问题71:安拉的使者(愿主福安之)所说的关于安拉至美尊名的圣训“谁知晓这些尊名,谁就能进入乐园”,其含义是什么?
Q 71: What is the meaning of the saying of Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) regarding the Most Beautiful Names of Allah that reads: "Whoever knows them will be admitted into Paradise?"
"A---" 这句话曾被人作出不同的解释。有人将其理解为:将真主最美的名字铭记于心,以这些名字祈求至高无上的真主,并借此赞颂祂。
A--- This statement has been differently interpreted. Some have interpreted it as to commit the Most Beautiful Names to one's heart, to invoke Allah the Almighty thereof, and to glorify Him thereof.
有些学者认为,安拉的至美名称可以分为多种类型。其中一些可以被视为典范,例如"至慈的"和"至大方的"。人可以通过自我修炼,在一定程度上达到这些神圣名称的内涵。另有一些安拉的至美名称,完全属于安拉的全能范畴。安拉使它们专属于祂自己,例如"至尊的主宰"、"至伟的"和"至高傲的"。对于这一类名称,人所能做的只是顺服自己,并宣告自己完全、彻底地臣服于安拉。还有一些安拉的至美名称表达的是应许,例如"至常赦宥的"、"至感激的"、"至宽厚的"、"至慈悯的"、"至宽容的"和"至仁慈的"。人应当使自己站在希望与期盼的门前。还有一些至美名称表达的是警告,例如"大能的"、"惩罚的主"、"严厉惩罚的"和"迅速清算的"。人应当使自己站在畏惧与顺服的门前。
Others deemed that they can be divided into various types. Some of which can be held as exemplary, such as, the Most Merciful and the Ever Generous. Man can practice himself to achieve some degree of the connotation of such Divine Names. Some others of Allah's Most Beautiful Names are in toto His Almighty-bounded. Allah makes them particular to Himself, such as, the Sublime Potentate, the Ever Magnificent, and the Supremely Proud. Regarding this type, man can only submit himself and declare his complete and perfect subjection to Allah. Some of the Most Beautiful Names of Allah denote promise, such as, the Ever Forgiver, the Ever Thankful, the Ever Clement, the Ever Compassionate, the AllForbearing, and the Ever Kindly. Man should stand himself at the gate of desire and wish. Some of the Most Beautiful Names denote intimidation, such as, Exalted in Might, Lord of Retribution, Strict in Punishment, and Quick in Account. Man should stand himself at the gate of fear and submission.
第三方对安拉最美好的名字作了如下解释:仆人见证这些名字,通过理智和心灵认识它们,并借此完全地崇拜祂。举例来说,如果有人领悟安拉高居于祂的创造物之上,同时以祂的大能和知识包围着他们,那么他就应当崇拜祂,直至他的心被祂直接托住。仆人的心怀着完全的顺服和卑微,私密地向祂上升、与祂交接。
A third party interpreted Allah's Most Beautiful Names as follows: the slave witnesses them and gets to know them by mind and heart as well as to worship Him fully through them. To illustrate; whoever, for example, comprehends the Highness of Allah above His Creation, while encompassing them with His Might and Knowledge, should he worship Him till his heart becomes directly sustained by Him. The slave's heart goes up to Him in private conference with full submission and humiliation.
他站在真主面前,犹如卑微的仆人站在伟大而尊贵的君王面前。他感到自己的一切言行都暴露在祂的面前,因此,他羞于做任何在祂的注视下被视为可耻的事。此外,他时刻目睹真主的神圣命令与定令降临世界的每一个角落,涉及各种事务的主宰:使人死亡,赐人生命,赋予力量,使人卑贱,使人高升,供给生计,阻止利益,消除苦难,降下苦难,以及在众生之间轮转昼夜等等。
He stands before Allah as a humiliated slave standing before the Great and Honorable King. He feels that all his speech and acts are disclosed before Him, hence, he feels shy to do anything that is deemed shameful before His Sight. Moreover, he witnesses the descending of the Divine Orders and Ordainments upon all corners of the world all the time with all kinds of affair charging: causing death, giving life, giving might, abasing, raising, providing sustenance, preventing benefits, removing agonies, inflicting agonies, and turning the days among the creatures, etc.
真主说:{他从天至地主管并安排万事;然后,万事将在一日之内被升到他那里,那一日的长度相当于你们所计算的一千年}(即
Almighty Allah says: {He manages and regulates (every) affair from the heavens to the earth; then it (affair) will go up to Him, in One Day, the space whereof is a thousand years of your reckoning (i.e.
……按照我们今世的计算方式。(As-Sajdah, 5)
reckoning of our present world's time)}. (As-Sajdah, 5)
所以,谁履行了这一证言所应尽的义务,他确实在其主那里找到了充足与富足。的确,真主赐予这一恩典的人极为稀少。
So, whosoever fulfills the obligations due to this witness, he really finds sufficiency and richness in his Lord. Indeed, very few people are given this blessing by Almighty Allah.
《200道关于穆斯林信仰的问答》——谢赫哈菲兹·伊本·艾哈迈德·哈凯米
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami