Yang Pertama: Berpaling daripada Qiyaas Jaliy (qiyas yang nyata) kepada Qiyaas Khafiy (qiyas yang tersembunyi atau tersirat), dan ini dinamakan Al-Ihtisaan Al-Qiyaasiy.
The First: Departure from a Qiyaas Jaliy (evident analogy) to the Qiyaas Khafiy (hidden or concealed analogy) and they call this Al- Ihtisaan Al-Qiyaasiy.
Contoh ini:
An example of this:
Jika dua orang rakan kongsi membeli sebuah kereta daripada dua orang rakan kongsi dalam bentuk hutang yang tertanggung ke atas mereka, kemudian salah seorang daripada dua rakan kongsi yang berhak menerima wang hutang itu mengambil bahagian sebahagian daripada hutang ini, dan dia kemudian kehilangan jumlah yang telah diambilnya itu sebelum rakan kongsinya mengambil bahagiannya, apakah hukumnya dalam hal ini menurut Qiyaas Al-Jaliy dan Qiyaas Al-Khafiy yang dipegang oleh pengikut Istihsaan?
If two partners purchased a car from two partners in the form of a debt due upon them, then one of the two partners who were owed money took possession of a part of this debt and he then lost this amount that he had taken possession of before the partner took his share, what is the Hukm for that in respect to the Qiyaas Al-Jaliy and the Qiyaas Al-Khafiy which the followers of Istihsaan hold.
Berkenaan dengan Qiyas al-Jali:
In respect to the Qiyaas Al-Jaliy:
Qiyaas Al-Jaliy (yang mewakili qiyaas yang sahih) menetapkan bahawa wang yang hilang oleh salah seorang daripada dua rakan kongsi dianggap sebagai daripada akaun kedua-dua rakan kongsi, supaya kerugian itu dikongsi sama rata antara mereka berdua.
The Qiyaas Al-Jaliy (which represents the sound Qiyaas) dictates that the money lost by one of the two partners is to be considered to be from the account of the two partners so that the loss is shared equally between the two of them.
Menurut Qiyās al-Khafiy:
In accordance to the Qiyaas Al-Khafiy:
Wang yang hilang dianggap berasal daripada bahagian orang yang memegangnya seorang diri, manakala rakannya tidak berkongsi menanggung kerugian itu, berdasarkan Istihsan. Hal itu kerana, pada pandangan mereka, asalnya tidak wajib baginya untuk berkongsi dengan orang yang memegang wang tersebut, sebaliknya haknya ialah membiarkan wang yang telah dipegang oleh pemegangnya, kemudian menuntut bahagiannya daripada orang yang berhutang tanpa membayar apa-apa ganti kepada wang yang hilang yang telah dipegang oleh rakannya.
The lost money is considered to be from the share of the one who took possession alone whilst the partner does not share in the cost of the loss as a result of Istihsaan. That is because, in their view, it was not binding for him to share with the one who took possession in origin but rather it was his right to leave the money that had been taken possession of by the possessor and then pursue the indebted for his share without paying any consideration to the lost money that his partner had taken possession of.
Yang Kedua: Pengecualian sebahagian isu daripada suatu Daleel Kulli disebabkan oleh suatu Daleel yang menjadikan jiwa mujtahid berpuas hati, dan Daleel itulah yang menuntut pengecualian ini.
The Second: The exemption of a partial issue from a Kulliy Daleel due to a Daleel that the Nafs of the Mujtahid is contented by that dictates this exemption.
Jika penjual dan pembeli berselisih mengenai harga sesuatu komoditi atau barangan selepas penyerahannya, di mana penjual mendakwa harganya ialah 50 Deenaar manakala pembeli mendakwa ialah 40 Deenaar, maka apakah Hukm Ash-Shar'iy berkenaan perkara itu?
If the seller and buyer differ in regards to the price of a commodity or goods after its delivery, where the seller claims that its price is 50 Deenaar whilst the purchaser claims that it is 40 Deenaar, then what is the Hukm Ash-Shar’iy in respect to that?
Kulliy Asl (asal):
The Kulliy Asl (origin):
Bahawa mereka dihukum berdasarkan Qaa'idah Ash-Shar'iyah, iaitu teks Hadis Rasulullah ﷺ:
That they are judged by the Qaa’idah Ash-Shar’iyah which is the text of the Hadeeth of the Messenger of Allah (saw):