根据usooliyyeen(usul学者)术语,“al-Ijmaa’”(“伊ジュマア”,即公议/共识)的含义: Note on transliteration: keeping names and terms as the original writes them, the translation reads: 根据 الأصوليين(Usooliyeen,法学原理学者)的术语,“al-Ijmaa’”(伊斯梯拉哈,即共识)的含义:
The meaning of Al-Ijmaa’ in accordance to the Istilaah of the Usooliyeen:
这是关于某一事实的裁决达成一致,即该裁决在先知穆罕默德的逝世之后,作为一项沙里尔(立法者)的裁决而成立。
It is the agreement upon the Hukm of a reality from amongst the realities in respect to it being a Hukm Shar’iy after the passing of the Messenger of Allah (saw).
关于“伊杰玛”(Al-Ijmaa')在沙里亚教法规定(Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah)中的重要性与意义
The Importance and Significance of Al-Ijmaa’ within the Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah
1 – 伊治玛(Al-Ijmaa’)是仅次于《古兰经》和圣训(Sunnah)的第三个证据(Daleel),因为它是建立在一个伊斯兰律法证据(Daleel Shar’iy)之上的,即便该证据并未直接传到我们这里,传到我们这里的只是从中推导出的律例(Hukm)。
1 – Al-Ijmaa’ is the third Daleel after the Qur’aan and the Sunnah because it based upon a Daleel Shar’iy even though that Daleel did not reach us (directly) but rather only the Hukm deduced from it has reached us.
2 – 穆斯林学者们已达成共识(伊జ玛尔,Ijmaa') Wait, I must correct that: the Chinese transliteration should be clean. Corrected: 2 – 穆斯林的学者们达成了伊జ马尔(Ijmaa',共识)
2 – The ‘Ulamaa of the Muslims have made Ijmaa’ (held a consensus)
在以下问题上:伊吉玛(Ijmaa')构成一个“虽然学者们对于谁属于伊吉玛的主体、以及谁的一致意见能够指示并导向伊吉玛(共识)的达成,存在分歧”,但伊吉玛仍然作为一个证据(Hujjah,即论证与凭据)而成立。
upon Al-Ijmaa’ representing a Hujjah (proof and evidence) even if they have differed in respect to those who are the people of Ijmaa’ and whose agreement indicates and guides to the convening of AlIjmaa’ (a consensus).
3 – 法学家们特别用心地去辨识并掌握圣门弟子(愿真主喜悦他们)之间达成共识(Ijmaa')的范围与情境,以便在这些范围之内遵循他们。与此同时,每位穆贾塔希德(Mujtahid)都特别留意,不超出圣门弟子(愿真主喜悦他们)所已同意并达成共识的范围。
3 – The Fuqahaa dedicated special attention and care to identify and acquire knowledge of the areas and contexts of Ijmaa’ amongst the Sahaabah (rah) so as to follow them within them. This is whilst every Mujtahid dedicated special care and attention do not go outside of that which the Sahaabah (rah) had agreed and held an Ijmaa’ upon.
4 - 通过伊制玛(Ijmaa')确立的哈昆(Hukm)不会被废止,因为它是在使者ﷺ去世之后、并且在瓦希(Wahi)停止降示之后才出现的。
4 - The Hukm that has been established by Al-Ijmaa’ is not abrogated because it came after the death of the Messenger of Allah (saw) and after the Wahi had ceased to descend.
5 – 圣门弟子(愿真主喜悦他们)通过他们的一致共识(Ijmaa’)将宗教的根本原则(Usool ud-Deen)传承给我们,正如他们传承了《古兰经》(Qur’aan Al-Kareem)和先知的圣训(Sunnah An-Nabawiyah)一样;而这些都指明并引导人们认识一致共识(Al-Ijmaa’)的重要性和意义。
5 – The Sahaabah (rah) have transmitted the Usool ud-Deen to us by their Ijmaa’ as they have transmitted to us the Qur’aan Al-Kareem and the Sunnah An-Nabawiyah which indicates and guides to the importance and significance of Al-Ijmaa’.
6 – 通过伊jmāʿ(ijmāʿ,公议)确立的律例(Aḥkām),对穆斯林的生活、其国家的延续以及其宗教的保全产生了重大的影响。其中一些律例如下:
6 – Ahkaam have been established by way of Al-Ijmaa’ which have had a major impact and influence upon the life of the Muslims, the continuation of their State and the preservation of their Deen. Some of these Ahkaam are as follows: