The Types Of Al-mahkoom Feehi From The Angle Of The Direction That It Is Attributed To
The action of the Mukallaf in respect to its connection to the Haqq (right) of Allah and to the right of the ‘Ibaad (servants/people) is divided into four categories:
1 – Haqq of Allah:
This is the action upon which a general benefit/good is built and for this reason it is attributed to the Lord of the worlds due to the comprehensiveness of its benefit.
It is not permitted to remove this right and it is not right for anyone to give it up (compromise in respect to it) or go against it. These types of Huqooq (rights) include:
- The ‘Ibaadaat (acts of worship): Like the Salaah, Zakaah, Siyaam, Hajj, Al-Jihaad, carrying the Da’wah, Sadaqat ul-Fitr and the Zakaah upon the what is cultivated upon the ‘Ushri land.
- Al-Kharaaj: This represents the taxes upon the Kharaajiyah lands and these are the lands which were opened up by force and were left in the hands of its non-Muslim owners. There is also the Jizyah that is taken from the non-Muslim subjects (Ri’aayaa) of the Islamic State.
- Al-Kaffaaraat (expiations) in all of their forms like the Kaffaarah of breaking the oath sworn in Allah’s name amongst other types. There is also the Khumus of the Ghanaa’im (fifth of the war booty) and the fifth of the Rikaaz. This is treasure buried under the ground and the one who finds it must give a fifth of its value to the State to be added to the revenues of the Bait ul-Maal (treasury). - Establishment of the punishments that have been specified and set by the Shar’a and these are the Hudood like the Hadd of Zinaa, the Hadd of Saraqah (theft), the Hadd of drinking alcohol and the Hadd of the one who blocks the road to steal (highway robber) … The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: