سورۃ النمل: النمل (تسع آیات للفرعون وقومه) 7-14
Al-Naml The Ants ( Nine Miracles For Most) 7-14
قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَهْلِهِ: إِنِّي آنَسْتُ نَارًا، سَآتِيكُم مِّنْهَا بِخَبَرٍ أَوْ آتِيكُم بِشِهَابٍ قَبَسٍ لَّعَلَّكُمْ تَصْطَلُونَ (٧)
Moses said to his family: ‘I perceive a fire. I will bring you from there some information, or else, I will bring you a burning brand so that you may warm yourselves.’ (7)
فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا نُودِيَ أَن بُورِكَ مَن فِي النَّارِ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا ۚ وَسُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (٨)
But when he came close to it, he was addressed: ‘Blessed are those in the fire and those around it! And limitless in His glory is God, the Lord of all the worlds.’ (8)
"يَا مُوسَىٰ! إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ" (٩)
‘Moses! Truly, I am alone God, the Almighty, the Wise! (9)
وَأَلْقِ عَصَاكَ ۚ فَلَمَّا رَآهَا تَهْتَزُّ كَأَنَّهَا جَانٌّ وَلَّىٰ مُدْبِرًا وَلَمْ يُعَقِّبْ ۚ يَا مُوسَىٰ لَا تَخَفْ ۖ إِنِّي لَا يَخَافُ لَدَيَّ الْمُرْسَلُونَ (10)
Now throw down your staff’ But when he saw it moving, as if it were a serpent, he turned and fled, with no thought of turning back. ‘Moses, have no fear!’ [Said God]: ‘Messengers have nothing to fear in My presence. (10)
وَمَنْ عَمِلَ سُوءًا ثُمَّ تَابَ مِن بَعْدِهِ وَأَصْلَحَ فَإِنَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ (١١)
If anyone has done wrong and then replaced the wrong with good; well, I am Much-Forgiving, Merciful. (11)
وَأَدْخِلْ يَدَكَ فِي جَيْبِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ ۖ فِي تِسْعِ آيَاتٍ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَقَوْمِهِ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَوْمًا فَاسِقِينَ ‹12›
Now place your hand inside your garment, and it will come out [shining] white without blemish. [This is one of] the nine signs for Pharaoh and his people. They are wicked people.’ (12)
فَلَمَّا جَاءَتْهُمْ آيَاتُنَا مُبْصِرَةً قَالُوا هَٰذَا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ ﴿١٣﴾
But when Our light-giving signs came to them, they said: ‘This is plain sorcery.’ (13)
وَجَحَدُوا بِهَا وَاسْتَيْقَنَتْهَا أَنفُسُهُمْ ظُلْمًا وَعُلُوًّا ۚ فَانظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُفْسِدِينَ ١٤
Within their souls they knew them to be true, yet they, in their wickedness and arrogance, rejected them. Consider, then, what happened in the end to the evil- doers. (14)
نظرۃ عامۃ
Overview
هذه الحلقة القصيرة السريعة عن موسى تأتي مباشرةً بعد أن أكّد الله للنبي ﷺ تنزّل وحيه الإلهي: ﴿وَإِنَّكَ لَتُلَقَّى الْقُرْآنَ مِن لَّدُنْ حَكِيمٍ عَلِيمٍ﴾ (الآية 6). وكأنما قيل للنبي محمد ﷺ إن تلقّي مثل هذه الوحي ليس أمرًا جديدًا لم يسبقه نظير في التاريخ. وهنا نرى موسى عليه السلام يُكلَّف بمهمته، فقد نُودي من عليائه ليبلّغ الرسالة إلى فرعون وقومه. وكذلك أُخبر النبي ﷺ بأن المعارضة التي لقيها والاتهامات التي وجّهها إليه قومه ليست بدعًا من الأمر. فقد كان قوم موسى موقنين في قلوبهم أن الآيات التي أُريتها إنما هي من عند الله وحده، لكنهم بظلمهم واستكبارهم جحدوها. وينبغي التأمل في عاقبة أولئك الظالمين من قبل، فقد يلقى قومُه، الذين هم أيضًا معاندون في رفض حقيقة الرسالة الإلهية، مصيرًا مشابهًا.
This short and quick episode about Moses occurs immediately after God has assured the Prophet of his divine revelations: “Most certainly, you receive the Qur’ān out of the grace of One who is Wise, All-Knowing.” (Verse 6) It is as though the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was being told that receiving such revelations was not a new phenomenon without precedent in history. Here, we see Moses being assigned his mission. He was called from on high to deliver the message to Pharaoh and his people. Similarly, the Prophet was told that the opposition he met with and the accusations levelled at him by his people were nothing new. Moses’ people were certain at heart that the signs they were shown were the work of none other than God but, in their wicked arrogance, they nevertheless denied them. The end those evildoers of old met should be reflected upon, for his own people who were also stubborn in their rejection of the truth of the divine message could face a similar end.
موسى: رسولٌ مُصطفى
Moses: A Favoured Messenger
قال موسى لأهله: إني آنستُ ناراً، سآتيكم منها بخبرٍ، أو آتيكم بشهابٍ قبسٍ لعلكم تصطلون. (الآية 7) وهذه الحادثة المذكورة في سورة طه وقعت حين كان موسى ﷺ في طريق عودته من مدين إلى مصر، ومعه زوجته ابنةُ شعيبٍ عليه السلام.(5) ويبدو أنه ضلّ الطريق في ليلةٍ مظلمةٍ باردة، ويدل على ذلك قولُه لزوجته إنه سيأتيهم بخبرٍ أو بجذوةٍ من النار ليدفئوا أنفسهم. وقد حدث ذلك قرب جبل سينا، ويسمى بالعربية الطورَ.
“Moses said to his family: I perceive a fire. I will bring you from there some information, or else, I will bring you a burning brand so that you may warm yourselves.” (Verse 7) This event, which is mentioned in Sūrah 20, Ţā Hā, took place when Moses was on his way back from Madyan to Egypt, accompanied by his wife, the daughter of Shu`ayb (peace be upon him).5 He apparently lost his way on a dark cold night. This is suggested by him saying to his wife that he would bring information or a torch to give them some warmth. This occurred close to Mount Sinai, called al-Ţūr in Arabic.
كان سكان الصحراء يوقدون النيران على المرتفعات لإرشاد المسافرين ليلاً. وكان المسافرون إذا وصلوا إلى النار يُقدَّم لهم الكرم والدفء، أو على الأقل يُرشدون في طريقهم.
Desert dwellers used to light fires on high ground so as to provide guidance to night travellers. When such travellers arrived at the fire, they would be given hospitality and warmth, or at least be guided on their way.
"أبصرتُ ناراً." هذا ما قاله موسى أولاً عند رؤيته النار. فالفعل العربي «آنَسَ» الذي استُعمل للإبصار يحمل دلالات الأُنس والمودّة، فكأن كلامه يعني: أرى نارًا مؤنِسةً ستبعث فينا شيئًا من الطمأنينة. يمكن أن نسأل عن الطريق فيُدلّنا على وجهتنا، وأن نأخذ جذوةً نتدفّأ بها. ولما مشى موسى نحو النار جاءه النداء من العلاء: ﴿فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا نُودِيَ أَن بُورِكَ مَن فِي النَّارِ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا وَسُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ * يَا مُوسَى إِنَّهُ أَنَا اللَّهُ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾ (الآيتان 8-9).
“I perceive a fire.” This is what Moses first said on sighting the fire. The Arabic text uses the verb ānast for ‘perceive’ which carries connotations of friendliness. Thus, his words sound like: I can see a welcoming fire which should give us some comfort. We can ask directions which should tell us which way to go, and we could get a brand to warm ourselves. As Moses walked towards the fire, he received the call from on high: “But when he came close to it, he was addressed: Blessed are those in the fire and those around it! And limitless in His glory is God, the Lord of all the worlds. Moses! Truly, I am alone God, the Almighty, the Wise!’“ (Verses 8-9)
هذا خطابٌ يتردد صداه في الكون كله، يجمع بين عوالم مختلفة وأكوان متعددة. يخضع له جميع الموجودات خضوعًا متواضعًا، وهو نداءٌ يهزّ الضمائر والأرواح. تُدرك السماوات والأرض الرابطة القوية التي تصلهما معًا، تلك الرابطة التي تجعل ذرةً صغيرةً من المخلوقات تستجيب لنداء الخالق العظيم. وهكذا يُرفع الإنسانُ الضعيفُ الفانی، بفضل الله، إلى مقامٍ يُخاطب منه ربَّه مباشرةً.
لا يوجد لدينا أي نص صحيح ثابت يؤكد أن الشيخ الكبير الذي استأجر موسى، وكانت له ابنتان إحداهما زوجها موسى، هو شعيب. غير أن هذا احتمال قوي جدًا، ويزيد من رجحانه أن القرآن الكريم كلما ذكر النبيين جاءت قصة موسى بعد قصة شعيب، مما يدل على أنهما وقعتا في زمن واحد أو في زمن متقارب.
5 We do not have any authentic statement confirming that the old man who employed Moses and had two daughters one of whom was married to Moses was in fact Shu`ayb. This is, however, a high probability, one given greater weight by the fact that whenever the Qur'ān mentions the two prophets, Moses' story follows that of Shu'ayb's which suggests that they occurred at the same time, or in quick succession.