问140:信仰真主的全知,作为信仰真主的前定的诸层次之一,其经文依据是什么?
Q 140: What is the textual proof that faith in Allah's Comprehensive Knowledge is one of faith ranks in His Divine Decree?
A--- 安拉至高无上说:{他是安拉,除他之外没有应受崇拜的主宰,他是幽玄与显现的全知者}。(《放逐》,22)
A--- Allah the Almighty says: {He is Allah beside Whom La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He) the AllKnower of the unseen and the seen}. (Al-Hashr,22)
安拉至高无上说:{并且安拉以知识涵盖万物}。(泰拉格章,12节)
Allah the Almighty says: {And that Allah surrounds all things in (His) Knowledge}. (At-Talaq,12)
真主至高无上说:{他是知幽玄的,连一微尘重的事物,在天上和地上,都逃不过他的察知,即使比那更小或更大,也都在明白的经典中。}(赛伯邑,3)
Allah the Almighty says: {The All-Knower of the Unseen, it will come to you,' not even the weight of an atom (or a small ant) or less than that or greater escapes His Knowledge in the heavens or in the earth}. (Saba', 3)
安拉至高无上说:{祂那里有幽玄的钥匙,除祂之外无人知晓。祂知道陆地和海洋里的一切。每一片落叶,祂都知道;大地黑暗深处的每一粒种子,以及任何鲜活或干枯的东西,都记录在明白的典籍之中}。(《古兰经》6:59)
Allah the Almighty says: {And with Him are the keys of the Ghaib (all that is hidden), none knows them but He. And He knows whatever there is in the land and in the sea,' not a leaf falls, but He knows it. There is not a grain in the darkness of the earth nor anything fresh or dry, but is written in a Clear Record}. (Al-An' am, 59)
安拉至高无上说:{安拉最知道将使命置于何人}。(《牲畜》,124)
Allah the Almighty says: {Allah knows best with whom to place His Message}. (Al-An'am, 124)
安拉至高无上说:{你的主最知道谁偏离了祂的正道,祂最知道谁是遵循正道的人}。(《蜜蜂章》125节,《笔章》7节)
Allah the Almighty says: {Truly, your Lord knows best who has gone astray from His Path, and He is the Best Aware of those who are guided}. (An-Nahl, 125, & Al-Qalam, 7)
安拉至高无上说:{难道安拉不最知道感恩的人吗?}(安阿姆,53)
Allah the Almighty says: {Does not Allah know best those who are grateful?}. (Al-An'am,53)
安拉至高无上说:{难道安拉不最知道世人和精灵心中所藏的吗?}(蜘蛛章,第10节)
Allah the Almighty says: {Is not Allah Best Aware of what is in the breasts of the `Alamin (mankind and jinn)}. (Al-`Ankabut, 10)
安拉至高无上说:{当时,你的主对天使们说:"我确将在大地上设置一个代理人。"他们说:"你要在大地上设置一个作恶流血的人吗?我们赞颂你,并讃美你的圣洁。"他说}
Allah the Almighty says: {And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: "Verily, I am going to place (mankind) generations after generations on earth." They said: "Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood, -while we glorify You with praises and thanks and sanctify You." He (Allah)
"我所知道的,你们不知道。"}(黄牛,30)
said: "I know that which you do not know"}. (Al-Baqarah, 30)
安拉至高无上说:{你们虽然厌恶,但战斗(为安拉之道而战)已为你们规定。或许你们厌恶某件事,而它对你们有益;或许你们喜爱某件事,而它对你们有害。安拉知道,你们却不知道。}(《黄牛章》216节)
Allah the Almighty says: {Jihad (Fighting in Allah's Cause) is ordained for you (Muslims) though you dislike it, and it may be that you dislike a thing which is good for you and that you like a thing which is bad for you. Allah knows but you do not know}. (AlBaqarah, 216)
据艾布·胡莱赖(愿安拉喜悦他)传述:有人问安拉的使者ﷺ关于多神教徒的子女的情况,使者ﷺ说:“安拉最知道他们将会做什么。”(布哈里和穆斯林辑录)
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) was asked about the children of the polytheists, whereupon he said: "It is Allah Who knows best what they would be doing.” (Bukhari and Muslim)
'A'ishah, the mother of the believers, said that Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) was called to lead the funeral prayer of a child of the Ansar. I said: Allah's Messenger, there is happiness for this child who is a bird from the birds of Paradise for it committed no sin nor has he reached the age when one can commit sin. He said: `A'ishah, per adventure, it may be otherwise, because God created for Paradise those who are fit for it while they were yet in their father's loins and created for Hell those who are to go to Hell. He created them for Hell while they were yet in their father's loins. " (Sahih Muslim) Wait, I need to correct my output: the translation should be in Chinese, not a repeat of the English. 穆minister mother of the believers 'A'ishah 讲述,安拉的使者ﷺ被请去为一个安萨尔的孩子主持殡礼。我说:安拉的使者啊,这个孩子是天堂之鸟中的一只,他没有犯过罪,也还没有到能够犯罪的年龄,他是有福的。他说:'A'ishah啊,也许情况并非如此,因为安拉在人们还在父亲的脊梁中时,就为天堂创造了那些适合天堂的人,为火狱创造了那些将入火狱的人,他在他们还在父亲脊梁中时就为火狱创造了他们。"(《萨希赫·穆斯林》)
'A'ishah, the mother of the believers, said that Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) was called to lead the funeral prayer of a child of the Ansar. I said: Allah's Messenger, there is happiness for this child who is a bird from the birds of Paradise for it committed no sin nor has he reached the age when one can commit sin. He said: `A'ishah, per adventure, it may be otherwise, because God created for Paradise those who are fit for it while they were yet in their father's loins and created for Hell those who are to go to Hell. He created them for Hell while they were yet in their father's loins. " (Sahih Muslim)
萨赫勒·本·萨阿德(愿真主喜悦他)转述,真主的使者ﷺ说:"有人在人前所行之事,看似天堂居民的善功,但他实际上却是火狱的居民;又有人在人前所行之事,看似火狱居民的恶行,但他实际上却是天堂的居民。"(《穆斯林圣训实录》)
Sahl Ibn Sa'd (May Allah be pleased with him) reported it from Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) that a person performs deeds like the deeds of the people of Paradise apparently before people and he would be amongst the dwellers of Hell and a person acts apparently like the people of Hell, but (in fact) he would be among the dwellers of Paradise. " (Sahih Muslim)
以下是这段圣训的译文: 阿里·本·阿比·塔利卜(愿安拉喜悦他)传述:"我们在拜意格尔·盖尔卡德(Baqi` al-Gharqad)陪同一支送葬队伍。先知ﷺ来到我们这里,坐下,我们也围坐在他周围。他手里拿着一根小木棍,然后低下头,用它在地上划来划去。接着他说:'你们中间没有一个人,也没有一个受造的灵魂,不是已经为他注定了天堂或火狱中的位置,也已经为他决定了他是幸福者还是不幸者。'有人说:'安拉的使者啊!难道我们不应当依赖已经为我们写定的命运,而放弃行动吗?因为我们中幸福的人会去做幸福者的事,我们中不幸的人会去做不幸者的事。'先知ﷺ说:'对于幸福者,善功会变得容易;对于不幸者,恶行会变得容易。'然后他诵读了经文:"
Narrated `Ali Ibn Abu Talib (May Allah be pleased with him): "We were accompanying a funeral procession in Baqi `-el-Gharqad. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) came to us and sat and we sat around him. He had a small stick in his hand then he bent his head and started scraping the ground with it. He then said: "There is none among you, and not a created soul, but has place either in Paradise or in Hell assigned for him and it is also determined for him whether he will be among the blessed or wretched." A man said: "O Allah's Messenger! Should we not depend on what has been written for us and leave the deeds as whoever amongst us is blessed will do the deeds of a blessed person and whoever amongst us will be wretched, will do the deeds of a wretched person?" The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said: "The good deeds are made easy for the blessed, and bad deeds are made easy for the wretched." Then he recited the verses:
{至于那些施舍并敬畏真主、又相信最美好的回报的人}。(92:5-6)(《沙希赫·穆斯林》)
{As for him who gives (in charity) and is Allah-fearing and believes in the Best reward from Allah}. (92.5-6) (Sahih Muslim)
《200道关于穆斯林信仰的问答》——谢赫哈菲兹·伊本·艾哈迈德·哈凯米
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami