1 – 这些圣训全部都是“阿哈德”(Akhbaar Aahaad,单传圣训),未达到“泰瓦图尔”(At-Tawaatur,多途径传闻)的层次。它们不能产生“亚对因”(Yaqeen,确信),因此不能作为证据来确立“伊杰玛尔-乌玛”(Ijmaa’ AlUmmah,乌玛的共识)是一种概括性的沙里叶证据来源(Daleel Shar’iy Ijmaaliy)。
1 – All of these Ahaadeeth are Akhbaar Aahaad and do not reach the level of At-Tawaatur. They do not establish Yaqeen (certainty) and as such are not valid to be used as evidence to establish that Ijmaa’ AlUmmah as a Daleel Shar’iy Ijmaaliy (Source of evidence).
2 – 那些提到乌玛不会在谬误上达成一致的圣训,并不构成证据。因为不在谬误上达成一致,就意味着不会一致地背离伊斯兰。
2 – The Ahaadeeth mentioning that the Ummah will not gather together upon misguidance do not contain a Hujjah (proof) within them. That is because not agreeing together upon misguidance means not agreeing together to leave Islaam.
3 ——关于要求遵守“贾玛尔”(jamā‘ah,集体/共同体)的圣训,不能用来作为确立“伊吉玛尔”(ijmā‘,公议)的证据。因为保全乌玛(Ummah,穆斯林共同体)的聚合,不许其分裂或背叛它,并不意味着也不表明他们的公议是一项沙尔‘伊(shar‘iy)的证据。
3 – The Ahaadeeth that mention the obligation of sticking to the Jamaa’ah have no place to be used as evidence to establish Ijmaa’ because the preservation of the gathering of the Ummah and not allowing its division or rebelling against it does not mean or indicate that their Ijmaa’ (consensus and agreement) is a Daleel Shar’iy.
4 – 关于那些圣训所提到的,即乌玛中将有一群人坚守真理的说法,这里的"真理"(Haqq)指的是与"虚假"(Al-Baatil)相对立的,而不是与"正确"(As-Sawaab)相对立的。因此,坚守真理并不意味着没有错误,而是意味着没有迷误(Dalaal)。
4 – In respect to the Ahaadeeth that have mentioned that there is a group from the Ummah that will remain upon the truth, then the Haqq (truth) means the opposite of Al-Baatil (falsehood) and it does not mean the opposite to the correct (As-Sawaab). Therefore, sticking to the Haqq does not mean the absence of the mistake but rather the absence of misguidance (Dalaal).
此外,存在一个坚持正道的群体,并不等于整个乌玛在正道上达成了伊ǰmāʿ(一致共识)。因为所需要且必要的,是确立并证明乌玛坚守的是正道;而不需要去证明乌玛不会在谬误上达成一致。
In addition, the existence of a group upon the right does not mean the Ijmaa’ of the Ummah upon the right. That is because what is is required and necessary is to establish and prove that the Ummah is upon what is right whilst it is not required to prove the negation of their agreeing upon misguidance.
5 – 关于那些提到“乌玛不会在错误上达成一致”的圣训,这些圣训在传述上是弱的,大多数学者不将其作为证据。
5 – In respect to the Ahaadeeth that mention that the Ummah will not agree upon a Khata’ (mistake) then these Ahaadeeth are weak in their Riwaayah (transmission) and are not used as evidence by the majority of the ‘Ulamaa.
6 – 存在一些沙希赫圣训,与他们用来推导“乌玛公议”(Ijmaa’ Al-Ummah)所依据的圣训相悖。其中有先知(愿主福安之)的这段圣训:
6 – There are Saheeh Ahaadeeth that are contrary to the Ahaadeeth they have utilised for their deduction of Ijmaa’ Al-Ummah. From amongst these is the Hadeeth of the Messenger (saw):