引言
The Introduction
一切赞颂归于真主,祂创造了人类,并教他言语。愿赞颂与和平降临穆罕默德ﷺ,《古兰经》正是降示于他,作为人类的指引与慈悯。
Al-Hamdu Lillah Who created man and taught him speech. And prayers and peace be upon Muhammad upon whom the Qur’aan was revealed as a guidance and mercy for mankind.
诚然,安拉至高无上,派遣穆罕默德ﷺ携带伊斯兰教,向全人类传达。他首先面向自己的阿拉伯同胞,并向他们展示了证明其先知身份的神迹——《古兰经》。这部经典以清晰的阿拉伯语降示,向他们提出挑战,要求他们拿出一章与之相似的经文,但他们未能做到,无力应战,于是转而指责他为施行巫术和精神错乱。 使者ﷺ继续坚持传播宗教,耐心承受加诸自身和同伴身上的伤害,不为他们的顽固与傲慢所动摇。直到安拉至高无上为他预备并带来了在麦地那·穆南瓦热(光明之城麦地那)给予他支持的人,他ﷺ便在那里建立了自己的国家。天启持续降临于他,阐明了规范人与其主、与自身以及与大地上其他人之间关系的教法律例,直至末日。 使者ﷺ去世,归于至高的居所与伴侣之后,天启随之终止,安拉的经典与他的圣道(逊奈)留给了世人。此后出现了哈里发。随后,圣门弟子中的教法学家们着手从经典和圣道中推导出应对一切新出现之事的实践教法(沙里亚)律例。
Verily Allah Ta’Aalaa sent Muhammad (saw) with Islaam to mankind in its entirety. So he began with his own Arab people and presented to them his miracle that guided to his Prophethood. This is the Qur’aan Al-Kareem which came in a clear Arabic tongue challenging them to bring a Soorah that is comparable to it and so they failed, were incapable and as such resorted to accusing him of magic and insanity. The Messenger (saw) continued and persevered in his Da’wah patiently bearing the harm that afflicted him and his companions whilst not being deflected by their obstinacy and arrogance. This was until Allah Ta’Aalaa prepared and brought for him those who would give him support in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah within which he then established his State. The Wahi descended upon him continuously, explaining the Ahkaam (rulings) that regulate the relationship of the people with their Rabb, with themselves and with others upon this earth until the Day of Judgement. After the Messenger (saw) passed away and joined the highest abode and company and after the Wahi came to an end and the Kitaab of Allah and his Sunnah were left behind for the people, after that there came the Khulafaa’. The Fuqahaa of the Sahaabah then went forth to deduce the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah from the Kitaab and the Sunnah for all new realities that occurred or came into being.