2.1 معنى الإيمان يوم القيامة
2.1 The Meaning Of Imān In The Day Of Resurrection
الإيمان باليوم الآخر هو الإيمان بالبعث، وهو الوقت الذي ينتهي فيه بقاء الخلق في هذه الحياة الدنيا. يموت جميع من فيها، ثم يبعث الله سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ الموتى. فيُحيي عظامهم بعد أن تحللت، ويعيد الأجساد إلى حالها السابقة، ويرد إليهم أرواحهم. قال الله سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ:
Imān in the Day of Judgement is imān in the Resurrection. It is the time when the stay of the creation in this (worldy) life terminates. All those in it shall die, and then Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ will resurrect the dead. He will revive their bones whilst they had become decomposed, restore the bodies to their previous state and return to them their souls. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تُبْعَثُونَ [TMQ-Mu'minūn: 16]
“Then, on the Day of Resurrection, shall you be raised up” [TMQ-Mu'minūn: 16]
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And
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْحَقُّ، وَأَنَّهُ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَىٰ، وَأَنَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، وَأَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا، وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَن فِي الْقُبُورِ [TMQ-Hajj: 6-7]
“That! Because Allah is the Reality: He it is Who gives life to the dead, and it is He who has power over all things. And the Hour is coming: there is no doubt about it, and Allah shall raise up all who are in the graves” [TMQ-Hajj: 6-7]
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And
﴿وَيَقُولُ مَن يُحْيِي الْعِظَامَ وَهِيَ رَمِيمٌ * قُلْ يُحْيِيهَا الَّذِي أَنشَأَهَا أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ﴾ [TMQ Yāsīn: 78-79]
“He says, ‘Who can revive (dry) bones and ones decomposed ?’ Say, ‘He shall revive them Who created them in the first instance’” [TMQ Yāsīn: 78-79]
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And
قُلْ إِنَّ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَالْآخِرِينَ • لَمَجْمُوعُونَ إِلَىٰ مِيقَاتِ يَوْمٍ مَّعْلُومٍ [TMQ Wāqi'ah: 49-50]
“Say: those of old and those of later times! All shall be gathered for the meeting appointed for a Day known.” [TMQ Wāqi'ah: 49-50]
من الإيمان باليوم الآخر الإيمانُ بأن الناس سيُعطَون كتبَهم. قال الله سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ:
Part of imān in the Day of judgement is the imān in that people will be given their records. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
وَكُلَّ إِنسَانٍ أَلْزَمْنَاهُ طَائِرَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ ۖ وَنُخْرِجُ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ كِتَابًا يَلْقَاهُ مَنشُورًا * اقْرَأْ كِتَابَكَ ۖ كَفَىٰ بِنَفْسِكَ الْيَوْمَ عَلَيْكَ حَسِيبًا [TMQ Isrā’: 13-14]
“Every man's fate We have fastened on his own neck: We shall bring out for him, on the Day of Resurrection, a scroll, which he will see spread open. (It will be said to him:) ‘Read your (own) record…’”. [TMQ Isrā’: 13-14]
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُۥ بِيَمِينِهِۦ فَيَقُولُ هَاؤُمُ اقْرَءُوا كِتَابِيَهْ — hmm, the translation should be of the user's English text, not a quotation. Here is the translation: فَيُعْطَى الْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُتُبَهُمْ بِأَيْمَانِهِمْ، وَأَمَّا الْكُفَّارُ فَيُعْطَوْنَهَا بِشَمَائِلِهِمْ وَمِنْ وَرَاءِ ظُهُورِهِمْ. قَالَ اللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى:
So the believers will be given their records in their right hands; as for the kuffār they shall be given them in their left hands and behind their backs. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا * وَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُورًا * وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ * فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُو ثُبُورًا * وَيَصْلَىٰ سَعِيرًا [TMQ Inshiqāq: 7-12]
“Then he who is given his Record in his right hand, soon will he be reckoned with an by an easy reckoning; and he will turn to his people, rejoicing. But he who is given his Record behind his back, soon will he cry for perdition: he will enter a Blazing Fire” [TMQ Inshiqāq: 7-12]
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And
وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِشِمَالِهِ فَيَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أُوتَ كِتَابِيَهْ * وَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا حِسَابِيَهْ * يَا لَيْتَهَا كَانَتِ الْقَاضِيَةَ * مَا أَغْنَىٰ عَنِّي مَالِيَهْ * هَلَكَ عَنِّي سُلْطَانِيَهْ * خُذُوهُ فَغُلُّوهُ * ثُمَّ الْجَحِيمَ صَلُّوهُ * ثُمَّ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ذَرْعُهَا سَبْعُونَ ذِرَاعًا فَاسْلُكُوهُ [TMQ Hāāqah: 25-32] — الْحَاقَّة: ٢٥-٣٢
“And he who is given his Record in his left hand, will say: ‘Ah! Would that my record have not been given to me! Had I never realised how my account (stood)! Ah! Would that (Death) have made an end of me! Of no profit to me has been my wealth! My power has perished from me!’ (The stern command will say): ‘Seize you him, and bind and burn him in the Blazing Fire. Make him march in a chain, whereof the length is seventy cubits!’” [TMQ Hāāqah: 25-32].
ومِنَ الإِيمَانِ بِيَوْمِ القِيَامَةِ الإِيمَانُ بِأَنَّ الجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ، وَأَنَّ النَّارَ حَقٌّ. فَالجَنَّةُ هِيَ الدَّارُ الَّتِي أَعَدَّهَا اللهُ لِلمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَا يَدْخُلُهَا كَافِرٌ أَبَدًا. قَالَ اللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى:
Also part of imān in the Day of Resurrection is imān that al-Jannah [Paradise, lit. the Garden] is true and that an-Nar [Hell, lit. The Fire] is true. Al-Jannah is the abode created for the Believers, in which no kāfir can ever enter. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
"…جَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ" [TMQ Imrān: 133]
“…a Garden whose width is that of the Heavens and the Earth, prepared for the righteous” [TMQ Imrān: 133]
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And
ونادى أصحابُ النارِ أصحابَ الجنةِ أنْ أفيضوا علينا من الماءِ أو مما رزقكم اللهُ، قالوا: إنَّ اللهَ حرَّمهما على الكافرين [TMQ A'rāf: 50]
“The Companions of the Fire will call to the Companions of the Garden: ‘Pour down to us (some) of the water or that which Allah provides for you of sustenance.’ They will say: ‘Allah has forbidden both for those who rejected Him.’” [TMQ A'rāf: 50]
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And
"ذَٰلِكَ الْجَنَّةُ الَّتِي نُورِثُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا مَنْ كَانَ تَقِيًّا" [TMQ Maryam: 63]
“Such is the Garden which those of Our servants who guard (against evil) shall inherit” [TMQ Maryam: 63]
أما النار فهي دارٌ مخلوقة لا يخلد فيها مؤمنٌ أبداً. يقول الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ:
As for al-Nar it is a created abode wherein no believer shall abide eternally. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
لَا يَصْلَاهَا إِلَّا الْأَشْقَى الَّذِي كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ وَسَيُجَنَّبُهَا الْأَتْقَى الَّذِي يُؤْتِي مَالَهُ يَتَزَكَّىٰ [تفسیر سورۃ الليل: 15-17]
“None shall reach it but the most unfortunate ones, who belie (the Truth) and turn awat (from it). But those most devoted (to Allah) shall be far removed from it” [TMQ Layl: 15-17
الذين يشاء الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ من المسلمين الذين تفوق كبائرهم وسيئاتهم صغائرهم وحسناتهم سيدخلون النار، ثم يُخرَجون لاحقًا ويُدخَلون الجنة. يقول الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ:
Those who Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ wills of the Muslims whose major sins and misdeeds outweigh their minor sins and good deeds will enter al-Nar, and later will be taken out and and admitted to al-Jannah. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
إِن تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبَائِرَ مَا تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَنُدْخِلْكُم مُّدْخَلًا كَرِيمًا [TMQ Nisā’: 31]
“If you (but) eschew the great things which you are forbidden, We shall do away with your evil deeds, and admit you to a Gate of great honour” [TMQ Nisā’: 31]
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And
وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ، فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ. وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ؟ نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ. [القارعة: 8-11]
“But he whose balance (of good deeds) is light, his abode shall be a (bottomless) Pit. And what will explain to you what it is? (It is) a Fire blazing fiercely! [TMQ Qāri'ah: 8-11].
من الإيمان بالجنة الإيمانُ بأن نعيمها محسوسٌ يُدرَك بالحواس، وأن أهلها يأكلون ويشربون ويجامعون ويلبسون، ويتمتعون بتلك النعم. يقول الله سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ:
Part of the imān in al-Jannah is the imān in that its delights are sensorially perceivable and that its people eat, drink, copulate, dress, and relish those delights. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
يَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمْ وِلْدَانٌ مُّخَلَّدُونَ، بِأَكْوَابٍ وَأَبَارِيقَ وَكَأْسٍ مِّن مَّعِينٍ، لَّا يُصَدَّعُونَ عَنْهَا وَلَا يُنزِفُونَ، وَفَاكِهَةٍ مِّمَّا يَتَخَيَّرُونَ، وَلَحْمِ طَيْرٍ مِّمَّا يَشْتَهُونَ، وَحُورٌ عِينٌ، كَأَمْثَالِ اللُّؤْلُؤِ الْمَكْنُونِ، جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ [تفسیر سورۃ الواقعہ: 17-24]
“Round them will (serve) youths of perpetual (freshness), with goblets, (shining) beakers, and cups (filled) out of clear-flowing fountains: no after-ache will they receive therefrom, nor will they suffer intoxication. And with fruits, any that they may choose, and the flesh of fowls, any that they may desire. And (there shall be) companions (for them) with beautiful, lustrous eyes, like unto pearls well-guarded. A recompense for what they used to do” [TMQ Wāqi'ah: 17-24],
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And
"…وَلِبَاسُهُمْ فِيهَا حَرِيرٌ" [TMQ Hajj: 23]
“…and their garments there will be of silk” [TMQ Hajj: 23]
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And
عَالِيهِمْ ثِيَابُ سُندُسٍ خُضْرٌ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٌ، وَحُلُّوا أَسَاوِرَ مِن فِضَّةٍ، وَسَقَاهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ شَرَابًا طَهُورًا [TMQ Insān: 21]
“Upon them will be green garments of fine silk and heavy brocade, and they will be adorned with bracelets of silver; and their Lord will give to them to drink of a Wine, pure.” [TMQ Insān: 21]
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And
إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُورًا، عَيْنًا يَشْرَبُ بِهَا عِبَادُ اللَّهِ يُفَجِّرُونَهَا تَفْجِيرًا [TMQ Insān: 5-6]
“The Righteous shall drink of a cup whereof the mixture is of Kafur; a spring wherefrom the slaves of Allah drink, making it gush forth abundantly” [TMQ Insān: 5-6]
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And
وَجَزَاهُمْ بِمَا صَبَرُوا جَنَّةً وَحَرِيرًا مُتَّكِئِينَ فِيهَا عَلَى الْأَرَائِكِ ۖ لَا يَرَوْنَ فِيهَا شَمْسًا وَلَا زَمْهَرِيرًا وَدَانِيَةً عَلَيْهِمْ ظِلَالُهَا وَذُلِّلَتْ قُطُوفُهَا تَذْلِيلًا وَيُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِآنِيَةٍ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ وَأَكْوَابٍ كَانَتْ قَوَارِيرَا قَوَارِيرَ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ قَدَّرُوهَا تَقْدِيرًا [TMQ-Insān: 12-16]
“And the recompense for their patience and steadfastness is the Garden and (garments of) silk. Reclining in it on raised thrones, they will see there neither the (excessive heat) of the sun nor intense cold. And the shades of the (Garden) will come low over them: the bunches (of fruit), there, will hang low in humility. And amongst them will be passed round vessels of silver and goblets of crystal, clear, made of silver: they will determine the measure thereof (according to their wishes)” [TMQ-Insān: 12-16]
هذا فضلاً عن كثير من النعم الأخرى المذكورة صراحةً في القرآن الكريم.
This is in addition to many other delights mentioned explicitly in the Qur’ān.
من الإيمان بالنار أن يُؤمَنَ بأن عذابها حقٌّ، وأنه محسوسٌ يُدرَك بالحواس، وأن أهلها يُعذَّبون بأنواع من العذاب في النار، والزَّمهرير (شدة البرد أو النار المتوهجة)، والصَّديد الذي يُغلى، وغير ذلك من ضروب العذاب التي نصَّ عليها القرآن الكريم، مثل التعذيب بالسلاسل والأغلال، والقطران المُذاب، وحفر النار، وأكل الزقوم، وشرب الماء الذي يبلغ من حرارته ما يبلغه المعدنُ المغلي. يقول اللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ:
Part of the imān in an-Nar is imān in that its torment is real and sensorially perceivable and that its people suffer various types of torture in fire, zamhareer (severe frost or glowing fire), boiling puss and other forms of torture which were mentioned explicitly in the Qur’ān, such as torture with chains and handcuffs, liquid pitch, fire pits, the eating of zaqqum, and the drinking of water which is as hot as boiling metal. Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ says,
ثِيَابُهُمْ مِنْ قَطِرَانٍ [TMQ Ibrāhim: 50]
“Their garments of liquid pitch” [TMQ Ibrāhim: 50]
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And
إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ سَلَاسِلَ وَأَغْلَالًا وَسَعِيرًا [TMQ Insān: 4]
“For the Rejecters We have prepared chains, yokes, and a Blazing Fire!” [TMQ Insān: 4]
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And
"إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ طَعَامُ الْأَثِيمِ" [TMQ Dukhān: 43-44]
“Verily the tree of Zaqqum will be the food of the Sinners!” [TMQ Dukhān: 43-44]
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And
في سَمُومٍ وَحَمِيمٍ [TMQ al-Wāqi'ah: 42]
“(They will be) in the midst of a fierce Blast of Fire and in Boiling Water” [TMQ al-Wāqi'ah: 42]
و
And
"…وَإِن يَسْتَغِيثُوا يُغَاثُوا بِمَاءٍ كَالْمُهْلِ يَشْوِي الْوُجُوهَ ۚ بِئْسَ الشَّرَابُ" [TMQ Kahf: 29]
“…if they implore relief they will be granted water like melted brass, that will scald their faces: how dreadful the drink!” [TMQ Kahf: 29]
و
And
لَيْسَ لَهُ الْيَوْمَ هَاهُنَا حَمِيمٌ * وَلَا طَعَامٌ إِلَّا مِنْ غِسْلِينٍ Wait, the user's text is a translation of the verse with a citation. The Qur'an verse 69:35-36 Arabic: {فَلَيْسَ لَهُ الْيَوْمَ هَاهُنَا حَمِيمٌ * وَلَا طَعَامٌ إِلَّا مِنْ غِسْلِينٍ}. The source is "TMQ Hāāqqah: 36" which is Tafheem/Qur'an reference, so the bracket reference should stay as-is in Latin letters. Translating the English text faithfully into Arabic: “ولَيْسَ لَهُ طَعَامٌ إِلَّا مِنْ غِسْلِينٍ” [TMQ Hāāqqah: 36] Hmm, the rules say references in square brackets may stay Latin. So the final: “وَلَيْسَ لَهُ طَعَامٌ إِلَّا مِنْ غِسْلِينٍ” [TMQ Hāāqqah: 36]
“Nor has he any food except the discharge from the washing of wounds” [TMQ Hāāqqah: 36
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And
كُلَّمَا نَضِجَتْ جُلُودُهُم بَدَّلْنَاهُمْ جُلُودًا غَيْرَهَا لِيَذُوقُوا الْعَذَابَ [TMQ Nisā’: 56]
“…as often as their skins are roasted through, We shall change them for fresh skins, that they may taste the Penalty!” [TMQ Nisā’: 56]
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And
"…لَا يُقْضَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَمُوتُوا وَلَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُم مِّنْ عَذَابِهَا…" [TMQ Fatir: 36]
“…no term shall be determined for them, so they should die, nor shall its Penalty be lightened for them.” [TMQ Fatir: 36]
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And
ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ أَيُّهَا الضَّالُّونَ الْمُكَذِّبُونَ * لَآكِلُونَ مِن شَجَرٍ مِّن زَقُّومٍ * فَمَالِئُونَ مِنْهَا الْبُطُونَ * فَشَارِبُونَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْحَمِيمِ * فَشَارِبُونَ شُرْبَ الْهِيمِ [TMQ Wāqi'ah: 51-55]
“Then will you, O you who go astray, and belie (the Truth)! You shall surely taste of the Tree of Zaqqum. Then will you fill your insides therewith, and drink Boiling Water on top of it: indeed you shall drink like diseased camels raging with thirst!” [TMQ Wāqi'ah: 51-55]
و
And
يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَى النَّارِ غُدُوًّا وَعَشِيًّا [TMQ Ghāfir: 46]
“In front of the Fire shall they be brought, morning and evening” [TMQ Ghāfir: 46]