٣٢.١ المرتهن الذي ينتفع بالرهن
32.1 The Pledgee Benefiting From The Pledge
بعد إتمام الرهن يدخل الشيء في حوزة المرتهن بعد قبضه، إلا أن ذلك لا يعني أن المرتهن ينتفع بالرهن؛ بل إن وجود المرهون في حوزة المرتهن إنما هو لتوثقته بدينه فقط. ويبقى الرهن ملكاً لصاحبه، وإن استحق المرتهن الدين على الراهن. وكان المرتهن في الجاهلية يتملك الرهن إذا لم يسدد له الراهن ما عليه في الأجل المحدد، فجاء الإسلام فأبطل ذلك. قال ﷺ:
Once the pledge is completed the thing falls under the possession of the pledgee after its possession is taken. However this does not mean that the pledgee benefits from the pledge; rather the presence of the pledged good in the possession of the pledgee is only to secure him over his debt only. The pledge remains for his owner even if the pledgee deserves the debt upon the pledger. The pledgee in the days of ignorance would own the pledge if the pledger did not pay him what he owed him at the imposed time. Islam came and invalidated this. He (saw) said:
«لا يُفكُّ الرهنُ من صاحبِه الذي رهنه، له غُنمُه وعليه غُرمُه» (رواه الشافعيُّ عن سعيدِ بنِ المسيِّبِ).
“He should not unredeem the pledge from its owner who pledged it. For him is its booty and against his is its fine” (Narrated by Ash-Shafi’i from Said bin Al-Musayyab).