المادة 137 - مسودة دستور دولة الخلافة | Quran Course

المادة 137 - مسودة دستور دولة الخلافة | Quran Course

“Three can not be denied (to anyone): water, fire and pastures” (reported by Ibn Maja from Abu Hurayrah). This narration has an Illah that its prevention is because they are from the public utilities. So the Messenger (pbuh) permitted individual ownership of water in Al-Ta’if and Khaybar, and they owned it at the expense of others in order to irrigate their crops and gardens, and so if there was absolute partnership in water, he would not have allowed individuals to own it. Therefore, from the words of the Messenger (pbuh) Muslims have common share in three: water…”, and: “three are not denied” along with his permission for individuals to own water, an Illah can be deduced that the partnership in water, pastures and fire, is due to the fact that they are public utilities that the public cannot live without, and so anything that is considered to be a public utility such as the open space in the towns, the areas for wood and the grazing pastures are all public property. Translation: «ثَلَاثٌ لَا يُمْنَعْنَ» (يعني لا يُمنعن من أحد): الْمَاءُ وَالنَّارُ وَالْكَلَأُ» (رواه ابن ماجه عن أبي هريرة). في هذا الحديث علّةٌ هي أنّ المنع منها لأنها من المرافق العامة. وقد أذن رسول الله ﷺ بتملّك الماء فرداً في الطائف وخيبر، فكانوا يملكونه على حساب غيرهم، ليسقوا به زروعهم وبساتينهم، فلو كانت الشركة في الماء شركةً مطلقة لما أذن ﷺ للأفراد بتملّكه. ولذلك من قول النبي ﷺ: «المسلمون شركاء في ثلاث: الماء…»، ومن قوله: «ثلاث لا يُمنعن» مع إذنه بتملّك الأفراد للماء، يُستنبط أن علّة الشركة في الماء والكلأ والنار هي كونها من المرافق العامة التي لا يستغني عنها الناس، فكل ما عُدّ من المرافق العامة كالساحات المفتوحة في البلدات، ومواضع الحطب، ومراعي الكلأ، فهو جميعه ملكٌ عام.

“Three can not be denied (to anyone): water, fire and pastures” (reported by Ibn Maja from Abu Hurayrah). This narration has an Illah that its prevention is because they are from the public utilities. So the Messenger (pbuh) permitted individual ownership of water in Al-Ta’if and Khaybar, and they owned it at the expense of others in order to irrigate their crops and gardens, and so if there was absolute partnership in water, he would not have allowed individuals to own it. Therefore, from the words of the Messenger (pbuh) Muslims have common share in three: water…”, and: “three are not denied” along with his permission for individuals to own water, an Illah can be deduced that the partnership in water, pastures and fire, is due to the fact that they are public utilities that the public cannot live without, and so anything that is considered to be a public utility such as the open space in the towns, the areas for wood and the grazing pastures are all public property.