问:有什么经文依据表明信仰的程度因人而异?
Q 39: What is the textual proof that degrees of Faith vary from one person to another?
A--- 安拉,至高无上的主说:{而先行者,是先行者。他们是被接近的人,住在恩泽的乐园里。先行者中有许多来自前代民众,后代中也有少数人。他们坐在镶嵌金银的床上,面对面地倚靠着。长生不老的童子围绕着他们侍奉,手持杯子、水壶和流动的美酒。饮了这酒,他们既不头痛,也不昏迷。他们可以随意选择水果,并享用他们所渴望的飞禽之肉。还有大眼美目的妻子(侍女),如同珍藏的珍珠。这是他们生前所行的报酬。他们在乐园里听不到无益的谎言和罪恶的言语,只听到"平安!平安!"的问候。而那些属于右边的人——属于右边的人是多么幸福啊!}(《大事章》,10-27节)
A--- Allah, the Almighty says: {And those foremost [in the life of this world on the very first call for to embrace Islam] will be foremost (in Paradise). These will be the nearest (to Allah). In the Gardens of Delight. A multitude of those (foremost) will be from the first generations (who embraced Islam). And a few of those (foremost) will be from the later generations. (They will be) on thrones woven with gold and precious stones. Reclining thereon, face to face. Immortal boys will go around them (serving), with cups, and jugs, and a glass of flowing wine, wherefrom they will get neither any aching of the head, nor any intoxication. And with fruit that they may choose, and with the flesh of fowls that they desire. And (there will be) Hur (fair females) with wide, lovely eyes (as wives for the pious), like unto preserved pearls. A reward for what they used to do. No Laghw (dirty, false, evil vain talk) will they hear therein, not any sinful speech (like backbiting). But only the saying of: Salam! Salam! (greetings with peace)! And those on the Right Hand –how (fortunate) will be those on the Right Hand?}. (Al-Waqi' ah, 10-27)
安拉至高无上说:{如果他(临终者)是蒙亲近者之一(被安拉所亲近的人),那么他将获得安息、给养和乐园(天堂)。如果他是属于右边的人,那么对于右边的人来说,将有平安(免受安拉的惩罚)}。(《奔跑》,88-91) 安拉至高无上说:{其中有自欺者,有中道者,有以安拉的许可而争先行善者。这(继承古兰经)确是伟大的恩典}。(《创造者》,32)
Allah the Almighty says: {Then, If he (the dying person) be of the Muqarrabun those brought near to Allah), (there is for him) rest and provision, and a Garden of Delights (Paradise). And if he (the dying person) be of those on the Right Hand, then there is safety and peace (from the Punishment of Allah) for those on the right Hand}.(Al-Waqi' ah, 88-91) Allah the Almighty says: {Then of them are some who wrong their own selves, and of them are some who follow a middle course, and of them are some who are, by Allah's Leave, foremost in good deeds. That (inheritance of the Qur'an) that is indeed a great grace}. (Fatir, 32)
先知(愿主赐他平安)说:"凡说'除安拉外别无应受崇拜的主'并且心中有相当于一粒大麦重量的善(信仰)的人,必将从火狱中被救出来。凡说……" Note: per the rules, the honorific "(Peace be upon him)" is written out in words in the original, so I rendered it as "(愿主赐他平安)" and placed ﷺ after the Prophet's mention as required. Correction to be precise, with ﷺ placed after the mention: 先知ﷺ(愿主赐他平安)说:"凡说'除安拉外别无应受崇拜的主'并且心中有相当于一粒大麦重量的善(信仰)的人,必将从火狱中被救出来。凡说……"
The Prophet (Peace be upon him) says: "Whoever said "None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and has in his heart good (faith) equal to the weight of a barley grain will be taken out of Hell. And whoever said:
"除真主外别无应受崇拜者,且心中有等同麦粒重量之善(信仰)的人,将从火狱中被救出。凡说'除真主外别无应受崇拜者',且心中有等同微尘重量之善(信仰)的人,将从火狱中被救出。"(布哈里、穆斯林)
"None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and has in his heart good (faith) equal to the weight of a wheat grain will be taken out of Hell. And whoever said: "None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and has in his heart good (faith) equal to the weight of an atom will be taken out of Hell ". (Bukhari and Muslim)
他ﷺ说:"安拉至尊,将心中有相当于一第纳尔重量之善(信仰)者从火狱中救出,然后将心中有相当于半第纳尔重量之善(信仰)者救出。"(《穆斯林圣训实录》)
He (Peace be upon him) says: "Allah the Almighty takes out of Hell he who has in his heart good (faith) equal to the weight of a Dinar, then who has in heart good (faith) equal to the weight of half a Dinar ". (Sahih Muslim)
参考文献:《关于穆斯林信仰的200个常见问题》——谢赫·哈菲兹·伊本·艾哈迈德·哈凯米
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami