9.1 Kebudayaan Islam
9.1 The Islamic Culture
Budaya Islam adalah disiplin-disiplin ilmu yang kajiannya didorong oleh akidah Islam, baik disiplin-disiplin tersebut mencakup akidah Islam dan menjaga kemurniannya, seperti ilmu tauhid (ilm al-Tawheed), maupun disiplin-disiplin yang didasarkan pada akidah Islam, seperti fikih, tafsir, dan hadis, atau apa pun yang menjadi diperlukan untuk memahami hukum-hukum yang bersumber dari akidah Islam, seperti ilmu-ilmu bahasa Arab, klasifikasi terminologis hadis (mustalah al-hadits), dan ilmu dasar-dasar fikih (ilmu ushul).
The Islamic culture are the disciplines the study of which is occasioned by the Islamic ‘aqīdah (creed), whether these disciplines included the Islamic ‘aqīdah and what guarantees its purity such as theology (ilm al-Tawheed) or they are based on the Islamic ‘aqīdah such as fiqh (jurisprudence), tafsīr and hadīth or whatever became necessary for the comprehension of rules emanating from the Islamic ‘aqīdah such as the sciences of the Arabic language, terminological classification of hadīth (mustalah al-hadīth) and science of the foundations of jurisprudence (‘ilm al-usul).
Seluruh budaya Islam dapat dikembalikan kepada Al-Qur'an dan Sunnah. Dan melalui keduanya, dengan pemahaman terhadapnya dan sesuai dengannya, seluruh cabang budaya Islam diperoleh. Keduanya (Al-Qur'an dan Sunnah) juga termasuk bagian dari budaya Islam, karena akidah Islam mewajibkan penerimaan dan keterikatan terhadap segala sesuatu yang disebutkan di dalamnya. Al-Qur'an diturunkan kepada Rasulullah ﷺ agar beliau ﷺ menjelaskannya kepada manusia. Allah berfirman:
All of the Islamic culture is referable to the Qur’ān and Sunnah. And it is from them and through their comprehension and according to them that all the branches of the Islamic culture have been acquired. They (the Quran and Sunnah) are also from the Islamic culture because the Islamic ‘aqīdah obliges the adoption and adherence to whatever has been mentioned in them. The Qur’ān was revealed to the Messenger so that he clarified it to the people. Allah said:
"Dan Kami turunkan kepadamu (Muhammad ﷺ) Adz-Dzikr (Al-Qur'an), agar engkau menerangkan kepada manusia apa yang telah diturunkan kepada mereka." [TMQ Nahl: 44]
“And we have sent down unto you (Muhammad (saw)) the reminder and the advice (Qur’ān), that you may clearly explain to men what was sent down to them.” [TMQ Nahl: 44]
Dan Dia memerintahkan kaum Muslimin untuk mengambil apa pun yang dibawa oleh Rasul ﷺ. Dia berfirman:
And He ordered the Muslims to take whatever the Messenger brought. He said:
"Dan apa yang diberikan Rasul ﷺ kepadamu, maka ambillah, dan apa yang dilarangnya bagimu, maka tinggalkanlah." [TMQ Hashr: 7]
“And whatsoever the Messenger (saw) gave you, take it, and whatsoever he forbade you, abstain (from it).”[TMQ Hashr: 7]
Mengamalkan apa yang telah dibawa oleh Rasulullah ﷺ tidak mungkin tanpa memahami dan mempelajarinya. Karena adanya ilmu-ilmu yang diperlukan untuk memahami Al-Qur'an dan Sunnah, berbagai jenis disiplin keilmuan Islam pun muncul, dan budaya Islam memperoleh makna khusus yang mencakup: Al-Qur'an, Sunnah, bahasa Arab, sharf (ilmu perubahan kata), nahwu (tata bahasa), balaghah (ilmu retorika), tafsir, hadits, klasifikasi hadits, ushul fiqh (dasar-dasar yurisprudensi), tauhid (teologi), dan disiplin budaya Islam lainnya.
Adopting whatever the Messenger PBUH has brought cannot be possible without comprehending and learning it. Owing to the presence of disciplines which were required to understand the Quran and Sunnah many types of Islamic disciplines arose and the Islamic culture came to have a specific meaning which included: the Quran, Sunnah, Arabic language, conjugation (sarf), grammar, rhetoric (balaagha), tafsīr, hadīth, classification of hadīth, foundations of jurisprudence (usul), theology (tawheed) and other Islamic culture disciplines