问题27:证明人应当仅为真主的缘故而结交朋友、表明敌对的经文依据是什么?
Q 27: What is the textual proof that one should make friends and declare enmity only for Allah's Sake?
A--- 安拉至高说:{信道的人们啊!你们不要以犹太教徒和基督教徒为朋友(盟友、保护者、援助者),他们彼此互为朋友。你们中谁以他们为友,他就是他们中的一员。真主不引导不义的人(多神信徒和行恶及不公正者)。你看见心中有病(伪信)的人急忙亲近他们,说:“我们担心会遭遇某种灾祸。”或许真主会带来胜利或依照祂的意志作出决定。那时他们会为自己暗中隐藏的事而懊悔。信道的人将说:“这些人就是那些曾以最坚决的誓言指着真主发誓说他们与你们(穆斯林)同在的人吗?”他们所做的一切都将徒劳(因为他们的伪信),他们将成为失败者。信道的人们啊!你们中若有人背离自己的宗教(伊斯兰),真主将带来一群人,祂喜爱他们,他们也喜爱祂,他们对信士谦卑,对不信者刚强,在真主之道上奋斗,不畏惧任何责备者的责难。这是真主的恩惠,祂将其赐予祂所意欲的人。真主是广大的,全知的。你们的监护者(保护者或援助者)只能是真主、祂的使者,以及信道的人——那些谨守拜功、缴纳天课并且顺服叩拜的人。》(筵席章,51-55节)
A--- Allah, Most High says: {O you who believe! Take not the Jews and the Christians as Auliya' (friends, protectors, helpers), they are but Auliya' of each other. And if any amongst you takes them (as Auliya'), then surely he is one of them. Verily, Allah guides not those people who are the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers and unjust). And you see those in whose hearts there is a disease (of hypocrisy), they hurry to their friendship, saying: "We fear lest some misfortune of a disaster may befall us." Perhaps Allah may bring a victory or a decision according to His Will. Then they will become regretful for what they have been keeping as a secret in themselves. And those who believe will say: “Are these the men (hypocrites) who swore their strongest oaths by Allah that they were with you (Muslims)?" All that they did has been in vain (because of their hypocrisy), and they have become the losers. O you who believe! Whoever from among you turns back from his religion (Islam), Allah will bring a people whom He will love and they will love Him,' humble towards the believers, stem towards the disbelievers fighting in the Way of Allah, and never fear of the blame of the blamers. That is the Grace of Allah which He bestows on whom He wills. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures' needs, All-Knower. Verily, your Wali (Protector or Helper) is none other than Allah, His Messenger, and the believers, -those who perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), and give Zakah, and they are Raki'un (those who bow down or submit themselves with obedience to Allah in prayer)}. (Al-Ma'idah, 51-55)
安拉说:{信道的人们啊!如果他们舍弃信仰而选择不信,你们就不要把你们的父亲和兄弟当作盟友(支持者和助手)。你们中谁这样做,谁就是不义的人。}(忏悔章,23节)
Allah says: {O you who believe! Take not as Auliya' (supporters and helpers) your fathers and your brothers if they prefer disbelief to Belief. And whoever of you does so, then he is one of the Zalimun (wrong-doers)}. (At-Taubah, 23)
安拉说:{你(穆罕默德ﷺ啊)将找不到这样的人:他们信仰安拉和末日,却与违抗安拉和祂的使者(穆罕默德ﷺ)的人结为朋友,即使那些人是他们的父亲、儿子、兄弟或族人}。
Allah says: { You (O Muhammad (Peace be upon him)) will not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day, making friendship with those who oppose Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad (Peace be upon him)), even though they were their fathers or their sons or their mothers or their kindred (people)}.
(Al-Mujadilah, 22)
(AlMujadilah, 22)
安拉说:{信道的人哪!你们不要把我和你们的仇敌(即不信道者和以物配主者)当作朋友,你们对他们表示友爱,而他们已经不信你们所接受的真理,他们因为你们信仰你们的主而驱逐使者和你们(出境)。如果你们为了圣战于我之道,并为了求我的喜悦而出走,那么,你们不要把他们当作朋友。你们暗中对他们表示友爱,而我完全知道你们所隐藏的和你们所公开的。你们中谁这样做,谁确已迷失了正路。}(穆麦她纳,1)
Allah says: {O you who believe! Take not My enemies and your enemies (i.e. disbelievers and polytheists) as friends, showing affection towards them, while they have disbelieved in what has come to you of the truth, and have driven out the Messenger and yourselves (from your homeland) because you believe in Allah your Lord! If you have come forth to strive in My Cause and to seek My Good Pleasure, (then take not these disbelievers and polytheists as your friends). You show friendship to them in secret, while I am All-A ware of what you conceal and what you reveal. And whosoever of you (Muslims) does that, then indeed he has gone (far) astray from the Straight Path}. (Al-Mumtahanah, 1)
《200个关于穆斯林信仰的常见问题》——谢赫哈菲兹·伊本·艾哈迈德·哈凯米
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami