问题84:言语属性与真主的本体有关,还是与祂的行为属性有关?
Q 84: Is the Speech Attribute related to Allah's Entity or is it linked to His Acting Attributes?
关于将言说属性与安拉至尊的本体相联系的问题,它与祂的知识一样,属于祂的本体属性之一。
A--- Considering relating the Speech Attribute to the Entity of Allah Almighty, it is one of His Entity Attributes along with His Knowledge.
不如说,这属于祂的知识的一部分,祂以祂的知识降示了它,而祂是最知晓祂所降示之物的。至于祂以祂的意志和意愿而言说,这是与祂的行为相关的一种属性。
Rather, it constitutes part of His Knowledge, He sent it down with His Knowledge and He is the Best Knower of what He sends down. As for His Speaking with His Will and Wish, it is an Attribute related to His Acting.
先知穆罕默德ﷺ说:"若真主欲启示某事,祂便以启示来说话。"为此,我们早期虔诚的穆斯林学者论及言语属性时说:"它既是本体的属性,也是行为的属性。因为真主,愿祂荣耀,过去是、现在仍是、永远都是以言语被描述的;祂的说话与对话,取决于祂的意愿与旨意。祂若愿意,便在祂所愿的时候、以祂所愿的方式,用祂所愿让其听见的言辞说话。祂的言语是一种没有终结、也没有止境的属性。真主说:"
As said by Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him): "If Allah wills to reveal the matter, He speaks with Revelation.” For this, our pious scholars of the earlier Muslims said regarding the Speech Attribute: "It is a Quality of both the Entity and Acting. For Allah, Glory be His, was and still described with Speech ever and forever, and that His Speaking and Addressing is up to His Will and Wish. He speaks if He wills, when He wills, and in the manner He wills with Words to be heard by whom He wills. His Speech is an Attribute with no end or termination. Allah says:
{说吧(穆罕默德ﷺ啊,你对众人说):"假如大海是书写我主之言的墨汁,那么大海必定在我主之言写完之前就耗尽了,即便我们再增添一片同样的大海来相助。"}(《洞穴章》,109)
{Say (O Muhammad (Peace be upon him) to mankind): "If the sea were ink for (writing) the Words of my Lord, surely, the sea would be exhausted before the Words of my Lord would be finished, even if We brought (another sea) like it for its aid}. (Al-Kahf, 109)
安拉说:{即使地上所有的树木都是笔,大海加上另外七个海作为墨水,安拉的言语也写不尽。}
Allah says: {And if all the trees on the earth were pens and the sea (were ink wherewith to write), with seven seas behind it to add to its (supply), yet the Words of Allah would not be exhausted}.
(**卢格曼**,27)
(Luqman, 27)
安拉至高无上说:{你主的话,以真理和公正而完成了。没有人能改变他的话。他是全聪的,是全知的。}(《牲畜》,115)
Allah the Almighty says: {And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower}. (Al-An'am, 115)
《200个关于穆斯林信仰的常见问题》——谢赫·哈菲兹·伊本·艾哈迈德·哈卡米
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami