الجاثية: ٢٤-٣٧ Note: The user's text is a heading with a verse range. Translating it as a heading. - في ظلال القرآن | Quran Course

الجاثية: ٢٤-٣٧ Note: The user's text is a heading with a verse range. Translating it as a heading. - في ظلال القرآن | Quran Course

وَقَالُوا مَا هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا الدُّنْيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحْيَا وَمَا يُهْلِكُنَا إِلَّا الدَّهْرُ ۚ وَمَا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ ۝ وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ مَا كَانَ حُجَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا أَن قَالُوا

They say: 'There is nothing beyond our life in this world. We die, we live, nothing but time destroys us. Of this they have no knowledge whatsoever. They merely guess. Whenever Our revelations are recited to them in all their clarity, their only argument is to say:

"ائْتُوا بِآبَائِنَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ". قُلِ: «اللهُ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُكُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ».

'Bring back our forefathers, if what you claim be true. 9 Say: 'It is God who gives you life, then causes you to die; and then He will gather you all on Resurrection Day of which there is no doubt, though most people do not understand. ’ (Verses 24-26)

وكانوا من قصر النظر بحيث ظنّوا أن الحياة لا تتجاوز ما يرونه أمام أعينهم: يموت جيل فيحلّ محلّه جيل آخر في الحياة. ويبدو أنه لا يد تُنزل الموت، وإنما الأمر كله مسألة أيام تمضي وزمن يمرّ فيجلب الموت للجميع.

So short-sighted were they that they considered life to be nothing beyond what they saw before their very eyes: one generation dies and another replaces it in life. Apparently, no hand deals death; it is all a question of days that pass and time that elapses bringing death to all.

فَالدَّهْرُ هُوَ الَّذِي يُفْنِيهِمْ وَيُمِيتُهُمْ، وَهَذَا نَظَرٌ سَطْحِيٌّ لَا يَتَجَاوَزُ الظَّوَاهِرَ إِلَى اكْتِشَافِ الأَسْبَابِ وَالعِلَلِ الدَّقِيقَةِ. فَهُمْ لَا يَسْأَلُونَ: مَا الَّذِي يَجْلِبُ الحَيَاةَ؟ وَإِذَا وُجِدَتْ، مَا الَّذِي يَسْلُبُهَا؟ إِنَّهُمْ يَرَوْنَ أَنَّ المَوْتَ لَا يَقَعُ وَفْقَ نِظَامٍ مُحَدَّدٍ، أَوْ بَعْدَ عَدَدٍ مُعَيَّنٍ مِنَ الأَيَّامِ وَالسِّنِينَ، بَلْ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّ مُرُورَ الزَّمَنِ وَحْدَهُ هُوَ الَّذِي يَحْرِمُهُمُ الحَيَاةَ. وَالمَوْتُ يُصِيبُ الجَمِيعَ: الأَطْفَالَ وَالشُّيُوخَ، وَالأَصِحَّاءَ وَالمَرْضَى، وَالأَقْوِيَاءَ وَالضُّعَفَاءَ. لِذَلِكَ، إِذَا تَأَمَّلْنَا فِي السَّبَبِ الكَامِنِ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ، تَبَيَّنَ أَنَّ الزَّمَنَ تَفْسِيرٌ غَيْرُ كَافٍ.

It is time, then, that ends their lives, making them die. This is a superficial outlook that does not go beyond appearances to discover subtle reasons and causes. They do not ask what brings them life; or, when it is there, what takes it away? They see that death does not occur according to a defined system or after a certain number of days and years. Instead, they think that only the passage of time deprives them of life. Death comes to all: children and the elderly, the healthy and the ill, the strong and the weak. Therefore, when we carefully consider the reason behind all this, time is an inadequate explanation.

لِذَلِكَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ: ﴿مَا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ﴾ (الآية 24). إنَّ ظنونهم شَطَطٌ، تفتقر إلى التأمل الصحيح، والعلم السليم، وفهم العلاقة بين السبب والمسبَّب. فهم لا ينظرون نظرًا دقيقًا في ظاهرتَي الحياة والموت، ليدركوا أنهما ناتجتان عن إرادةٍ غير إرادة الإنسان، وعن حكمةٍ غير مرور الزمان.

Therefore, God says of them: “Of this they have no knowledge whatsoever. They merely guess” (Verse 24) Their guesses are wild, lack proper reflection, sound knowledge and an understanding of cause and effect. They do not look carefully at the two phenomena of life and death to realize that they are the result of a will other than that of man and a reason other than the passage of time.

“وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ مَّا كَانَ حُجَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا أَن قَالُوا ائْتُوا بِآبَائِنَا إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ” (الآية 25). هذه نظرةٌ سطحيةٌ مماثلةٌ، لا تدرك سننَ الخلق، ولا حكمةَ الله، ولا السرَّ الذي وراء الحياة والموت. فإنما يعيش الناسُ على هذه الأرض ليُتاح لهم أن يسعوا نحو غايتهم النهائية، ولذلك يبتليهم الله بما يضعه تحت تصرفهم في هذه الحياة.

“ Whenever Our revelations are recited to them in all their clarity, their only argument is to say: 'Bring back our forefathers, if what you claim be true.,M (Verse 25) This is a similarly superficial outlook devoid of any understanding of the laws of creation, Gods wisdom or the secret that lies beyond life and death. People live on this planet so that they have a chance to work towards their ultimate destiny. Thus, God tests them by means of what He places at their disposal in this life.

ثُمَّ يَمُوتُونَ وَيَنْتَظِرُونَ وَقْتَ الْحِسَابِ الَّذِي قَدَّرَهُ سُبْحَانَهُ.

They then die and await the time of reckoning determined by Him.

إنهم سيُحاسَبون على ما عملوه في هذه الحياة. ولذلك، إذا ماتوا لا يرجعون إلى هذه الدنيا. ولا فائدة من مثل هذه العودة قبل الأجل المحدَّد. ولن يرجعوا لمجرد أن جماعةً من البشر تقترح ذلك. فالسنن الكبرى التي وضعها الله في الكون لا تتغير بناءً على اقتراح البشر. ولا مجال البتة لأخذ سذاجتهم في الاعتبار حين يُجيبون على وحي الله: {أَحْيُوا لَنَا آبَاءَنَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ} (الآية ٢٥).

They will account for what they did in this life. Therefore, when they die, they do not return to this world. No purpose is served by such a return before the appointed time. They will not return merely because a group of human beings suggest they should. The major laws God has set in operation in the universe are not changed as a result of human suggestion. There is no question whatsoever of their naivety in answer to Gods revelations being taken up: “Bring back our forefathers, if what you claim be true.” (Verse 25)

لماذا ينبغي لله أن يُعيد آباءهم قبل الوقت الذي قدّره، في حكمته البالغة؟ ليُقنعهم بأن الله قادر على إحياء الموتى؟ يا للعجب! ألا يرون أن الله يُبدئ الحياة في كل لحظة أمام أعينهم، وفق القانون الذي وضعه للحياة؟ ﴿وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُكُمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ﴾ (الآية 26) إن المعجزة التي يريدون أن تُجرى لآبائهم تقع أمام أعينهم. فالله هو الذي يمنح الحياة ويُميت. فلا غرابة إذن في أن يُحيي الموتى، ويجمعهم جميعاً يوم القيامة. فلماذا يشكّون في ذلك، وهم يرونه يحدث أمامهم؟ ﴿وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ (الآية 26)

Why should God bring back their forefathers before the time He, in His infinite wisdom, has determined? To convince them that God is able to bring the dead back to life? How amazing! Do they not see that God initiates life at every moment before their very eyes, in accordance with the law He has set for life? It is God who gives you life, then causes you to die; and then He will gather you all on Resurrection Day of which there is no doubt” (Verse 26) The very miracle they want to see done to their fathers occurs before their very eyes. It is God who grants life and causes death. There is nothing surprising, then, that He will bring the dead back to life, gathering them all on Resurrection Day. Why should they entertain any doubt about this, when they see it occurring before them: “Though most people do not understand.” Verse 26)

القرآن الكريم يعلّق على هذه الحقيقة الظاهرة بالإشارة إلى مصدر كل شيء: ﴿لِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ﴾؟ (الآية ٢٧). فهو الذي يخلق كل شيء في الكون ويدبّره، وهو القادر على بدء كل شيء وكل إنسان وإعادته.

The Qur’an’s comment on this visible fact cites the origin of all: “ To God belongs the dominion over the heavens and the earth? (Verse 27) He is the One who makes and controls everything in the universe, and He is the One able to originate and reinstate everything and everyone.

يُعرَضُ عليهم الآنَ مشهدٌ من ذلك اليوم الذي كانوا يشكّون في أن يأتي أبدًا.

They are now presented with a scene from the day that they doubt will ever come:

وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَخْسَرُ الْمُبْطِلُونَ * وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً ۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعَىٰ إِلَىٰ كِتَابِهَا ۖ الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ * هَٰذَا كِتَابُنَا يَنطِقُ عَلَيْكُم بِالْحَقِّ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنسِخُ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ

When the Last Hour strikes, those who follow falsehood will on that Day lose all. You will see every community on its knees. Every community will be summoned to its record: 'Today you shall be requited for all that you did. This Our record speaks of you in all truth; for We have been recording everything you do! (Verses 27—29)

في الآية الأولى يُبيَّن لهم مصير الذين يتبعون الباطل، وهم الذين يَخسرون خسارةً تامّة. ثم نُعطى صورةً شاملة، إذ تُجمع فيها جميع الأجيال التي عاشت على وجه هذه الأرض عبر العصور.

In the first of these verses they are told of the fate of those who follow falsehood. They are the ones who end up in utter loss. Then we are given a panoramic view, with all the generations that have dwelled on the surface of this planet throughout the ages gathered together.

وَهُمْ جَمِيعًا جَاثِينَ عَلَى رُكَبِهِمْ، كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ مُتَمَيِّزَةٌ عَنْ غَيْرِهَا، وَلَكِنَّهُمْ جَمِيعًا يَنْتَظِرُونَ حِسَابَهُمُ المَهِيبَ. وَالجَوُّ جَوُّ رَهْبَةٍ وَخَوْفٍ. وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ، وَقَدْ جَمَعَ المَوْقِفُ كُلَّ أَهْلِ الأَجْيَالِ، وَهُمْ جَمِيعًا عَلَى رُكَبِهِمْ؟ وَيَبْعَثُ الخَوْفَ الأَشَدَّ مَا يَنْتَظِرُ النَّاسَ مِنْ مُسَاءَلَةٍ عَنْ أَعْمَالِهِمْ. أَمَّا أَشَدُّ مَا يُوَلِّدُ الخَوْفَ فَهُوَ أَنَّهُمْ سَيُلَاقُونَ اللهَ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى، الرَّحْمَنَ الرَّحِيمَ، الَّذِي لَمْ تُقَابَلْ نِعَمُهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا بِالشُّكْرِ، مِنْ أَكْثَرِ الحَاضِرِينَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ.

They all sit on their knees, each community distinguished from the next, but all awaiting their dreaded accountability. The atmosphere is one of awe and fear. How can it be otherwise, when the assembly brings together everyone from all generations, and they are all on their knees? Greater fear is inspired by what lies ahead of people having to account for their deeds. What generates most fear, however, is that they have to face God Almighty, the Most Gracious, whose blessings were not met with gratitude, on earth, by most of those gathered before Him.

وَتَرَى كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً ۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعَىٰ إِلَىٰ كِتَابِهَا ۚ الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ۝ هٰذَا كِتَابُنَا يَنطِقُ عَلَيْكُم بِالْحَقِّ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنسِخُ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ جميع أولئك، المنتمين إلى أمم وأجناس وأجيال مختلفة، يجثون على ركبهم وينظرون بقلق، لاهثين وقد جفت أفواههم. فيُقال لهم: «اليوم تُجزَون بما كنتم تعملون. هذا كتابنا ينطق عليكم بالحق؛ فإنا كنا نستنسخ ما كنتم تعملون؟» (الآيتان 28-29). وينقسمون جميعاً، المنتمين إلى أمم مختلفة، إلى فريقين: مؤمنين وكافرين، لأنه لا راية أخرى يُرفع لواؤها في ذلك المقام.

All those waiting on their knees look anxiously, breathless and with dry mouths. They are told: “ Today you shall be requited for all that you did. This Our record speaks of you in all truth; for We have been recording everything you do? (Verses 28-29) All of them, belonging to different communities, races and generations, are split into two groups - believers and unbelievers - for there is no other banner to raise on that occasion.

أحدهما حزبُ الله، والآخر حزبُ الشيطان.

One is God’s party and the other is Satan’s.

﴿فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَيُدْخِلُهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْمُبِينُ﴾ (الآية ٣٠). فهؤلاء هم الذين يُمنحون الطمأنينة لتبديد كل هَمٍّ وقلق، ويُعجَّل لهم نتيجة أمرهم بيسرٍ وسهولةٍ دون تأخير، حتى يُنشر عليهم جوٌّ من الراحة والبهجة. أمّا إذا أجلنا النظر في ألفاظ النص لنتأمل حال الفريق الآخر، فإننا نسمع توبيخًا طويلًا مُخزيًا، يُذكّرهم بأسوأ أقوالهم وأعمالهم.

“ Those who believed and did righteous deeds will be admitted by their Lord into His grace. That will be the manifest triumph” (Verse 30) They are the ones who are given comfort to dispel all worry and anxiety. The outcome of their situation is given straightaway, easily and without delay, so as to spread over them a pleasant air. But what do we find as we stretch our eyes through the words of the text to look at the other party? We hear a long and shameful rebuke one that reminds them of their worst sayings and deeds:

وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ آيَاتِي تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَكُنْتُمْ قَوْمًا مُجْرِمِينَ * وَإِذَا قِيلَ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَالسَّاعَةُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا قُلْتُمْ مَا نَدْرِي مَا السَّاعَةُ إِنْ نَظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنًّا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُسْتَيْقِنِينَ

And as for the unbelievers, [they will be asked]: When My revelations were recited to you, did you not glory in your arrogance and persist in your wicked ways? For when it was said, ‘God’s promise will certainly come true, and there can be no doubt about the Last Hour, ’you would answer, ‘We know nothing of the Last Hour. We think it is all conjecture, and we are by no means convinced.’” (Verses 31-32)

كيف تنظر الآن إلى وضعك؟ هل أنت مقتنع؟ ثم تلتفت السورة لحظةً لتُريَنا لمحةً مما يحدث لهم: ﴿وَبَدَا لَهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا عَمِلُوا وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ﴾ (الآية ٣٣).

How do you view your situation now? Are you convinced? Then the surah turns away for a moment to give us a glimpse of what happens to them: “ The evil of their deeds will become clear to them, and they will be overwhelmed by the very thing they used to deride.” (Verse 33)

ثُمَّ يُضَافُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ التَّوْبِيخِ مَا يُثْقِلُ كَاهِلَهُمْ، فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ إِنَّ مَصِيرَهُمْ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا الإِهْمَالَ التَّامَّ، وَالذُّلَّ وَالْهَوَانَ، وَالْعَذَابَ الأَلِيمَ:

Further reproach is heaped upon their heads, and they are told that their lot will be nothing other than total disregard, humiliation as well as painful doom:

{قِيلَ الْيَوْمَ نَنسَاكُمْ كَمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَاءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا وَمَأْوَاكُمُ النَّارُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن نَّاصِرِينَ * ذَٰلِكُم بِأَنَّكُمُ اتَّخَذْتُمْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ هُزُوًا وَغَرَّتْكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا} (الجاثية: ٣٤-٣٥)

It will be said to them: ‘Today We shall be oblivious of you as you were oblivious of the coming of this your Day! The fire will be your abode, and you will have no one to help you. Thus it is, because you received God’s revelations with ridicule and allowed the life of this world to beguile you. ’ (Verses 34-35)

وعندما يُعلَن مصيرهم النهائي، تُسدَل الستائر، فيبقون في جهنم، لا يُرجى لهم خروج منها، ولا يُسألون عن عذر أو تبرير: ﴿فَالْيَوْمَ لَا يُخْرَجُونَ مِنْهَا وَلَا هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ﴾ (الآية ٣٥). وكأننا نكاد نسمع أبواب جهنم وهي تُغلَق أخيراً. قد اكتمَل المشهد، ولن يتغيّر شيء منه.

As their ultimate fate is announced, the curtains are drawn leaving them in hell from which they cannot hope to leave and where they are not asked for excuses or justification: “Therefore, they will not be brought out of the Fire on that Day, nor will they be given a chance to make amends.” (Verse 35) As we listen, we almost hear the doors of hell as they are finally closed. The scene is completed; nothing of it will change.

تختتم السورة بأصوات تُثني على الله وتُسبّحه.

The surah concludes with voices praising and glorifying God:

الحمدُ لله ربِّ السماواتِ، ربِّ الأرضِ، وربِّ العالَمين. وله وحدَه الكبرياءُ في السماواتِ والأرض. وهو وحدَه العزيزُ الحكيم.

All praise is due to God, the Lord of the heavens, the Lord of the earth and the Lord of all the worlds. His alone is all supremacy in the heavens and the earth. He alone is the Almighty, the Wise.

36—37)

36—37)

تُعلِنُ الصوتُ الحامدُ رُبوبيّةَ اللهِ على الكونِ: الأرضِ والسماءِ، والإنسِ والجنِّ، والطيرِ والدوابِّ، وكلِّ من وما فيهِ. وجميعُهم في رعايةِ ربٍّ واحدٍ قائمٍ على كلِّ شيءٍ تمامَ القيامِ. فَتَبارَكَ في رعايتِه لهم جميعًا. ويُعلِنُ الصوتُ المُمجِّدُ أنّ السُّلطانَ الكاملَ في الكونِ للهِ وحدَه.

The praising voice declares Gods Lordship over the universe: earth and heaven, mankind and jinn, birds and beasts, as well as everyone and everything. They are all under the care of one Lord who is totally in control. Praised is He for the care He takes of them all. The glorifying voice declares that all supremacy in the universe belongs to God alone.

له يخضع كل جبار متعالٍ، ولقدرته يذعن كل نفس متمردة. وله أيضاً القدرة العليا والحكمة المطلقة. الحمد والمجد لله رب العالمين.

To Him bows every exalted tyrant, and to His power submits every rebellious nature. Furthermore, to Him belongs the supreme power and absolute wisdom. Praise and glory to God, the Lord of all the worlds.