĪsā Muḥammad al-. Sunan. 2.ª ed. Editado por Aḥmad Muḥammad Shākir. El Cairo:

Tirmidhī, Abū ʿĪsā Muḥammad al-. Sunan. 2nd ed. Edited by Aḥmad Muḥammad Shākir. Cairo:

Muṣṭafā l-Bābī l-Ḥalabī, 1398/1978. https://archive.org/details/thermidiosun.

Toorawa, Shawkat M. "Prayer." En Key Themes for the Study of Islam, editado por Jamal J. Elias, 263–80.

Toorawa, Shawkat M. “Prayer.” In Key Themes for the Study of Islam, edited by Jamal J. Elias, 263–80.

Oxford: Oneworld, 2010.

Turkī, al-. Véase Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū l-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān.

Turkī, al-. See Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū l-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān.

Turner, John P. "Aḥmad b. Abī Duʾād." En EI3.

Turner, John P. “Aḥmad b. Abī Duʾād.” In EI3.

———. La Inquisición en el islam temprano: la competencia por la autoridad política y religiosa en el Imperio abasí. Londres: I.B. Tauris, 2013.

———. Inquisition in Early Islam: The Competition for Political and Religious Authority in the Abbasid Empire. London: I.B. Tauris, 2013.

Tyan, E. «ʿAdl». En EI2.

Tyan, E. “ʿAdl.” In EI2.

van Ess, Josef. Teología y sociedad en los siglos II y III de la Hégira: Una historia del pensamiento religioso en el Islam temprano. Berlín y Nueva York: Walter de Gruyter, 1991–97.

van Ess, Josef. Theologie und Gesellschaft im 2. und 3. Jahrhundert Hidschra: Eine Geschichte des religiösen Denkens im frühen Islam. Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1991–97.

Waines, David. "Tree(s)." En McAuliffe, *Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān*.

Waines, David. “Tree(s).” In McAuliffe, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.

Wensinck, A. J. «Ḥawḍ». En EI2.

Wensinck, A. J. “Ḥawḍ.” In EI2.

———. «Al-Khaḍir (Al-Khiḍr).» En EI2.

———. “Al-Khaḍir (Al-Khiḍr).” In EI2.

Williams, Wesley. «Aspectos del credo de el Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal: un estudio del antropomorfismo en el discurso islámico temprano». International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 34 (2002): 441–63.

Williams, Wesley. “Aspects of the Creed of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal: A Study of Anthropomorphism in Early Islamic Discourse.” International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 34 (2002): 441–63.

Winkelmann-Liebert, Holger. "Die miḥna im Kalifat des al-Muʿtaṣim." Der Islam 80, no. 1 (2003):

Winkelmann-Liebert, Holger. “Die miḥna im Kalifat des al-Muʿtaṣim.” Der Islam 80, no. 1 (2003):

224–83.

Yaʿqūbī, al-. Taʾrīkh. . Editado por M. Th. Houtsma. 2 vols. Leiden: Brill, 1883.

Yaʿqūbī, al-. Taʾrīkh. . Edited by M. Th. Houtsma. 2 vols. Leiden: Brill, 1883.

Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. Muʿjam al-buldān. Jacut’s geographisches Wörterbuch. Edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld. 6 vols. Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1866–73. Note: the source already contains the German title "Jacut's geographisches Wörterbuch" and the editor's name in German and English, so I've kept it as in the original; the editor and publisher details are presented as bibliographic entries, which in Spanish usually keep the original language of the title.

Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. Muʿjam al-buldān. Jacut’s geographisches Wörterbuch. Edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld. 6 vols. Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1866–73.

Yücesoy, Hayrettin. Creencias mesiánicas y política imperial en el Islam medieval. El califato abasí a comienzos del siglo IX. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2009.

Yücesoy, Hayrettin. Messianic Beliefs and Imperial Politics in Medieval Islam. The ʿAbbāsid Caliphate in the Early Ninth Century. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2009.

Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. Religion and Politics under the Early ʿAbbāsids: The Emergence of the Proto-Sunnī Elite. Leiden: Brill, 1997.