Al-mubaah (lo permisible)
Al-mubaah (the Permissible)
El Mubaah es el Jitaab (mandato) del Shari' al dar la elección entre hacer y dejar sin alternativa (min gair badal). La Ibaahah (permisividad) pertenece a los Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah, porque es el mandato del legislador, y es necesario que la permisividad se establezca a partir de un mandato del legislador que la mencione. Esto se debe a que Allah Ta'aalaa ha explicado el Hukm Ash-Shar'iy para todo asunto y con respecto a toda acción. Allah (SWT) dice:
The Mubaah is the Khitaab (address) of the Shaari’ in providing the choice between doing and leaving without alternative (Min Ghair Badal). The Ibaahah (permissibility) is from the Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah because it is the address of the legislator and it is necessary for the permissibility to be established from an address of the legislator that mentions it. That is because Allah Ta’Aalaa has explained the Hukm Ash-Shar’iy for every matter and in respect to every action. Allah (swt) said:
Y hemos revelado sobre ti el Kitaab como explicación de todas las cosas (An-Nahl 89).
And We have revealed upon you the Kitaab as an explanation for every matter (An-Nahl 89).
Por lo tanto, lo mubāḥ no es aquello sobre lo que la Shar'a ha guardado silencio, sino aquello cuyo ḥukm la Shar'a ha explicado como mubāḥ. Así, la licitud (ibāḥah) de la caza queda clara por la declaración de Allah (SWT):
Therefore, the Mubaah is not that which the Shar’a has remained silent upon but rather it is that which the Shar’a has explained its Hukm to be Mubaah. As such, the permissibility (Ibaahah) of hunting is clear from the statement of Allah (swt):
Pero cuando termines el Ihram (de Hach o de 'Umrah), puedes cazar (Al-Ma'idah 2).
But when you finish the Ihram (of Hajj or 'Umrah), you may hunt (Al-Maa’idah 2).
Lo mismo se aplica a la licitud de dispersarse después de la Salāt al-Jumu‘ah y buscar el Rizq, tal como ha sido revelado en Su Qawl Ta‘ālā
The same applies to the permissibility of dispersing after Salaat-ul-Jumu’ah and seeking Rizq as it has come in His Qawl Ta’Aa
Entonces, cuando se concluya la oración del (Yumu'ah) Salat (oración), podéis dispersaros por la tierra y buscar la Bondad de Allah (Yumu'ah 10).
Then when the (Jumu'ah) Salat (prayer) is finished, you may disperse through the land, and seek the Bounty of Allah (Jumu’ah 10).
En cuanto al dicho del Mensajero ﷺ:
As for the Qawl of the Messenger (saw):
Lo halal es aquello que Allah ha declarado halal en Su Libro, y lo haram es aquello que Allah ha declarado haram en Su Libro, y aquello sobre lo que Él ha guardado silencio, eso es lo que Él ha perdonado (Ibn Maayah y At-Tirmidhi, de Salmaan Al-Faarisy).
The Halaal is that which Allah has made Halaal in His Kitaab and the Haraam is that which Allah has made Haraam in His Kitaab and that which has been silent upon then it is from that which he has pardoned (Ibn Maajah and At-Tirmidhi from Salmaan Al-Faarisy).
Esto no significa que lo que el Corán ha callado sea Mubaḥ, porque hay cosas que han sido declaradas Ḥarām y cosas que han sido declaradas Ḥalāl dentro del Ḥadīth (Sunnah). El significado que se pretende con "aquello sobre lo que se ha guardado silencio" es que sea declarado Ḥalāl. Que sea declarado Ḥalāl se considera una expresión de perdón (ʿAfw) de Allah, y el silencio mencionado en este Ḥadīth y en otros semejantes significa el silencio respecto a lo Ḥarām, y no el silencio en cuanto a explicar el Ḥukm Ash-Shar‘iy de una acción o asunto.
This does not mean that what the Qur’aan has been silent upon is Mubaah because there are things which have been made Haraam and things that have been made Halaal within the Hadeeth (Sunnah). The meaning that is intended from ‘that which has been silent upon’ is its being made Halaal. Its being made Halaal is considered to represent a pardoning (‘Afw) from Allah and the silence mentioned in this Hadeeth and others like it signifies the Sukoot (silence) from the Haraam and not the Sukoot (silence) in respect to explaining the Hukm Ash-Shar’iy for an action or matter.