Al-Fiqh
Al-Fiqh
Makna Al-Fiqh:
The meaning of Al-Fiqh:
Al-Fiqh dari segi bahasa bermaksud: 'Al-Fahm' (pemahaman). Allah Ta'ala berfirman melalui lidah Musa (as):
Al-Fiqh linguistically means: ‘Al-Fahm’ (understanding). Allah Ta’Aalaa said upon the tongue of Mousaa (as):
Dan lepaskanlah simpulan dari lidahku (supaya) mereka memahami (Fiqh) perkataanku (Taha 28).
And untie the knot from my tongue (so that) they understand (Fiqh) my speech (TaHa 28).
Yang bermaksud bahawa mereka 'memahami' apa yang saya katakan kepada mereka.
Which means that they ‘understand’ what I say to them.
Makna Al-Fiqh menurut Istilah (definisi terminologi) para ‘Ulama Usul al-Fiqh ialah:
The meaning of Al-Fiqh in accordance to the Istilaah (terminological definition) of the ‘Ulamaa of Usool ul-Fiqh is:
Ia adalah ‘Ilm (ilmu) tentang hukum-hukum Syar‘iyyah amali yang diambil daripada dalil-dalilnya yang terperinci.
‘It is the ‘Ilm (knowledge) of the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah taken from its detailed evidences’.
Penjelasan tentang definisi:
Explanation of the definition:
Al-Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah:
Al-Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah:
Yang dimaksudkan dengan ini ialah: Al-Waajib, Al-Mandoob, Al-Mubaah, Al-Makrooh dan Al-Haraam.
What is intended by this is: Al-Waajib, Al-Mandoob, Al-Mubaah, Al-Makrooh and Al-Haraam.
Yang dimaksudkan juga ialah: As-Sabab, Ash-Shart, Al-Maani', Al-'Azeemah, Ar-Rukhsah dan As-Sihhah, Al-Fasaad dan Al-Butlaan.
What is intended is also: As-Sabab, Ash-Shart, Al-Maani’, Al- ‘Azeemah, Ar-Rukhsah and As-Sihhah, Al-Fasaad and Al-Butlaan.
Al-‘Amaliyyah (praktikal):
Al-‘Amaliyyah (practical):
Apa yang mempunyai hubungan dengan perbuatan hamba-hamba (Allah), seperti solat, jihad, perdagangan, dan melantik seorang khalifah bagi kaum Muslimin.
That which has a relationship to the actions of the ‘Ibaad (slaves) like the Salaah, the Jihaad, the trade and appointing a Khalifah for the Muslims.
Al-Mustafaadah:
Al-Mustafaadah:
Apa yang diambil tanpa Istinbaat (penyimpulan hukum) dan apa yang diambil melalui Istinbaat.
That which is taken without Istinbaat (deduction) and that which is taken by way of Istinbaat.
Al-Adillah At-Tafseeliyah (dalil-dalil terperinci):
Al-Adillah At-Tafseeliyah (the detailed evidences):
Ini adalah Adillah Al-Juz’iyah (dalil-dalil terperinci), seperti Ayat atau Hadith, atau sebahagian daripada kedua-duanya, seperti: "Aqeemu-s-Salaah" (dirikanlah solat) dan seperti: "Allah telah menghalalkan Bai' (jual beli)".
These are the Adillah Al-Juz’iyah (partial evidences) like the Aayah or the Hadeeth or a part from them both like: “Aqeemu-s-Salaah” (establish the prayer) and like: “Allah has made Bai’ (trade) Halaal”.