问题141:关于"前定"(预先记录一切)是天命信仰的信仰层次之一,其经文依据是什么?
Q 141: What is the textual proof that faith in the Pre-recording of everything is one of faith ranks in His Divine Decree?
A---安拉至高无上说:{我已将万物记录在一部明白的典籍中}。(雅辛章,第12节)
A--- Allah the Almighty says: {And all things We have recorded with numbers (as a record) in a Clear Book}. (Ya-Sin, 12)
安拉至高无上说:{这一切确已记录在经典之中(即被保存的天版)。}(朝觐章,70)
Allah the Almighty says: (Verily, it is (all) in the Book (Al-Lauh AlMahfuz)}. (Al-Hajj, 70)
他在穆萨与法老的辩论中说:{[法老]说:那么,前代的人们又如何呢?[穆萨]说:关于他们的知识,在我的主那里,记载于一部经典中。我的主不会错误,也不会忘记}。(塔哈章,51、52节)
He says in the debate between Moses and Pharaoh: {[Fir'aun (Pharaoh)] said: What about the generations of old? [Musa (Moses)] said: The knowledge thereof is with my Lord, in a Record. My Lord neither errs nor He forgets}. (Ta-Ha, 51, 52)
安拉至高无上地说:{任何雌性怀孕或生产,都是在祂的知识之中。任何长寿的人得以延年,或减少他的寿命,都记载在一部经典中(即受守的天牌)。这对安拉而言,确实是容易的}。(法图尔,11)
Allah the Almighty says: {And no female conceives or gives birth but with His Knowledge. And no aged man is granted a length of life nor is a part cut off from his life (or another man's life), but is in a Book (Al-Lauh Al-Mahfuz). Surely, that is easy for Allah}. (Fatir, 11)
所有圣训学者都记载:我们(先知的一些同伴)
All scholars of Hadith reported: We (some of the Prophet's companions)
我们曾在Gharqad墓地参加一场葬礼。那时,真主的使者ﷺ来到我们这里,我们便围坐在他身边。他手里拿着一根木棍。他低下头,用木棍在地上划着,然后说:"你们中没有一个人,不是已经被注定了天堂或火狱的位置,也没有一个人,不是已经被写定他是恶人还是善人。" 有人问:"真主的使者ﷺ啊,那我们难道不应当依赖我们的前定,而放弃行善吗?" 他说:"每个人都将被使其易于做那已为他所造的事。属于幸福者的,必使他易于行善;属于不幸者的,必使他易于作恶。" 然后他诵读了这节经文:{至于施舍而敬畏,并以至善为真,我将使他易于获得最易的境地;至于吝啬而自以为无需,并否认至善,我将使他易于获得最难的境地。}(夜行章 92:5-10)
were in a funeral in the graveyard of Gharqad that Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) came to us and we sat around him. He had a stick with him. He lowered his head and began to scratch the earth with his stick, and then said: There is not one amongst you whom a seat in Paradise or Hell has not been allotted and about whom it has not been written down whether he would be an evil person or a blessed person. A person said: Allah's Messenger, should we not then depend upon our destiny and abandon our deeds? Thereupon he said: Acts of everyone will be facilitated in, that which has been created for him so that whoever belongs to the company of the blessed will have good works made easier for him and whoever belongs to the unfortunate ones will have evil acts made easier for him. He then recited this verse (from the Qur'an): {Then, who gives to the needy and guards against evil and accepts the excellent (the truth of Islam and the path of righteousness it prescribes), We shall make easy for him the easy end and who is miserly and considers himself above need, We shall make easy for him the difficult end}. (XCii. 5-10)
(布哈里和穆斯林)
(Bukhari and Muslim)
《200 个关于穆斯林信仰的常见问题》——谢赫·哈菲兹·伊本·艾哈迈德·哈卡米
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami